1. PRESENTATION ON
CNS & DME
AT
AIRPORT AUTHORITY OF INDIA, RANCHI
SUBMITTED BY:-
DIMPY SONOWAL(JV-B/10/1715)
KUNUR K BAXLA(JV-B/10/1761)
KOTHARE NITISHA(JV-B/10/1660)
NIDHI P TIGGA(JV-B/10/1702)
NINGAM WANGSA(JV-B/10/1716)

2.  INTRODUCTION TO BMA
 WHAT IS CNS?
 CNS FACILITIES
 VHF COMMUNICATION
 RADIO WAVES CLASSIFICATION (USEN IN CNS EQUIPMENTS)
 AMSS
 ILS
 DME
 DME USING ULTRASONIC WAVES(PROJECT)

3.  The Airport is located at Ranchi,
Jharkhand. The airport is named as
Birsa Munda who was a tribal
leader during the British Raj making
him an important figure in Indian
independence movement .
 Birsa Munda Airport is a public
domestic airport serving the city of
Ranchi, Jharkhand, India and is
managed by the
Airports Authority of India.
 ICAO (International civil aviation
organization)is specialized authority.
It was formed in 4th
april 1947. Its
headquarter is located in Quartier
Internationale of Montreal, Quebec,
Canada.

4. Communication, Navigation and Surveillance are three main
functions(domains) which constitute the foundation of Air Traffic
Management(ATM) infrastructure.
 Communication: Communication is the exchange of voice and data
information between the pilot and air traffic controller of flight information
centres.
 Navigation: Navigation element of CNS/ATM system is meant to provide
accurate reliable and seamless position determination capability to
aircrafts.
 Surveillance: The Surveillance systems can be divided into two main types :-
dependent surveillance and independent surveillance.

5. 1.Communication Facilities
 VHF
 AMSS
 DVTR
 DATIS
2.Navigational Facilities
 NDB
 VOR
 ILS
 DME

6. 3.Security Equipments
 HHMD & DFMD
 X-Ray Baggage System
 CCTV

7.  Function:
It permits voice and data communication for line of sight distances
(distances aren’t too long and not overseas).
 Operating frequency:
From 118 to 156 MHZ with channel spacing 25 KHZ.
Practically, the VHF range from 118 to 136.750 MHz
 No. of VHF systems on A/C:
3 VHFs, VHF 3 used for ACARS system.

8. Sunday, March 15, 2015
VHF2 ANTENNA
VHF3 ANTENNA
VHF1 ANTENNA
VHF ANTENNAS

10. The AMSS is a computer based system, centred on the AFTN for exchange of
Aeronautical messages by means of auto switching for distribution of messages
to its destination(s), which works on store and forward principle.
AMSS has four major areas –
 System
 Switching
 Messages
 Automation

11.  The Instrument Landing System (ILS) provides a means for safe landing of
aircraft at airports under conditions of limited visibility.
 The ILS also increases the traffic handling capacity of the airport under all
weather conditions.
Components of ILS-
1. Localizer
2. Glide Path
3. DME

12.  Distance Measuring Equipment is a vital navigational Aid, which shall provide
for continuous and accurate indication in the cockpit of the slant range of an
equipped aircraft from an equipped ground reference point.
 There are two modes of aircraft interrogations. These are called Search and
Track.
 The range in nautical miles between the aircraft and the transponder is obtained
by the formula :
Total time (Usec)
 Range = ---------------------------
12.36
 Where 12.36 usec is the time taken by the pulse to travel one nautical mile to
and fro.

14. This ultrasonic distance detector comprising AC power supply, ultrasonic module
make use of a pair of matched ultrasonic piezo ceramic transducers operating at
around 40 kHz each modulated by fixed length tone bursts being fed to the
microcontroller.
Ultrasonic receiver is used in getting reflected burst signals from the object ahead
to calculate the distance by taking into consideration the velocity of sound by a
program fed to the microcontroller to show the distance of the object.
Here microcontroller used is of 8051 family which is of 8bit. The distance is
displayed at a LCD interfaced to the microcontroller.
DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT (ABSTRACT)

15. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

16.  It is a smaller computer
 Has on-chip RAM, ROM, I/O ports...
RAM ROM
I/O
Port
Timer
Serial
COM
Port
Microcontroller
CPU
A single chip

17.  8K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash Memory
 Endurance: 10,000 Write/Erase Cycles
 4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range
 Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 33 MHz
 256 x 8-bit Internal RAM
 32 Programmable I/O Lines
 Three 16-bit Timer/Counters
 Eight Interrupt Sources
 Interrupt Recovery from Power-down Mode
 Watchdog Timer

19. ULTRASONIC TRANSMITTER AND RECIVER
Ultrasonic sensors (also known as transceivers)
work on a principle similar to radar or sonar which
evaluate attributes of a target by interpreting the
echoes from radio or sound waves respectively.
Ultrasonic sensors generate high frequency
sound waves and evaluate the echo which is
received back by the sensor.

20. Ultrasonic generators use piezoelectric materials such as zinc or lead zirconium
tartrates or quartz crystal.
The material thickness decides the resonant frequency when mounted and
excited by electrodes attached on either side of it.
The medical scanners used for abdomen or heart ultrasound are designed at 2.5
MHz. In this circuit, a 40 kHz transducer is used for object detection in the air
medium.

21. LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY (LCD)
Most common LCDs connected to the microcontrollers are 16x2 and
20x2 displays.
This means 16 characters per line by 2 lines and 20 characters per line
by 2 lines, respectively.
The standard is referred to as HD44780U, which refers to the controller
chip which receives data from an external source (and communicates
directly with the LCD.

22. THANKYOU
THANK YOU!