This document provides guidance on composing effective paragraphs. It defines what a paragraph is and identifies its key parts: the topic sentence, supporting details, and concluding sentence. It describes three characteristics of effective paragraphs: completeness, unity, and coherence. It provides examples of topic sentences, supporting details, and concludes with an assignment to write a paragraph in a letter format for Father's Day.

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COMPOSING EFFECTIVE
PARAGRAPH
E N G L I S H 8 - 4 T H Q U A RT E R ( E N 8 W C - I I a - 2 . 8 )

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PASS THE MESSAGE!

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A paragraph develops an idea.
Paragraphs grow out of sentences.
A sentence states an idea.

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LESSON OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the 60 minutes discussion, at
least 85% of the students will be able to:
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1. Define paragraph and its parts
2. Demonstrate an appreciation for the
importance of effective paragraph writing in
conveying ideas clearly and coherently
3. Compose own effective paragraph

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Get ready to jumble!
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CRITERIA FOR THE ACTIVITY
4 3 2 1
ACCURACY All of the answers are correct. Most of the answers are
correct.
Some of the answers are
correct.
Few to none of the answers
are correct.
CLEANLINESS OF
PRESENTATION
The presentation is very clear. The presentation is clear. The presentation is somewhat
confusing.
The presentation is not clear.
TIMELINESS Finish the work before time. Finish the work on time. Finish the work 3 minutes
after the time.
Finish the work 5 minutes
after the time.
COOPERATION All of the members of the
group are participating.
Most of the members of the
group are participating.
Some of the members of the
group are participating.
Few to none of the members
of the group are participating.

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What is a Paragraph?
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• A paragraph contains a group of sentences arranged in
a certain order.
•A sentence states an idea.
• A paragraph develops an idea.
•Paragraphs grow out of sentences.

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What are the parts of a paragraph?
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•Main topic
•Supporting sentences
•Concluding sentences

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•Main topic- the topic you are writing about
•Supporting sentences- elaborate the topic.
•Could be in a form of examples, illustrations,
evidence, descriptions, etc.
•Concluding sentences- summarizes the
ideas presented in the paragraph. It
reiterates the main idea.

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What makes an effective paragraph?
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A paragraph must possess the following elements:
1. Completeness
A paragraph must include enough information to
give the reader a clear picture or a full discussion of
its main idea (topic sentence).

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2. Unity
All paragraphs must have one key,
controlling idea. All sentences within the
paragraph must clearly and specifically
relate back to and support the main topic.

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3. Coherence
Shows the relationship and establish clear
connection and sequence of ideas. This
means that one sentence should relate to
the next, and therefore transitional devices
or expressions should be used.

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Application!
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• Provide a topic sentence and three supporting details to develop a well-
organized paragraph based on the picture below. Then, write it in
paragraph form. Begin with your topic sentence and support it with
supporting details.

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Topic: Bullying
1. Topic Sentence:
__________________________________________________________
2. Supporting Details
a. ________________________________________________________
b. ________________________________________________________
c. ________________________________________________________
3. Concluding Sentence
__________________________________________________________

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Quiz time!
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Instructions: Choose the best answer for
each question below. Write your answer on
a ¼ sheet of paper.

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1. What is a paragraph?
a) A single sentence
b) A group of related sentences focused on a
specific idea
c) A collection of random thoughts

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2. What is the purpose of a topic sentence in a
paragraph?
a) To introduce the main idea of the paragraph
b) To conclude the paragraph
c) To provide supporting details

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3. What are supporting details in a paragraph?
a) Examples, evidence, or explanations that
support the topic sentence
b) Irrelevant information
c) The conclusion of the paragraph

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4. What is coherence in a paragraph?
a) The logical flow of ideas from one sentence
to another
b) The length of the paragraph
c) The font size and style used in the paragraph

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5. How can transition words contribute to
coherence in a paragraph?
a) By signaling shifts in time or sequence
b) By providing extra details
c) By repeating the same information

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6. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic
of an effective paragraph?
a) Clear topic sentence
b) Supporting details unrelated to the topic
c) Coherent organization

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7. What does it mean for a paragraph to be
well-organized?
a) The ideas are presented in a logical order
b) The paragraph is written in a formal tone
c) The paragraph is free of grammar mistakes

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8. Which of the following is an example of a
topic sentence?
a) "I like dogs because they are cute and
playful."
b) "In the United States, the legal voting age is
18."
c) "There are three main types of renewable
energy sources."

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9. Which of the following is an example of a
supporting detail for the topic sentence: "The
benefits of exercise include increased energy,
improved mood, and better overall health"?
a) "Exercise can be done indoors or outdoors."
b) "I prefer going to the gym for my workouts."
c) "Many people find exercise boring and
tedious."

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10. What is the recommended structure for a
paragraph?
a) Topic sentence, supporting details,
conclusion
b) Supporting details, topic sentence,
conclusion
c) Conclusion, topic sentence, supporting
details

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ASSIGNMENT
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Compose a letter with one paragraph of at least
5-10 sentences. A letter should be addressed to
your father to be given on Father’s day, telling
them your admiration and appreciation of their
tireless effort. Observe the proper way of writing
letter and paragraph. Make another copy to be
submitted to your teacher.