TAPVC defines the anomaly in which the pulmonary veins have no connection with the left atrium. Rather, the pulmonary veins connect directly to one of the systemic veins (TAPVC) or drain in to right atrium.
A PFO or ASD is present essentially in those who survive after birth
When pulmonary veins drain anomalously into the right atrium either because of complete absence of the interatrial septum or malattachment of the septum primum , then it is known as total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage.
When some or all of the pulmonary veins drain anomalously in to RA or its tributaries without being abnormally connected, the terms partially anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (PAPVD) or totally anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (TAPVD) with normal pulmonary venous connections are used.
TAPVC defines the anomaly in which the pulmonary veins have no connection with the left atrium. Rather, the pulmonary veins connect directly to one of the systemic veins (TAPVC) or drain in to right atrium.
A PFO or ASD is present essentially in those who survive after birth
When pulmonary veins drain anomalously into the right atrium either because of complete absence of the interatrial septum or malattachment of the septum primum , then it is known as total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage.
When some or all of the pulmonary veins drain anomalously in to RA or its tributaries without being abnormally connected, the terms partially anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (PAPVD) or totally anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (TAPVD) with normal pulmonary venous connections are used.
The condition of your lungs. Chest X-rays can detect cancer, infection or air collecting in the space around a lung (pneumothorax). They can also show chronic lung conditions, such as emphysema or cystic fibrosis, as well as complications related to these conditions. Heart-related lung problems.
The lecture is for medical student. It is from Dr RUSINGIZA Emmanuel, MD, senior lecture at UR( UNIVERSITY OF RWANDA) .
It will help to understand heart diseases in newborn, infants and children.
Some babies with tricuspid atresia have other conditions, such as pulmonary stenosis or transposition of the great arteries, that also affect blood flow through their heart. These conditions require treatment, too.
Acyanotic Congenital Heart Diseases;
1. Left-to-right shunts
a. Ventricular Septal Defect(VSD)
b. Atrial Septal Defect(ASD)
c. Patent Ductus Arteriosus(PDA)
d. Atrioventricular Septal Defect(AVSD)
e. Aortopulmonary window
* Eisenmenger Syndrome – The shunt becomes right-to-left
2. Left-sided obstructive lesions
a. Coarctation of the Aorta(COA)
b. Congenital Aortic Stenosis
c. Mitral Stenosis
d. Interrupted Aortic Arch
Cyanotic Congenital Heart Diseases;
1. Right-to-left shunts
a. Tetralogy of Fallot
b. Pulmonary stenosis
c. Pulmonary atresia
d. Tricuspid atresia
e. Ebstein’s anomaly
2. Complete mixed lesions
a. Transposition of the great vessels
b. Double outlet right ventricle(DORV)
c. Total anomalous pulmonary venous return
d. Truncus arteriosus
e. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
The condition of your lungs. Chest X-rays can detect cancer, infection or air collecting in the space around a lung (pneumothorax). They can also show chronic lung conditions, such as emphysema or cystic fibrosis, as well as complications related to these conditions. Heart-related lung problems.
The lecture is for medical student. It is from Dr RUSINGIZA Emmanuel, MD, senior lecture at UR( UNIVERSITY OF RWANDA) .
It will help to understand heart diseases in newborn, infants and children.
Some babies with tricuspid atresia have other conditions, such as pulmonary stenosis or transposition of the great arteries, that also affect blood flow through their heart. These conditions require treatment, too.
Acyanotic Congenital Heart Diseases;
1. Left-to-right shunts
a. Ventricular Septal Defect(VSD)
b. Atrial Septal Defect(ASD)
c. Patent Ductus Arteriosus(PDA)
d. Atrioventricular Septal Defect(AVSD)
e. Aortopulmonary window
* Eisenmenger Syndrome – The shunt becomes right-to-left
2. Left-sided obstructive lesions
a. Coarctation of the Aorta(COA)
b. Congenital Aortic Stenosis
c. Mitral Stenosis
d. Interrupted Aortic Arch
Cyanotic Congenital Heart Diseases;
1. Right-to-left shunts
a. Tetralogy of Fallot
b. Pulmonary stenosis
c. Pulmonary atresia
d. Tricuspid atresia
e. Ebstein’s anomaly
2. Complete mixed lesions
a. Transposition of the great vessels
b. Double outlet right ventricle(DORV)
c. Total anomalous pulmonary venous return
d. Truncus arteriosus
e. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
A detailed discussion on embryogenesis of heart and ennumeration of all congenital diseases and description of cyanotic congenital heart disease , each disease in detail.
Natural history of common congenital heart diseasesRamachandra Barik
Most infants with ASDs are asymptomatic
They may present at 6 to 8 weeks of age with a soft systolic ejection murmur and possibly a fixed and widely split S2
CHF rare in the first decades of life but it can become common once the patient is older than 40 yrs
3. c) Over time PVR to that of SVR i) reverses shunt (cyanosis) 2.- R to L shunt a) pulmonary blood flow i) Cyanosis “blueness” of skin b) examples: i) tetralogy of Fallot ii) great vessel transposition iii) truncus arteriosus iv) tricuspid atresia v) anomalous pulmonary venous connection www.freelivedoctor.com
4. c) long standing cyanosis is associated with “clubbing” of the tips of the fingers and toes www.freelivedoctor.com
5. 3.- Obstructions (of flow) a) coarctation of the aorta b) valvular stenosis i) aortic ii) pulmonary c) complete obstruction is called “Atresia” www.freelivedoctor.com
6.
7. i) VSD most common - close spontaneously (50%) ii) ASD usually not symptomatic before 30 yrs www.freelivedoctor.com
8. iii) DA remains open after birth - ~ 90% occur as isolated anomaly - reversal of flow with PVR causes cyanosis - PGE will maintain DA cardiac defects such as obstructive disease iv) complete atrioventricular canal defect - all 4 chambers freely communicate (Down syndrome) www.freelivedoctor.com
19. ii) It is classified by the absence of tricuspid valve, pulmonary stenosis, and VSD. iii) The most Common form is also associated With a hypoplastic right ventricle www.freelivedoctor.com
20. TRICUSPID ATRESIA 1 - atrial septal defect 2 - absent tricuspid valve 3 - ventricular septal defect Blood is shunted through an atrial septal defect to the left atrium and through the ventricular septal defect to the pulmonary artery. The shaded arrows indicate mixing of the blood. www.freelivedoctor.com
21.
22. 1 - superior vena cava 2 - atrial septal defect 3 - left innominate vein 4 - pulmonary veins Oxygenated blood returning from the lungs is routed back into the superior vena cava, rather than the left atrium. The presence of an atrial septal defect is necessary to allow partially oxygenated blood to reach the left side of the heart. Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection (TAPVC) www.freelivedoctor.com
23.
24.
25. 1 - pinched or coarcted aorta flow patterns are normal but are reduced below the coarctation. Blood pressure is increased in vessels leaving the aorta above the coarctation. The broken white arrow indicates diminished blood flow through the aorta. www.freelivedoctor.com
30. Aortic stenosis (valvular) 1 - narrowed aortic valve Flow patterns are normal but blood flow to the aorta is reduced as indicated by the broken white arrows www.freelivedoctor.com
![[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Tricuspid Atresia Michael P. D'Alessandro, M.D. Peer Review Status: Internally Peer Reviewed www.freelivedoctor.com](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/congenitalheartdiseaseheartfailure-100416234303-phpapp01/85/Congenital-heart-disease-heart-failure-1-320.jpg)
![[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],www.freelivedoctor.com](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)