Compact Thermal Energy Storage
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1. Thermal energy storage (TES) technologies like phase change materials (PCMs), sorption, and thermochemical materials can store solar and renewable heat for use when needed. 2. PCMs use the heat of phase change during melting and freezing to efficiently store and release thermal energy. Organic PCMs like paraffin wax are promising due to their high storage density and melting temperatures around human comfort levels. 3. Sorption technologies use physical or chemical bonding to store heat in materials like silica gels, zeolites, or chemical reactions. A demonstration used zeolite to store nighttime heat from district heating for use during the day.
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This document discusses Wyre Energy's proposal for a compressed air energy storage facility in the Preesall Salt Field in the Fleetwood region using the caverns left over from decades of salt mining. The proposal involves using compressed air stored in the underground caverns to generate electricity during periods of high demand. If fully built out, the facility could include 16 caverns capable of producing over 1528 GWh of energy storage per cavern annually. The total estimated cost is £229 million and the project could become profitable within 10 years of operation. Compressed air energy storage is presented as a viable and necessary technology for energy storage to support increasing renewable energy on the UK grid.
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Introduction to Phase Change Materials #PSBPcomfort
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Phase Change Material (PCM) as an introductory review of solar drying of agri...
Phase Change Material (PCM) as an introductory review of solar drying of agri...
phase change materials by dhandabani,anna university,CEG,chennai.
phase change materials by dhandabani,anna university,CEG,chennai.
Using the Ground for Thermal Energy Storage: The Experience of the Riverina H...
Using the Ground for Thermal Energy Storage: The Experience of the Riverina H...
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Similar to Compact Thermal Energy Storage
HIGH TEMERATURE THERMAL ENERGY STOARAGE SYSTEM APPLICATIONS
Thermal energy storage (TES) includes a number of d ifferent technologies. Thermal energy can be stored at temperatures from -40�C to more than 400�C as sensi ble heat,latent heat and chemical energy (i.e. the rmo- chemical energy storage) using chemical reactions. Thermal energy storage in the form of sensible heat is based on the specific heat of a storage medium,whi ch is usually kept in storage tanks with high therm al insulation. The most popular and commercial heat st orage medium is water,which has a number of reside ntial and industrial applications. Underground storage of sensible heat in both liquid and solid media is al so used for typically large-scale applications. However,TES sy stems based on sensible heat storage offer a storag e capacity that is limited by the specific heat of th e storage medium. Phase change materials (PCMs) can offer a higher storage capacity that is associated with the latent heat of the phase change. PCMs also enable a target- oriented discharging temperature that is set by the constant temperature of the phase change. Thermo-c hemical storage (TCS) can offer even higher storage capacit ies. Thermo-chemical reactions (e.g. adsorption or the adhesion of a substance to the surface of another s olid or liquid) can be used to accumulate and disch arge heat and cold on demand (also regulating humidity) in a variety of applications using different chemical re actants. At present,
K1303027277
This document provides a review of thermal energy storage, with a focus on phase change materials (PCMs). It begins by discussing different types of thermal energy storage, including sensible heat, latent heat, and thermochemical storage. Latent heat storage using PCMs is identified as particularly promising due to its high energy storage density. The document then reviews literature on various PCMs and composites that have been studied, including their properties. Challenges with PCMs like poor thermal conductivity and leakage are mentioned. The review identifies needs for more accurate material property data and improved thermal energy storage test rigs. It concludes by discussing research gaps and directions for future work, such as material durability testing and developing low-cost
REVIEW OF THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
Nowadays,the worldwide worry about a global climat e change pushes to develop new energetic strategies. And more,after the recent energetic cr isis due to the increase of oil price,or the gas crisis arisen between Russia and Ukraine This paper reviews the Thermal energy storage systems which have the potential for increasing the effecti ve use of thermal energy equipment and for facilitating large-scale switching. They are normal ly useful for correcting the mismatch between the supply and demand of energy. There are different me thods in thermal storage systems.
Experimental Study on Phase Change Material based Thermal Energy Storage System
1) The document describes an experimental study on using phase change materials (PCMs) like calcium chloride hexahydrate and sodium carbonate decahydrate to store thermal energy.
2) The experiment involved charging two PCMs by flowing hot water through a copper tube containing the PCMs, and discharging by flowing cold water, measuring temperatures over time.
3) The results showed that increasing the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid during charging and discharging increased the heat storage and release capacity of both PCMs.
IRJET- Performance Analysis of PCM based Thermal Energy Storage System Co...
This document discusses a study that analyzed the performance of a thermal energy storage system containing nanoparticles. The study aimed to improve the thermal conductivity of a phase change material (PCM) by dispersing nickel oxide nanoparticles within it. Experiments were conducted with pure PCM and PCM mixed with nanoparticles. The results showed that adding nanoparticles enhanced heat transfer by increasing the thermal conductivity of the PCM. Parameters like nanoparticle volume concentration and heat transfer fluid flow rate were also tested to determine their effects. The findings indicate nanoparticles can help address the typically low thermal conductivity of PCMs and thus improve the rates of heat storage and release in thermal energy storage systems.
IRJET- Performance Analysis of PCM based Thermal Energy Storage System Contai...
This document discusses a study that analyzed the performance of a thermal energy storage system containing nanoparticles. The study aimed to improve the thermal conductivity of a phase change material (PCM) by dispersing nickel oxide nanoparticles within it. Experiments were conducted with pure PCM and PCM mixed with nanoparticles. The results showed that adding nanoparticles enhanced heat transfer by increasing the thermal conductivity of the PCM. Parameters like nanoparticle volume concentration and heat transfer fluid flow rate were also tested to determine their effects. The findings indicate nanoparticles can help address the typically low thermal conductivity of PCMs and thus improve the rates of heat storage and release in thermal energy storage systems.
An Assessment of Phase Change Materials for Domestic Applicatons
Thermal Energy storage has been the significant area of research over the last many decades. Various methods
and materials are developed for storing heat energy. Yet a main obstacle to modern methods is its lack of thermal mass.
Phase change materials are one of the optimized alternate to various energy storing methods and materials. They have
high energy storage capacity. In any case, despite the fact that the data is quantitatively tremendous, it is moreover
spread generally in the writing, and hard to discover. This report contrasts on the properties of phase change materials
and also reveals their significant applications. Furthermore, the discussion includes main benefits and drawbacks of
phase change materials over the different renewable energy sources. It also carries various types of PCMs and
performance analysis of PCMs for selecting the best required PCM for the purpose of heating and cooling of building.
...Organic pcm (review, 2016)
This document reviews developments in organic solid-liquid phase change materials (PCMs) and their applications in thermal energy storage. It discusses three main aspects: materials, encapsulation, and applications of organic PCMs. Organic PCMs have benefits like congruent melting and narrow melting/freezing temperature ranges, but also have low thermal conductivity. The document explores techniques to enhance thermal conductivity and discusses applications of organic PCMs in areas like buildings, electronics, refrigeration, and solar energy. It is noted that organic PCMs are widely used in applications with low to medium temperature requirements but less common in high temperature applications.
PCM coated Heat sinks
Due to the excessive use of the electronic devices a lot of heat is generated in it which effects the performance of the device, it is paramount Important to remove the heat from them.
Since the electronic industries (e.g. laptops and computers) demanding smaller size and lower power consumption, more fundamental research is required to improve the cooling systems from material engineering point of view alongside redesigning the available cooling systems.
International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES)
International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES)
Ad hoc & sensor networks, Adaptive applications, Aeronautical Engineering, Aerospace Engineering
Agricultural Engineering, AI and Image Recognition, Allied engineering materials, Applied mechanics,
Architecture & Planning, Artificial intelligence, Audio Engineering, Automation and Mobile Robots
Automotive Engineering….
silindir pcm
The document describes experimental studies of two cylindrical latent heat energy storage systems (LHESS) using lauric acid as the phase change material (PCM). The first is a horizontal cylinder with one finned copper pipe passing through the center. The second is a vertical cylinder with two finned copper pipes allowing for simultaneous charging and discharging. Experiments were conducted to study the phase change behavior of the PCM and heat transfer processes during charging, discharging, and simultaneous charging/discharging. Results show natural convection plays an important role in melting and simultaneous charging/discharging but less so in solidification.
Experimental analysis of a flat plate solar collector with integrated latent ...
Experimental analysis of a flat plate solar collector with integrated latent ...Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs
Experimental analysis of a flat plate solar collector with integrated latent heat thermal storage
*Mauricio, Carmona1, Mario Palacio2, ArnoldMartínez3
1 Mechanical Engineering Department, Universidad del Norte, Colombia
2 Faculty of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Universidad PontificiaBolivariana, Colombia
3 Mechanical Engineering Department, Universidad de Córdoba, Colombia
1E mail: mycarmona@uninorte.edu.co,2E mail: mario.palaciov@upb.edu.co
A B S T R A C T
In the present paper, an experimental analysis of a solar water heating collector with an integrated latent heat storage unit is presented. With the purpose to determine the performance of a device on a lab scale, but with commercial features, a flat plate solar collector with phase change material (PCM) containers under the absorber plate was constructed and tested. PCM used was a commercial semi-refined light paraffin with a melting point of 60°C. Tests were carried out in outdoor conditions from October 2016 to March 2017 starting at 7:00 AM until the collector does not transfer heat to the water after sunset. Performance variables as water inlet temperature, outlet temperature, mass flow and solar radiation were measured in order to determine a useful heat and the collector efficiency. Furthermore, operating temperatures of the glass cover, air gap, absorber plate, and PCM containers are presented. Other external variables as ambient temperature, humidity and wind speed were measured with a weather station located next to the collector. The developed prototype reached an average thermal efficiency of 24.11% and a maximum outlet temperature of 50°C. Results indicate that the absorber plate reached the PCM melting point in few cases, this suggests that the use of a PCM with a lower melting point could be a potential strategy to increase thermal storage. A thermal analysis and conclusions of the device performance are discussed.
Experimental analysis of a flat plate solar collector with integrated latent ...
Experimental analysis of a flat plate solar collector with integrated latent ...Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs
The document presents the results of an experimental analysis of a flat plate solar collector with an integrated latent heat storage unit using phase change material (PCM). Tests were conducted over 60 days from October 2016 to March 2017 in Colombia. The collector reached an average thermal efficiency of 24.11% and a maximum outlet temperature of 50°C. While the PCM provided stability to outlet temperatures during cloudiness, it was unable to supply thermal energy after sunset likely due to a short charging time where the absorber plate temperature reached the PCM melting point. Using a PCM with a lower melting point may increase charging time and improve performance.IJERD (www.ijerd.com) International Journal of Engineering Research and Devel...
This document summarizes a study on using a Fresnel lens to concentrate solar rays and transfer heat to a phase change material (paraffin wax) for thermal energy storage. The integrated collector storage system was experimentally tested for charging and discharging performance. Results showed the paraffin wax was able to store heat in the 50-65°C range suitable for domestic hot water applications. During discharge, different heat transfer fluid tube configurations were tested and a multiple pass design provided faster thermal response times but a steeper temperature drop compared to a single pass design. In conclusion, paraffin wax was found to be a promising phase change material for low temperature thermal energy storage applications.
IJERD (www.ijerd.com) International Journal of Engineering Research and Devel...
This document summarizes a study on using a Fresnel lens to concentrate solar rays and transfer heat to a phase change material (paraffin wax) for thermal energy storage. The study tested different configurations of heat transfer tubes for charging and discharging the storage system to provide domestic hot water. Testing showed the paraffin wax was able to store heat in the 50-65°C range needed for hot water. Multiple pass heat transfer tubes provided faster thermal response during discharge but with a steeper temperature drop compared to single pass tubes. The Fresnel lens was able to efficiently charge the storage system during peak solar hours to provide hot water during non-solar periods.
IJERD (www.ijerd.com) International Journal of Engineering Research and Devel...
This document summarizes a study on a solar integrated collector storage system using a Fresnel lens for domestic hot water applications. The system uses paraffin wax as a phase change material (PCM) for thermal energy storage. Experimental results showed that the PCM was able to store sufficient thermal energy from the sun concentrated by the Fresnel lens to maintain water temperatures around 50-60°C for hot water needs for over 50 minutes without direct sunlight. Graphs of temperature over time demonstrated stable water outlet temperatures during discharge of the stored thermal energy after charging by concentrated solar radiation. The study confirms the technical feasibility of using a Fresnel lens and paraffin wax PCM for an efficient solar thermal energy storage system for
Fabrication of new ceramics nanocomposites for solar energy storage and release
The carbides nanostructures have huge applications in renewable energy fields such as the saving of solar energy and release which attributed to the good their properties (thermal, electrical, mechanical, optical and chemical). So, in this paper, the solar energy storage and release of carbides nanoparticles/water for building heating and cooling applications have been investigated with different concentrations of metals carbides nanoparticles (tantalum carbide-silicon carbide). The results showed that the melting and solidification times for thermal energy storage and release decrease with an increase (TaC-SiC) nanoparticles concentrations. From the obtained results, the TaC/SiC nanostructures/ water nano-system are considered as promising materials for solar energy storage and release with high efficiency and high gain (more than 50% compare with the water). Also, the TaC/SiC may be used for heating and cooling fields with good performance and high gain.
introduction to pcm
This document discusses phase change materials (PCMs) for energy storage applications. It begins with an introduction to PCMs and their characteristics like high energy storage density and ability to store/release energy at a constant temperature. It then covers classifications of organic and inorganic PCMs and compares their properties. Challenges like low thermal conductivity of organic PCMs are discussed along with solutions like adding thermal conductivity enhancers. The document concludes that PCMs are promising for energy storage due to their high storage density and ability to store/release energy at constant temperatures.
Numerical and Experimental investigation of packed bed thermal energy storage...
This document presents a numerical investigation of a packed bed thermal energy storage system using Al2O3 nanofluids. The storage material consists of tightly packed glass beads and pebbles. A two-phase one-dimensional model is used to analyze the temperature distribution over time within the storage system during charging. The enhancement ratio and advantage ratio of the storage system are calculated using nanofluids and compared to using water. The objective is to analyze the performance benefits of using nanofluids in packed bed thermal energy storage.
A review on phase change materials & their applications
The document summarizes phase change materials (PCMs) and their applications for latent heat storage. It discusses:
1. PCMs store and release large amounts of heat energy during phase transitions from solid to liquid or vice versa. This allows for high energy storage density compared to sensible heat storage.
2. PCMs can be classified as organic, inorganic, or eutectic materials. Common organic PCMs include paraffin and fatty acids which have high latent heats but low thermal conductivity. Inorganic PCMs like salt hydrates do not supercool and have stable phase change properties over cycling.
3. PCMs are promising for applications in solar energy storage and
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HIGH TEMERATURE THERMAL ENERGY STOARAGE SYSTEM APPLICATIONS
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Experimental Study on Phase Change Material based Thermal Energy Storage System
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IRJET- Performance Analysis of PCM based Thermal Energy Storage System Co...
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International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES)
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Experimental analysis of a flat plate solar collector with integrated latent ...
Experimental analysis of a flat plate solar collector with integrated latent ...
Experimental analysis of a flat plate solar collector with integrated latent ...
Experimental analysis of a flat plate solar collector with integrated latent ...
IJERD (www.ijerd.com) International Journal of Engineering Research and Devel...
IJERD (www.ijerd.com) International Journal of Engineering Research and Devel...
IJERD (www.ijerd.com) International Journal of Engineering Research and Devel...
IJERD (www.ijerd.com) International Journal of Engineering Research and Devel...
IJERD (www.ijerd.com) International Journal of Engineering Research and Devel...
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Fabrication of new ceramics nanocomposites for solar energy storage and release
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How to Interpret Trends in the Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart.pdf
A Mix Chart displays historical data of numbers in a graphical or tabular form. The Kalyan Rajdhani Mix Chart specifically shows the results of a sequence of numbers over different periods.
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Its a seminar ppt on database management system using sql
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdf
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
AWS Cloud Cost Optimization Presentation.pptx
This presentation provides valuable insights into effective cost-saving techniques on AWS. Learn how to optimize your AWS resources by rightsizing, increasing elasticity, picking the right storage class, and choosing the best pricing model. Additionally, discover essential governance mechanisms to ensure continuous cost efficiency. Whether you are new to AWS or an experienced user, this presentation provides clear and practical tips to help you reduce your cloud costs and get the most out of your budget.
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAU
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
System Design Case Study: Building a Scalable E-Commerce Platform - Hiike
This case study explores designing a scalable e-commerce platform, covering key requirements, system components, and best practices.
5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up Slides
5th Power Grid Model Meet-up
It is with great pleasure that we extend to you an invitation to the 5th Power Grid Model Meet-up, scheduled for 6th June 2024. This event will adopt a hybrid format, allowing participants to join us either through an online Mircosoft Teams session or in person at TU/e located at Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven, Netherlands. The meet-up will be hosted by Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), a research university specializing in engineering science & technology.
Power Grid Model
The global energy transition is placing new and unprecedented demands on Distribution System Operators (DSOs). Alongside upgrades to grid capacity, processes such as digitization, capacity optimization, and congestion management are becoming vital for delivering reliable services.
Power Grid Model is an open source project from Linux Foundation Energy and provides a calculation engine that is increasingly essential for DSOs. It offers a standards-based foundation enabling real-time power systems analysis, simulations of electrical power grids, and sophisticated what-if analysis. In addition, it enables in-depth studies and analysis of the electrical power grid’s behavior and performance. This comprehensive model incorporates essential factors such as power generation capacity, electrical losses, voltage levels, power flows, and system stability.
Power Grid Model is currently being applied in a wide variety of use cases, including grid planning, expansion, reliability, and congestion studies. It can also help in analyzing the impact of renewable energy integration, assessing the effects of disturbances or faults, and developing strategies for grid control and optimization.
What to expect
For the upcoming meetup we are organizing, we have an exciting lineup of activities planned:
-Insightful presentations covering two practical applications of the Power Grid Model.
-An update on the latest advancements in Power Grid -Model technology during the first and second quarters of 2024.
-An interactive brainstorming session to discuss and propose new feature requests.
-An opportunity to connect with fellow Power Grid Model enthusiasts and users.
Introduction of Cybersecurity with OSS at Code Europe 2024
I develop the Ruby programming language, RubyGems, and Bundler, which are package managers for Ruby. Today, I will introduce how to enhance the security of your application using open-source software (OSS) examples from Ruby and RubyGems.
The first topic is CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures). I have published CVEs many times. But what exactly is a CVE? I'll provide a basic understanding of CVEs and explain how to detect and handle vulnerabilities in OSS.
Next, let's discuss package managers. Package managers play a critical role in the OSS ecosystem. I'll explain how to manage library dependencies in your application.
I'll share insights into how the Ruby and RubyGems core team works to keep our ecosystem safe. By the end of this talk, you'll have a better understanding of how to safeguard your code.
leewayhertz.com-AI in predictive maintenance Use cases technologies benefits ...
Predictive maintenance is a proactive approach that anticipates equipment failures before they happen. At the forefront of this innovative strategy is Artificial Intelligence (AI), which brings unprecedented precision and efficiency. AI in predictive maintenance is transforming industries by reducing downtime, minimizing costs, and enhancing productivity.
A Comprehensive Guide to DeFi Development Services in 2024
DeFi represents a paradigm shift in the financial industry. Instead of relying on traditional, centralized institutions like banks, DeFi leverages blockchain technology to create a decentralized network of financial services. This means that financial transactions can occur directly between parties, without intermediaries, using smart contracts on platforms like Ethereum.
In 2024, we are witnessing an explosion of new DeFi projects and protocols, each pushing the boundaries of what’s possible in finance.
In summary, DeFi in 2024 is not just a trend; it’s a revolution that democratizes finance, enhances security and transparency, and fosters continuous innovation. As we proceed through this presentation, we'll explore the various components and services of DeFi in detail, shedding light on how they are transforming the financial landscape.
At Intelisync, we specialize in providing comprehensive DeFi development services tailored to meet the unique needs of our clients. From smart contract development to dApp creation and security audits, we ensure that your DeFi project is built with innovation, security, and scalability in mind. Trust Intelisync to guide you through the intricate landscape of decentralized finance and unlock the full potential of blockchain technology.
Ready to take your DeFi project to the next level? Partner with Intelisync for expert DeFi development services today!
Main news related to the CCS TSI 2023 (2023/1695)
An English 🇬🇧 translation of a presentation to the speech I gave about the main changes brought by CCS TSI 2023 at the biggest Czech conference on Communications and signalling systems on Railways, which was held in Clarion Hotel Olomouc from 7th to 9th November 2023 (konferenceszt.cz). Attended by around 500 participants and 200 on-line followers.
The original Czech 🇨🇿 version of the presentation can be found here: https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/hlavni-novinky-souvisejici-s-ccs-tsi-2023-2023-1695/269688092 .
The videorecording (in Czech) from the presentation is available here: https://youtu.be/WzjJWm4IyPk?si=SImb06tuXGb30BEH .
Generating privacy-protected synthetic data using Secludy and Milvus
During this demo, the founders of Secludy will demonstrate how their system utilizes Milvus to store and manipulate embeddings for generating privacy-protected synthetic data. Their approach not only maintains the confidentiality of the original data but also enhances the utility and scalability of LLMs under privacy constraints. Attendees, including machine learning engineers, data scientists, and data managers, will witness first-hand how Secludy's integration with Milvus empowers organizations to harness the power of LLMs securely and efficiently.
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Compact Thermal Energy Storage
- 1. Compact Thermal Energy Storage Wim van Helden Webinar Leonardo-Energy 23 Jan. 2009
- 3. PRIMARY ENERGY USE FOR HEATING PURPOSES EU energy consumption
- 6. Stage of development of TES technologies TCM (chemical) Research Sorption (latent) Development PCM (latent) Demonstration Water (sensible) Mature market
- 8. Classification of Thermal Energy Storage
- 12. PCM Energy stored as function of temperature
- 13. Latent heat storage in PCMs PCM interesting at small temperature difference (around melting temperature) Left: volume of water and of TH29 needed for storage of 1 MJ heat. Right: mass of water and of TH29 needed for storage of 1 MJ heat. Volume water and TH29 for 1 MJ storage 0 5 10 15 20 25 0 - 100 10 - 60 15 - 40 20 - 30 temperature difference (°C) litres water TH29 Mass of water and TH29 for 1 MJ storage 0 5 10 15 20 25 0 - 100 10 - 60 15 - 40 20 - 30 temperature difference (°C) kilograms water TH29
- 15. Latent heat storage in ice Storage tanks for water filled polyethene balls, 2 projects in United States
- 17. Organic PCMs Left to right: - powder: 60% paraffine and silica material - granulate: 35% paraffine and diatomee earth - boards: 65% paraffine and wood fibre board New development. Compound: 80% paraffine, for direct contact with water, for instance in reservoir
- 19. Phase change Materials in walls development project with the partners BASF, caparol, maxit and Sto with Fraunhofer ISE 1/1999 - 9/2004 funded by BMWi FKZ 0329840A-D
- 20. measurements two identical rooms measured without and with two PCM products monitored one year each result: - 4 K difference reached - night ventilation essential
- 21. Since 2004 several products: Different products with microcapsules: plaster, plasterbords, porous concrete… ….. Different macrocapsules: Dörken, Rubitherm, SGL, Climator and others BASF: micronal SmartBoard™ Other systems: Energain, Rubitherm granules Foto: BASF
- 22. Latent heat storage: inorganic PCMs PCM can of Climator: typically applied in transformer rooms and telecom installations Nodule of Cristopia: HDPE ball filled with eutectic salt
- 42. IEA Task/Annex 42/24 Matrix approach