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Complex tissue 1
- 1. Topic – Complextissue
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- 3. Xylem 1) Tracheids 2) Vessels/ Trachea 3) Xylem fibres 4) Xylem parenchyma Phloem 1) Sieve tube 2) Companion cell 3) Phloem fibres 4) Phloem parenchyma
- 5. Xylem Phloem Function Vasculartissue that transport water and dissolved nutrients from root to the aerial parts of plants Vascular tissue that transports prepared food from the leaves and shoots to the roots Type Dead cell Living cell Location Centre of vascular bundle The periphery of the vascular bundle Cellular Composition Lignin , Cellulose Phloem sap Structural Composition Tracheids ,Trachea , Xylem fibres , Xylem parenchyma Sieve tube , companion cell , phloem fibres , phloem parenchyma Movement direction Unidirectionally Bidirectionally Support Forms the bulk of plants and provide mechanical support Forms a smaller parts pf plants and does not provide any mechanical support Differences between xylem and phloem
- 7. Differences between primaryxylem and secondary xylem Primary xylem Secondary xylem Definition Primary xylem is the xylem formed during the primary growth by the procambium Secondary xylem is the xylem formed during the secondary growth by the vascular cambium Occurrence Present in both monocots and dicots Seen only in dicots Types of growth Primary growth Secondary growth Meristem type Apical meristem Lateral meristem Pit formation Not observed Observed vessel Long and thin Short and wide Tyloses Absent Present Number of xylem fibres Less High
- 8. 4 types ofcells found in xylem Tracheids Origin – Tracheids of primary xylem originated from procambium although secondary xylem originated from vascular cambium. Distribution – ❑ Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms – only Tracheids ❑ In Angiosperms –Tracheids and vessel both present Function – Water and mineral conduction Mechanical support to plants
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- 10. Vessels / Trachea Originand Development - vessels of primary xylem originated from procambium besides in secondary xylem originated from cambium Distribution - Pteridophytes and Gymnosperm – absent Angiosperm – present ( exception – Amborella , Bubbia , Chlorenthus , Drimys etc. Function – 1. Helps in conduction of water and minerals from the root to different parts of the plants. 2. Mechanical support to the plants.
- 11. Structure of vessels/ Trachea
- 12. Wood parenchyma -Parenchyama cells are only living cells in the xylem . It’s main function is to storage Wood fibres – ❑ The xylem fibres are non-living sclerenvhyma cells . ❑ These cells are found in between the trach and xylem vessels of the xylem tissue ❑ Xylem fibres protect and provide mechanical support to the major water conducting tissues of the xylem.
- 13. Phloem Differences between primaryphloem and secondary phloem Primary phloem Secondary phloem Develops from Procambium From vascular cambium Bast fibres Absent Present Types of growth Primary growth Secondary growth Sclereids Absent Present Occurrence Towards the periphery It is formed inner to the primary phloem Radial system Absent It is traversed by radial system of phloem rays Number of phloem fibres Less More Number of sieve tube Less More
- 15. Companion cell – 1.Found in between sieve tube 2. Large nucleus , dense cytoplasm 3. Keep the sieve tube alive and provide nutrients 4. Contains many mitochondria ( provides energy for translocation ) Phloem parenchyma – 1. Found in both primary and secondary phloem elements 2.These are found in dicot roots , leaves and stems but are absent in monocot plants 3. Store food material like – resins, latex and mucilage 4. Helps in translocation of food