COMP4010 Lecture 5 taught by Bruce Thomas at University of South Australia on August 24th 2017. This class was about using Interaction Design techniques for developing effective VR interfaces. Slides by Mark Billinghurst.
Lecture 5 in the COMP 4010 class on Augmented and Virtual Reality. This lecture was about AR Interaction and Prototyping methods. Taught by Mark Billinghurst on August 24th 2021 at the University of South Australia.
Lecture 8 of the COMP 4010 course taught at the University of South Australia. This lecture provides and introduction to VR technology. Taught by Mark Billinghurst on September 14th 2021 at the University of South Australia.
Lecture 11 of the COMP 4010 class on Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality. This lecture is about VR applications and was taught by Mark Billinghurst on October 19th 2021 at the University of South Australia
Lecture 1 for the 2022 COMP 4010 course on AR and VR. This course was taught by Mark Billinghurst at the University of South Australia in 2022. This lecture provides an introduction to AR, VR and XR.
Lecture 2 in the 2022 COMP 4010 Lecture series on AR/VR and XR. This lecture is about human perception for AR/VR/XR experiences. This was taught by Mark Billinghurst at the University of South Australia in 2022.
Lecture 7 from the COMP 4010 class on AR and VR. This lecture was about Designing AR systems. It was taught on September 7th 2021 by Mark Billinghurst from the University of South Australia.
COMP 4010 - Lecture 1: Introduction to Virtual RealityMark Billinghurst
Lecture 1 of the VR/AR class taught by Mark Billinghurst and Bruce Thomas at the University of South Australia. This lecture provides an introduction to VR and was taught on July 26th 2016.
Lecture 5 in the COMP 4010 class on Augmented and Virtual Reality. This lecture was about AR Interaction and Prototyping methods. Taught by Mark Billinghurst on August 24th 2021 at the University of South Australia.
Lecture 8 of the COMP 4010 course taught at the University of South Australia. This lecture provides and introduction to VR technology. Taught by Mark Billinghurst on September 14th 2021 at the University of South Australia.
Lecture 11 of the COMP 4010 class on Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality. This lecture is about VR applications and was taught by Mark Billinghurst on October 19th 2021 at the University of South Australia
Lecture 1 for the 2022 COMP 4010 course on AR and VR. This course was taught by Mark Billinghurst at the University of South Australia in 2022. This lecture provides an introduction to AR, VR and XR.
Lecture 2 in the 2022 COMP 4010 Lecture series on AR/VR and XR. This lecture is about human perception for AR/VR/XR experiences. This was taught by Mark Billinghurst at the University of South Australia in 2022.
Lecture 7 from the COMP 4010 class on AR and VR. This lecture was about Designing AR systems. It was taught on September 7th 2021 by Mark Billinghurst from the University of South Australia.
COMP 4010 - Lecture 1: Introduction to Virtual RealityMark Billinghurst
Lecture 1 of the VR/AR class taught by Mark Billinghurst and Bruce Thomas at the University of South Australia. This lecture provides an introduction to VR and was taught on July 26th 2016.
Lecture 6 on the COMP4010 course on AR/VR. This lecture describes prototyping tools for developing interactive prototypes for AR experiences. The lecture was taught on August 31st 2020 by Mark Billinghurst at the University of South Australia
Lecture 3 in the 2022 COMP 4010 lecture series on AR/VR. This lecture provides an introduction for AR Technology. This was taught by Mark Billinghurst at the University of South Australia in 2022.
Lecture 10 in the COMP 4010 Lectures on AR/VR from the Univeristy of South Australia. This lecture is about VR Interface Design and Evaluating VR interfaces. Taught by Mark Billinghurst on October 12, 2021.
Lecture 6 of the COMP 4010 course on AR/VR. This lecture is about designing AR systems. This was taught by Mark Billinghurst at the University of South Australia on September 1st 2022.
COMP 4010 - Lecture1 Introduction to Virtual RealityMark Billinghurst
COMP 4010 Course on Virtual and Augmented Reality. Lectures for 2017. Lecture 1: Introduction to Virtual Reality. Taught by Bruce Thomas on July 27th 2017 at the University of South Australia. Slides by Mark Billinghurst
Lecture 5 in the 2022 COMP 4010 lecture series. This lecture is about AR prototyping tools and techniques. The lecture was given by Mark Billinghurst from University of South Australia in 2022.
Lecture 12 in the COMP 4010 course on AR/VR. This lecture was about research directions in AR/VR and in particular display research. This was taught by Mark Billinghurst on September 26th 2021 at the University of South Australia.
The final lecture in the 2021 COMP 4010 class on AR/VR. This lecture summarizes some more research directions and trends in AR and VR. This lecture was taught by Mark Billinghurst on November 2nd 2021 at the University of South Australia
Using Interaction Design Methods for Creating AR and VR InterfacesMark Billinghurst
Class on Using Interaction Design Methods for Creating AR and VR Interfaces. Taught by Mark Billinghurst from the University of South Australia on September 20th - 21st in Xi'an, China
Lecture 9 of the COMP 4010 course in AR/VR from the University of South Australia. This was taught by Mark Billinghurst on October 5th, 2021. This lecture describes VR input devices, VR systems and rapid prototyping tools.
A lecture give on AR Tehchnology taught as part of the COMP 4010 course on AR/VR. This lecture was taught by Mark Billinghurst on August 10th 2021 at the University of South Australia.
This is a talk I gave about how to design for AR at a mobile app development conference organized by Mad Brain (2019).
I covered these topics:
— What AR is;
— Handheld AR;
— Use cases;
— Tools for designing the AR experience.
Keynote speech given by Mark Billinghurst at the ISS 2022 conference. Presented on November 22nd, 2022. This keynote outlines some research opportunities in the Metaverse.
Lecture 2 of the COMP 4010 class on AR/VR. This lecture is about the human perception system. This lecture was given on August 3rd 2021 by Mark Billinghurst from the University of South Australia.
COMP lecture 4 given by Bruce Thomas on August 16th 2017 at the University of South Australia about 3D User Interfaces for VR. Slides prepared by Mark Billinghurst.
Lecture 6 from the COMP 4010 course on Virtual Reality. This lecture describes some typical VR applications. The lecture was taught on August 31st 2017 by Bruce Thomas at the University of South Australia. Slides were made by Mark Billinghurst
Workshop given by Mark Billinghurst and Gun Lee on August 16th 2017, explaining how to develop VR experiences without any programming. Using the InstaVR tool and others.
Lecture 6 on the COMP4010 course on AR/VR. This lecture describes prototyping tools for developing interactive prototypes for AR experiences. The lecture was taught on August 31st 2020 by Mark Billinghurst at the University of South Australia
Lecture 3 in the 2022 COMP 4010 lecture series on AR/VR. This lecture provides an introduction for AR Technology. This was taught by Mark Billinghurst at the University of South Australia in 2022.
Lecture 10 in the COMP 4010 Lectures on AR/VR from the Univeristy of South Australia. This lecture is about VR Interface Design and Evaluating VR interfaces. Taught by Mark Billinghurst on October 12, 2021.
Lecture 6 of the COMP 4010 course on AR/VR. This lecture is about designing AR systems. This was taught by Mark Billinghurst at the University of South Australia on September 1st 2022.
COMP 4010 - Lecture1 Introduction to Virtual RealityMark Billinghurst
COMP 4010 Course on Virtual and Augmented Reality. Lectures for 2017. Lecture 1: Introduction to Virtual Reality. Taught by Bruce Thomas on July 27th 2017 at the University of South Australia. Slides by Mark Billinghurst
Lecture 5 in the 2022 COMP 4010 lecture series. This lecture is about AR prototyping tools and techniques. The lecture was given by Mark Billinghurst from University of South Australia in 2022.
Lecture 12 in the COMP 4010 course on AR/VR. This lecture was about research directions in AR/VR and in particular display research. This was taught by Mark Billinghurst on September 26th 2021 at the University of South Australia.
The final lecture in the 2021 COMP 4010 class on AR/VR. This lecture summarizes some more research directions and trends in AR and VR. This lecture was taught by Mark Billinghurst on November 2nd 2021 at the University of South Australia
Using Interaction Design Methods for Creating AR and VR InterfacesMark Billinghurst
Class on Using Interaction Design Methods for Creating AR and VR Interfaces. Taught by Mark Billinghurst from the University of South Australia on September 20th - 21st in Xi'an, China
Lecture 9 of the COMP 4010 course in AR/VR from the University of South Australia. This was taught by Mark Billinghurst on October 5th, 2021. This lecture describes VR input devices, VR systems and rapid prototyping tools.
A lecture give on AR Tehchnology taught as part of the COMP 4010 course on AR/VR. This lecture was taught by Mark Billinghurst on August 10th 2021 at the University of South Australia.
This is a talk I gave about how to design for AR at a mobile app development conference organized by Mad Brain (2019).
I covered these topics:
— What AR is;
— Handheld AR;
— Use cases;
— Tools for designing the AR experience.
Keynote speech given by Mark Billinghurst at the ISS 2022 conference. Presented on November 22nd, 2022. This keynote outlines some research opportunities in the Metaverse.
Lecture 2 of the COMP 4010 class on AR/VR. This lecture is about the human perception system. This lecture was given on August 3rd 2021 by Mark Billinghurst from the University of South Australia.
COMP lecture 4 given by Bruce Thomas on August 16th 2017 at the University of South Australia about 3D User Interfaces for VR. Slides prepared by Mark Billinghurst.
Lecture 6 from the COMP 4010 course on Virtual Reality. This lecture describes some typical VR applications. The lecture was taught on August 31st 2017 by Bruce Thomas at the University of South Australia. Slides were made by Mark Billinghurst
Workshop given by Mark Billinghurst and Gun Lee on August 16th 2017, explaining how to develop VR experiences without any programming. Using the InstaVR tool and others.
Lecture 11 from the 2017 COMP 4010 course on AR and VR at the University of South Australia. This lecture was on AR applications and was taught by Mark Billinghurst on October 26th 2017.
COMP 4010 Course on Virtual and Augmented Reality. Lectures for 2017. Lecture 3: VR Input and Systems. Taught by Bruce Thomas on August 10th 2017 at the University of South Australia. Slides by Mark Billinghurst
COMP 4010 Lecture12 - Research Directions in AR and VRMark Billinghurst
COMP 4010 lecture on research directions in AR and VR, taught by Mark Billinghurst on November 2nd 2017 at the University of South Australia. This is the final lecture in the 2017 COMP 4010 course on AR and VR
Presentation about how to create mobile Virtual Reality applications without any programming. Given by Mark Billinghurst on March 18th 2017 at TePapa in Wellington, New Zealand.
Lecture 8 in the COMP 4010 course on AR and VR. This lecture gives an overview of Augmented Reality technology. Taught by Mark Billinghurst on October 5th, 2017 at the University of South Australia
COMP 4010 lecture on AR Interaction Design. Lecture given by Gun Lee at the University of South Australia on October 12th 2017, from slides prepared by Mark Billinghurst
Presentation by Mark Billinghurst on Collaborative Immersive Analytics at the BDVA conference on November 7th 2017. This talk provides an overview of the topic of Collaborative Immersive Analytics
Fifty Shades of Augmented Reality: Creating Connection Using ARMark Billinghurst
Keynote speech by Mark Billinghurst at the Laval Virtual 2017 conference on March 24th 2017. The presentation talks about how Augmented Reality can be used to enhance remote collaboration.
Lecture on Mobile AR as part of the 2017 COMP 4010 course on AR and VR taught at the University of South Australia. Lecture taught on October 19th 2017 by Gun Lee. Slides prepared by Mark Billinghurst.
A short course on how to develop AR and VR experiences using Unity. Using Unity 2017.2, Google 1.100 VR SDK, and Vuforia. Taught by Mark Billinghurst on November 7th 2017.
COMP 4010 - Lecture 7: Introduction to Augmented RealityMark Billinghurst
Lecture 7 in the COMP 4010 class on Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality. This lecture provides an introduction to Augmented Reality. This class was taught on September 7th 2017 by Mark Billinghurst at the University of South Australia.
Slides showing how to use Unity to build Google Cardboard Virtual Reality applications. From a series of lectures given by Mark Billinghurst from the University of South Australia.
COMP 4010 Course on Virtual and Augmented Reality. Lectures for 2017. Lecture 2: VR Technology. Taught by Bruce Thomas on August 3rd 2017 at the University of South Australia. Slides by Mark Billinghurst
COMP 4010 Lecture 6 on Virtual Reality. This time focusing on Interaction Design for VR and rapid prototyping tools. Taught by Bruce Thomas at the University of South Australia on September 3rd 2019. Slides by Mark Billinghurst
COMP 4010 Lecture 5 on Interaction Design for Virtual Reality. Taught by Gun Lee on August 21st 2018 at the University of South Australia. Slides by Mark Billinghurst
Lecture on Advanced Human Computer Interaction given by Mark Billinghurst on July 28th 2016. This is the first lecture in the COMP 4026 Advanced HCI course.
Usability and User Experience Training Seminarlabecvar
This presentation describes a day-long seminar for giving participants an overview of best practices in usability design and research. Also included are several hand-on exercises to be done throughout the day to solidify participants' understanding of course concepts.
Did a crash course in User Experience for participants at the iCube Innovation startup bootcamp. Credit to Mark Billinghurst and Aga Szostek for their knowledge (and slides).
Lecture 11 of the COMP 4010 class on Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality. This lecture is about VR applications and was taught by Mark Billinghurst on October 19th 2021 at the University of South Australia
What is User Experience Design?
The Business Case for User Experience Design
What are the UX processes?
How can we measure its effectiveness?
Who needs to be involved?
Lecture 9 from a course on Mobile Based Augmented Reality Development taught by Mark Billinghurst and Zi Siang See on November 29th and 30th 2015 at Johor Bahru in Malaysia. This lecture describes principles for effective Interface Design for Mobile AR applications. Look for the other 9 lectures in the course.
UXPA 2023: UX Fracking: Using Mixed Methods to Extract Hidden InsightsUXPA International
Users do not always accurately describe what they mean or feel. There are many reasons for this, ranging from politeness to poor introspection, to lack of sufficient technical vocabulary. Fortunately, UX researchers have tools in their trade to deduce what was really meant. We call this UX Fracking, a mixed methods approach that is optimized for extracting hidden user insights. We will illustrate the dangers of inadequate, superficial research, and how this may lead to outcomes incapable of addressing the users’ core issues. We will explore ways to avoid these pitfalls by leveraging mixed research methods to test hypotheses about the users’ intent and needs. This starts with a thorough understanding of who the user is, their goals, and how they work today, to an approach that combines surveys, interviews, and comment analysis with behavioral observation, and finally, validating the newly discovered user insights with the users themselves.
Requirements Engineering for the HumanitiesShawn Day
This workshop explores how requirements engineering can be employed by digital and non-digital humanities scholars (and others) to conceptualise and communicate a research project.
requirementsEngineeringAs the field of digital humanities has evolved, one of the biggest challenges has been getting the marrying technical expertise with humanities scholarly practice to successfully deliver sustainable and sound digital projects. At its core this is a communications exercise. However, to communicate effectively demands an ability to effectively translate, define and find clarity in your own mind.
Keynote talk by Mark Billinghurst at the 9th XR-Metaverse conference in Busan, South Korea. The talk was given on May 20th, 2024. It talks about progress on achieving the Metaverse vision laid out in Neil Stephenson's book, Snowcrash.
These are slides from the Defence Industry event orgranized by the Australian Research Centre for Interactive and Virtual Environments (IVE). This was held on April 18th 2024, and showcased IVE research capabilities to the South Australian Defence industry.
This is a guest lecture given by Mark Billinghurst at the University of Sydney on March 27th 2024. It discusses some future research directions for Augmented Reality.
Presentation given by Mark Billinghurst at the 2024 XR Spring Summer School on March 7 2024. This lecture talks about different evaluation methods that can be used for Social XR/AR/VR experiences.
Empathic Computing: Delivering the Potential of the MetaverseMark Billinghurst
Invited guest lecture by Mark Billingurust given at the MIT Media Laboratory on November 21st 2023. This was given as part of Professor Hiroshi Ishii's class on Tangible Media
Talk to Me: Using Virtual Avatars to Improve Remote CollaborationMark Billinghurst
A talk given by Mark Billinging in the CLIPE workshop in Tubingen, Germant on April 27th 2023. This talk describes how virtual avatars can be used to support remote collaboration.
Empathic Computing: Designing for the Broader MetaverseMark Billinghurst
Keynote talk given by Mark Billinghurst at the CHI 2023 Workshop on Towards and Inclusive and Accessible Metaverse. The talk was given on April 23rd 2023.
Lecture 4 in the 2022 COMP 4010 lecture series on AR/VR. This lecture is about AR Interaction techniques. This was taught by Mark Billinghurst at the University of South Australia in 2022.
Empathic Computing and Collaborative Immersive AnalyticsMark Billinghurst
Short talk by Mark Billinghurst on Empathic Computing and Collaborative Immersive Analytics, presented on July 28th 2022 at the Siggraph 2022 conference.
Lecture given by Mark Billinghurst on June 18th 2022 about how the Metaverse can be used for corporate training. In particular how combining AR, VR and other Metaverse elements can be used to provide new types of learning experiences.
Empathic Computing: Developing for the Whole MetaverseMark Billinghurst
A keynote speech given by Mark Billinghurst at the Centre for Design and New Media at IIIT-Delhi. Given on June 16th 2022. This presentation is about how Empathic Computing can be used to develop for the entre range of the Metaverse.
keynote speech by Mark Billinghurst at the Workshop on Transitional Interfaces in Mixed and Cross-Reality, at the ACM ISS 2021 Conference. Given on November 14th 2021
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey 2024 by 91mobiles.pdf91mobiles
91mobiles recently conducted a Smart TV Buyer Insights Survey in which we asked over 3,000 respondents about the TV they own, aspects they look at on a new TV, and their TV buying preferences.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...sonjaschweigert1
Rapid and secure feature delivery is a goal across every application team and every branch of the DoD. The Navy’s DevSecOps platform, Party Barge, has achieved:
- Reduction in onboarding time from 5 weeks to 1 day
- Improved developer experience and productivity through actionable findings and reduction of false positives
- Maintenance of superior security standards and inherent policy enforcement with Authorization to Operate (ATO)
Development teams can ship efficiently and ensure applications are cyber ready for Navy Authorizing Officials (AOs). In this webinar, Sigma Defense and Anchore will give attendees a look behind the scenes and demo secure pipeline automation and security artifacts that speed up application ATO and time to production.
We will cover:
- How to remove silos in DevSecOps
- How to build efficient development pipeline roles and component templates
- How to deliver security artifacts that matter for ATO’s (SBOMs, vulnerability reports, and policy evidence)
- How to streamline operations with automated policy checks on container images
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
Alt. GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using ...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to ProductionAggregage
Join Maher Hanafi, VP of Engineering at Betterworks, in this new session where he'll share a practical framework to transform Gen AI prototypes into impactful products! He'll delve into the complexities of data collection and management, model selection and optimization, and ensuring security, scalability, and responsible use.
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
Enhancing Performance with Globus and the Science DMZGlobus
ESnet has led the way in helping national facilities—and many other institutions in the research community—configure Science DMZs and troubleshoot network issues to maximize data transfer performance. In this talk we will present a summary of approaches and tips for getting the most out of your network infrastructure using Globus Connect Server.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
zkStudyClub - Reef: Fast Succinct Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge Regex ProofsAlex Pruden
This paper presents Reef, a system for generating publicly verifiable succinct non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs that a committed document matches or does not match a regular expression. We describe applications such as proving the strength of passwords, the provenance of email despite redactions, the validity of oblivious DNS queries, and the existence of mutations in DNA. Reef supports the Perl Compatible Regular Expression syntax, including wildcards, alternation, ranges, capture groups, Kleene star, negations, and lookarounds. Reef introduces a new type of automata, Skipping Alternating Finite Automata (SAFA), that skips irrelevant parts of a document when producing proofs without undermining soundness, and instantiates SAFA with a lookup argument. Our experimental evaluation confirms that Reef can generate proofs for documents with 32M characters; the proofs are small and cheap to verify (under a second).
Paper: https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1886
COMP 4010: Lecture 5 - Interaction Design for Virtual Reality
1. LECTURE 5:
INTERACTION DESIGN FOR
VIRTUAL REALITY
COMP 4010 – Virtual Reality
Semester 5 – 2017
Bruce Thomas, Mark Billinghurst
University of South Australia
August 23rd 2017
2. Lecture 4: Recap
• 3D User Interfaces
• User interfaces for VR systems
• Need good 3D UI guidelines
• But 3D interaction is difficult
• Needs spatial input
• Interface Layout more complex
• Lack of constraints, precision
• Lack of standards, tools
• User Fatigue, perception needs
3. Universal 3D Interaction Tasks in VR
• Object Interaction
• Selection: Picking object(s) from a set
• Manipulation: Modifying object properties
• Navigation
• Travel: motor component of viewpoint motion
• Wayfinding: cognitive component; decision-making
• System control
• Issuing a command to change system state or mode
4. Object Interaction
• Selection:
• specifying one or more objects from a set
• Manipulation:
• modifying object properties
• position, orientation, scale, shape, color, texture, behavior, etc.
6. Navigation
• How we move from place to place within an environment
• The combination of travel with wayfinding
• Wayfinding: cognitive component of navigation
• Travel: motor component of navigation
• Travel without wayfinding: "exploring", "wandering”
8. System Control
• Issuing a command to change system state or mode
• Examples
• Launching application
• Changing system settings
• Opening a file
• Etc.
• Key points
• Make commands visible to user
• Support easy selection
11. How Can we Design Useful VR?
• Designing VR experiences that meet real needs
12. What is Interaction Design ?
Designing interactive products to
support people in their everyday
and working lives”
Preece, J., (2002). Interaction Design
• Interaction Design is the design of
user experience with technology
13. Bill Verplank on Interaction Design
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gk6XAmALOWI
14. • Interaction Design involves answering three questions:
• What do you do? - How do you affect the world?
• What do you feel? – What do you sense of the world?
• What do you know? – What do you learn?
Bill Verplank
15. The Interaction Design Process
Evaluate
(Re)Design
Identify needs/
establish
requirements
Build an
interactive
version
Final Product
Develop alternative prototypes/concepts and compare them
And iterate, iterate, iterate....
18. NeedsAnalysis Goals
1. Create a deep understanding of
the user and problem space
2. Understand howVR can help
address the user needs
19. Key Questions
1. Who is the user?
• Different types of users
2. What are the user needs?
• Understand the user, look for insights
3. Can VR address those needs?
• VR cannot solve all problems
20. Who are the Users?
• Different types of users, must consider them all
• Primary: people regularly using the VR system
• Secondary: people providing tech support/developing system
• Tertiary: people providing funding/space for VR system
21. Methods for Identifying User Needs
Learn from
people
Learn from
analogous
settings
Learn from
Experts
Immersive
yourself in
context
22. 1. Learn from People
• Learn from target users by:
• Questionnaires and interviewing
• Running focus groups
• Observing people performing target tasks
23. 2. Learn from Experts
• Experts have in-depth knowledge about topic
• Can give large amount of information in short time
• Look for existing process/problem documentation
• Choose participants with domain expertise
• Expertise, radical opinion, etc.
24. 3. Immersive yourself in Context
• Put yourself in the position of the user
• Role playing, a day in the life of a user, cultural probes
• Observing the problem space around you – how do you feel?
• Take notes and capture your observations
A day in the Life of.. Cultural Probes.. Role Playing..
25. 4. Seek Inspiration in Analogous Setting
• Inspiration in different context than problem space
• E.g. redesign library by going to Apple store
• Think of Analogies that connect with challenge
• Similar scenarios in different places
What can public libraries learn from Apple stores?
26. Identifying User Needs
• From understanding the user, look for needs
• Human emotional or physical necessities.
• Needs help define your design
• Needs are Verbs not Nouns
• Verbs - (activities and desires)
• Nouns (solutions)
• Identify needs from the user traits you noted, or
from contradictions between information
• disconnect between what user says and what user does..
27. Example: VR for Arachnophobia
• True story:
• Mark’s father, Alan, didn’t seem afraid of anything
• He went to the HIT Lab to try VR for the first time
• In a virtual kitchen he saw a VR spider and screamed
• Contradiction:
• Afraid of nothing, but screams at virtual spider
28. Example: VR for Arachnophobia
State the Problem
- [User] needs [verb phrase] in a way that [way]
- How might we [verb phrase] ?
Example
- Alan needs to overcome his fear of spiders in a way that
that is easy and painless
- How might we help him overcome his fear of spiders ?
User Need
29. Is VR the Best Solution?
• Not every problem can be solved by VR..
• Problems Ideal for Virtual Reality, have:
• visual elements
• 3D spatial interaction
• physical manipulation
• procedural learning
• Problems Not ideal for Virtual Reality, have:
• heavy reading, text editing
• many non visual elements
• need for connection with real world
• need for tactile, haptic, olfaction feedback
32. The Interaction Design Process
Evaluate
(Re)Design
Identify needs/
establish
requirements
Build an
interactive
version
Final Product
33. Idea Generation
• Once user need is found, solutions can be proposed
• Idea generation through:
• Brainstorming
• Lateral thinking
• Ideal storming
• Formal problem solving
• Etc..
34. Example:
• Ideas for overcoming fear of spiders
• Watching spider videos
• Exposure to real spiders
• Using toy spiders
• Virtual Reality therapy
• Augmented Reality spider viewing
35. Elaboration and Reduction
• Elaborate on Ideas and Reduce to Final Design Direction
• Elaborate - generate solutions.These are the opportunities
• Reduce - decide on the ones worth pursuing
• Repeat - elaborate and reduce again on those solutions
37. Role of Sketching
• Use sketching as way to communicate and create new ideas
Sketching is about the
activity not the result
– Bill Buxton
38. Why is Sketching Useful?
• Early ideation
• Think through ideas
• Force you to visualize how things come together
• Communicate ideas to inspire new designs
• Ideal for active brainstorming
• Beginning of prototyping process
39. VR Design Considerations
• Use UI Best Practices
• Adapt know UI guidelines to VR
• Use of Interface Metaphors/Affordances
• Decide best metaphor for VR application
• Design for Humans
• Use Human Information Processing model
• Design for Different User Groups
• Different users may have unique needs
• Design for the Whole User
• Social, cultural, emotional, physical cognitive
40. Use UI Best Practices
• General UI design principles can be applied to VR
• E.g. Shneiderman’s UI guidelines from 1998
• Providing interface feedback
• Mixture of reactive, instrumental and operational feedback
• Maintain spatial and temporal correspondence
• Use constraints
• Specify relations between variables that must be satisfied
• E.g. physical constraints reduce freedom of movement
• Support Two-Handed control
• Use Guiard’s framework of bimanual manipulation
• Dominant vs. non-dominant hands
41. Use Interface Metaphors
• Design interface object to be similar to familiar
physical object that the user knows how to use
• E.g. Desktop metaphor, spreadsheet, calculator
• Benefits
• Makes learning interface easier and more accessible
• Users understand underlying conceptual model
42. Typical VR Interface Metaphors
• Direct Manipulation
• Reach out and directly grab objects
• Ray Casting
• Select objects through ray from head/hand
• Vehicle Movement
• Move through VR environment through vehicle movement
45. Affordances
”… the perceived and actual properties of
the thing, primarily those fundamental
properties that determine just how the thing
could possibly be used. [...]
Affordances provide strong clues to the
operations of things.”
(Norman, The Psychology of Everyday Things 1988, p.9)
46. Perceived vs. Actual Affordances
• Perceived affordance should match actual affordance
47. Physical vs. Virtual Affordances
• Physical Affordance
• Look and feel of real objects
• Shape, texture, colour, weight, etc.
• Industrial Design
• Virtual Affordance
• Look of virtual objects
• Copy real objects
• Interface Design
48. Affordances in VR
• Design interface objects to show how they are used
• Use visual cues to show possible affordances
• Perceived affordances should match actual affordances
• Good cognitive model - map object behavior to expected
Familiar objects in Job Simulator Object shape shows how to pick up
49. Examples of Affordances in VR
Virtual buttons can be pushed Virtual doors can be walked through
Virtual objects can be picked upFlying like a bird in Birdly
50. Human Information Processing
• High level staged model from Wickens and Carswell (1997)
• Relates perception, cognition, and physical ergonomics
Perception Cognition Ergonomics
51. Design for Perception (see Lecture 2)
• Need to understand perception to design VR
• Visual perception
• Many types of visual cues (stereo, oculomotor, etc.)
• Auditory system
• Binaural cues, vestibular cues
• Somatosensory
• Haptic, tactile, kinesthetic, proprioceptive cues
• Chemical Sensing System
• Taste and smell
52. Design for Cognition
• Design for Working and Long term memory
• Working memory
• Short term storage, Limited storage (~5-9 items)
• Long term memory
• Memory recall trigger by associative cues
• Situational Awareness
• Model of current state of user’s environment
• Used for wayfinding, object interaction, spatial awareness, etc..
• Provide cognitive cues to help with situational awareness
• Landmarks, procedural cues, map knowledge
• Support both ego-centric and exo-centric views
53. Deisgn for Physical Ergonomics
• Design for the human motion range
• Consider human comfort and natural posture
• Design for hand input
• Coarse and fine scale motions, gripping and grasping
• Avoid “Gorilla arm syndrome” from holding arm pose
54. Designing for Different User Groups
• Design for Difference Ages
• Children require different interface design than adults
• Older uses have different needs than younger
• Prior Experience with VR systems
• Familiar with HMDs, VR input devices
• People with Different Physical Characteristics
• Height and arm reach, handedness
• Perceptual, Cognitive and Motor Abilities
• Colour perception varies between people
• Spatial ability, cognitive or motor disabilities
56. Whole User Needs
• Social
• Don’t make your user look stupid
• Cultural
• Follow local cultural norms
• Physical
• Can the user physically use the interface?
• Cognitive
• Can the user understand how the interface works?
• Emotional
• Make the user feel good and in control
Would you wear this HMD?
57. UX Guidelines for VR
• The Four Cores of UX Design for VR
• Make interface Interactive and Reactive
• Design for Comfort and Ease
• Use usable Text and Image Scale
• Include position audio and 3D sound
https://www.dtelepathy.com/blog/philosophy/ux-guide-designing-virtual-reality-experiences
58. UX Challenges
• Problems to be Addressed
• Keep the user safe
• Make it look and feel real
• Make sure users don’t get simulation sickness
• Develop easy-to-use controls and menus
59. Cardboard Design Lab
• Mobile VR App providing examples of best practice VR
designs and user interaction (iOS, Play app stores)
61. VR Human Interface Guidelines
• Interface design website - http://vrhig.com/
• Set of VR interface design best practices
62. Design Guidelines (from 3D UI book)
• Design for comfortable poses
• Design for relatively short sessions and encourage breaks
• Use constraints, use and invent magical techniques
• Consider real world tools and practices as a source of
inspiration for 3D user interface design
• Consider designing 3D techniques using principles from
2D interaction
• Consider using physical props and passive feedback,
particularly in highly specialized tasks
• Ensure temporal and spatial compliance between
feedback dimensions
63. More VR Design Guidelines
• Use real-world cues when appropriate.
• If there is a horizon line, keep it steady
• Be careful about mixing 2D GUI and 3D
• Avoid rapid movement, it makes people sick
• Avoid rapid or abrupt transitions to the world space
• Keep the density of information and objects on screen low
• Do not require the user to move their head or body too much
From https://www.wired.com/2015/04/how-to-design-for-virtual-reality/
64. UX of VR Website - www.uxofvr.com
• Many examples of great design ideas
• Videos, books, articles, slides, code, etc..
67. How can we quickly
prototype Virtual Reality
experiences with little or
no coding?
68. Why Prototype?
▪ Quick visual design
▪ Capture key interactions
▪ Focus on user experience
▪ Communicate design ideas
▪ “Learn by doing/experiencing”
69. From Sketches to Prototypes
• Sketches: early ideation stages of design
• Prototypes: capturing /detailing the actual design
70. Sketch vs. Prototype
Sketch Prototype
Invite Attend
Suggest Describe
Explore Refine
Question Answer
Propose Test
Provoke Resolve
Tentative, non committal Specific Depiction
The primary differences are in the intent
71. From Sketches to Prototypes
Early design
Late design
Brainstorm different ideas and
representations
Choose a representation
Rough out interface style
Multitude of sketches
Sketch variations and details
Sketch or low fidelity prototypesTask centered walkthrough and redesign
Fine tune interface, screen design
Heuristic evaluation and redesign
Usability testing and redesign
Low to medium fidelity prototypes
Limited field testing
Alpha/Beta tests
High fidelity prototypes
Working systems
72. Typical Development Steps
▪ Sketching
▪ Storyboards
▪ UI Mockups
▪ Interaction Flows
▪ Video Prototypes
▪ Interactive Prototypes
▪ Final Native Application
Increased
Fidelity &
Interactivity
75. Advantages/Disadvantages
Prototype Advantages Disadvantages
Low-fidelity
prototype
- low developmental cost
- evaluate multiple
design concepts
- limited error checking
- navigational and flow
limitations
High-fidelity
prototype
- fully interactive
- look and feel of final
product
- clearly defines
navigational scheme
- more expensive to develop
- time consuming to build
- developers are reluctant to
change something they have
crafted for hours
76. VR Prototyping Tools
• Low Fidelity
• Sketched Paper Interfaces – pen/paper, non-interactive
• Onride Photoshop tool – digital, non-interactive
• InstaVR - 360 web based tool, simple interactivity
• SketchBox – create VR interface inside VR
• High Fidelity
• Entiti – template based VR with visual programming
• A-Frame – web based VR tool using HTML
• EditorVR – Unity wrapper inside VR
• Unity/Unreal Game Engine – programming needed
77. Sketching VR Interfaces
• Download 360 panorama template grid
• Draw interface ideas into grid
• Scan into 360 photo viewer for VR HMD
See https://virtualrealitypop.com/vr-sketches-56599f99b357
79. ONIRIDE - 360° Art Plugin for Photoshop
• Draw 360 panorama’s directly in Photoshop
• Preview in Photoshop, export to VR
• See http://www.oniride.com/360art
82. Demo - Using InstaVR
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M2C8vDL0YeA
83. Sketchbox
• VR design tool - create VR interface inside VR
• Support for HTC Vive, Oculus Rift
• Easy to use VR sketching tool
• Available from SteamVR
• See https://www.sketchboxvr.com/
85. Entiti
• https://www.wakingapp.com/
• Stand alone application for VR/AR authoring (Windows, Mac)
• Works with Entiti mobile application (Android, iOS)
• Delivers multiple VR experiences – 360 and 3D scenes
• Template based VR, Visual programming for behaviours
87. A-Frame
• See https://aframe.io/
• Web based VR framework
• Make WebVR with HTML and Entity-Component
• Works on Vive, Rift, Daydream, GearVR, desktop
89. Unity EditorVR
• Edit Unity VR scenes inside VR
• 3D user interface on top of Unity
• 2 handed interface using HTC Vive
• Support for multi-user input
• Available from https://github.com/Unity-Technologies/EditorVR
91. More Prototyping Tools
• List of 24 prototyping tools
• Tools for prototyping 3D VR experiences
• Tools for prototyping 360 degree experiences
• Web based Tools for 3D prototyping
• 3D modeling tools in VR
See http://bit.ly/2wx3i6H
100. What is evaluation?
•Evaluation is concerned with
gathering data about the usability
of a design or product by a
specified group of users for a
particular activity within a specified
environment or work context
101. When to evaluate?
• Once the product has been developed
• pros : rapid development, small evaluation cost
• cons : rectifying problems
• During design and development
• pros : find and rectify problems early
• cons : higher evaluation cost, longer development
design implementation evaluation
redesign &
reimplementation
design implementation
103. Quick and Dirty
• ‘quick & dirty’ evaluation: informal feedback from
users or consultants to confirm that their ideas are
in-line with users’ needs and are liked.
• Quick & dirty evaluations are done any time.
• Emphasis is on fast input to the design process
rather than carefully documented findings.
104. Usability Testing
• Recording typical users’ performance on typical
tasks in controlled settings.
• As the users perform tasks they are watched &
recorded on video & their inputs are logged.
• User data is used to calculate performance times,
errors & help determine system usability
• User satisfaction questionnaires & interviews are
used to elicit users’ opinions.
105. Laboratory-based studies
• Laboratory-based studies
• can be used for evaluating the design, or system
• are carried out in an interruption-free usability lab
• can accurately record some work situations
• some studies are only possible in a lab environment
• some tasks can be adequately performed in a lab
• useful for comparing different designs in a controlled context
107. Field/Ethnographic Studies
• Field studies are done in natural settings
• The aim is to understand what users do naturally
and how technology impacts them.
• In product design field studies can be used to:
- identify opportunities for new technology
- determine design requirements
- decide how to introduce new technology
- evaluate technology in use.
108. Predictive Evaluation
• Experts apply their knowledge of typical
users, often guided by heuristics, to
predict usability problems.
• Can involve theoretically based models.
• A key feature of predictive evaluation is
that users need not be present
• Relatively quick and inexpensive
110. Evaluation Approaches and Methods
Method Usability
testing
Field
studies
Predictive
Observing x x
Asking
users
x x
Asking
experts
x x
Testing x
Modeling x
111. DECIDE:
A framework to guide evaluation
• Determine the goals the evaluation addresses.
• Explore the specific questions to be answered.
• Choose the evaluation paradigm and techniques to
answer the questions.
• Identify the practical issues.
• Decide how to deal with the ethical issues.
• Evaluate, interpret and present the data.
113. Pilot Studies
• A small trial run of the main study.
• Can identify majority of issues with interface design
• Pilot studies check:
- that the evaluation plan is viable
- you can conduct the procedure
- that interview scripts, questionnaires,
experiments, etc. work appropriately
• Iron out problems before doing the main study.
114. Controlled Experiments
• Designer of a controlled experiment should
carefully consider:
• proposed hypothesis
• selected subjects
• measured variables
• experimental methods
• data collection
• data analysis
115. Subjects
• The choice of subjects is critical to the validity of the
results of an experiment
• subjects group should represent expected user population
expected user population
• Consider subject factors such as:
• age group, education, skills, culture, technology background
• The sample size should be large enough (10+) to be
statistically representative of the user population
116. Hypothesis and Variables
• Hypothesis: prediction of the experiment outcome
• Experiments manipulate and measure variables
under controlled conditions
• There are two types of variables
• independent: variables that are manipulated to create
different experimental conditions
• e.g. number of items in menus, colour of the icons
• dependent: variables that are measured to find out the
effects of changing the independent variables
• e.g. speed of menu selection, speed of locating icons
117. Experimental Methods
• It is important to select the right experimental method so
that the results of the experiment can be generalized
• There are mainly two experimental methods
• between-groups: each subject is assigned to one
experimental condition
• within-groups: each subject performs under all
the different conditions
118. Experimental Methods
Randomly
assigned
Statistical data analysis
Experimentaltask
Condition
2
Condition
3
Condition
1
Subjects
data data data
Between-
groups
Randomly
assigned
Statistical data analysis
Subjects
data data data
Within-
groups
Experimentaltasks
Condition
2
Condition
3
Condition
1
Experimentaltasks
Condition
1
Condition
3
Condition
2
Experimentaltasks
Condition
1
Condition
2
Condition
3
119. Data Collection and Analysis
• The choice of a method is dependent on the type
of data that needs to be collected
• In order to test a hypothesis the data has to be
analysed using a statistical method
• The choice of a statistical method depends on the
type of collected data
• All the decisions about an experiment should be
made before the experiment is carried out
120. Data Types
• Subjective (Qualitative)
• Subjective survey
• Likert Scale, condition rankings
• Observations
• Think Aloud
• Interview responses
• Objective (Quantitative)
• Performance measures
• Time, accuracy, errors
• Process measures
• Video/audio analysis
How easy was the task
1 2 3 4 5
Not very easy Very easy
121. Example: VR Navigation using Head Tilt
• CHI 2017 paper from Tregillus, Al Zayer, and Folmer
• Problem
• Navigation in mobile VR difficult due to limited input options
• Solution
• Use head tilt to provide simulated joystick input
Tregillus, S., Al Zayer, M., & Folmer, E. (2017, May). Handsfree Omnidirectional VR
Navigation using Head Tilt. In Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human
Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 4063-4068). ACM.
122. Implementation
• Calculate head tilt angle
• Difference between vertical head vector and gravity vector
• Once head tilt is greater than threshold, move forward
• However using head tilt alone prevents looking around
• Head tilt navigation triggered when walking detected (from IMU)
• Implemented in Unity and Google Cardboard SDK/Viewer
124. User Study
• Goal: To compare head tilt input to joystick input
for navigation in mobile VR
• Conditions
• TILT: Head tilt input only
• WIP-TILT: Head tilt + using walking to trigger tilt input
• Joystick: Joystick input
• Measures
• Quantitative: Performance time, Number of obstacles hit
• Qualitative: Simulator sickness (SSQ), user preferences
125. Experiment Design
• 25 Subjects (6 female, 19 male)
• Within subjects design
• All subjects do all conditions
• Experience conditions in counterbalanced order
• For each condition
• Training then navigate through 5 virtual corridors
• At end of condition take SSQ survey
• Rate condition on Likert scale for efficiency, accuracy, etc.
• After all conditions
• Interview subjects for more feedback
126. Results: Performance, Sickness
• Performance time, Obstacles hit, SSQ sickness scores
• Use one way ANOVA test for significance between conditions
• TILT significantly faster and more accurate than WIP-TILT, joystick
• No significant difference between sickness scores
• Using p < 0.05 significance
127. Results: User Preference
• One way ANOVA comparing Likert scores (1 – 7)
• significant diff. between TILT and WIP-TILT for efficiency, learnability,
errors, likeability and immersion
• significant diff. between TILT and joystick for learnability and immersion
128. Discussion
• TILT
• Performed fastest because user didn’t need to walk in place
• Liked condition best, except for immersion
• TILT not ideal for VR applications where user needs to look around
• WIP-TILT
• Slower than TILT, more difficult to learn due to walking
• User felt most immersive due to proprioceptive input
• Shows that head tilt could be viable input for mobile VR
129. Lessons Learned About Expt. Design
• Decide on type of experiment
• Within subject vs. between subject
• Have well designed task with measurable outcomes
• Use both qualitative and quantitative measures
• Performance + user preference
• Have enough subjects for significant results
• Use the appropriate statistics
• Compare conditions + perform post hoc analysis
• Provide subject training on task
• Observe user behavior and interview subjects
131. Conclusion
• Interaction Design methods can be used to develop
effective Virtual Realty interfaces
• Needs Analysis
• Several methods available for determining user needs
• Design
• Use metaphors and affordances, good UI guidelines
• Prototyping
• Many rapid prototyping tools available
• Evaluation
• Use multiple methods for best evaluation