1. TRAINING REPORT
ON AIRPORT
AUTHORITY OF
INDIA(A.A.I)

2. AIRPORT AUTHORITY OF INDIA
• AAI IS AN ORGANISATION WORKING UNDER THE
MINISTERY OF CIVIL AVIATIONS.
• It came into existense in 1st april 1995.
• Airport –
1.International
2.National (domestic)
 126 AIRPORT
 11 INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
 89 DOMESTIC AIRPORT
 26 CIVIL ENCLAVE

3. MAIN FUNCTION OF AAI
 CNS COMMUNICATION,NAVIGATION,SURVIELLANCE
 AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
 MAINTAINENCE OF PASSENGER TERMINALS
 CARGO TERMINAL AT INTERNATIONAL AND
DOMESTIC

4. DEPARTMENTS UNDER A.A.I.
THERE ARE 2 DEPARTMETS UNDER A.A.I.
1.CNS DEPTT
CNS STANDS FOR COMMUNICATION ,
NAVIGATION AND SURVEILLANCE
2.ATM DEPTT
ATM STANDS FOR AIR TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

5. C.N.S

6. SURVEILLANCE
CNS
COMMUNICATION
NAVIGATIONAL
AIDS

7. COMMUNICATION

8. COMMUNICATION (V.H.F )
COMMUMNICATION IS DONE
THROUGH VHF(VERY HIGH FREQUENCY
RANGE)
THE RANGE OF VHF IS 30MHZ TO 300
MHZ
IT IS A TYPE OF LINE OF SIGHT
COMMUNICATION
MODULATION TECHNIQUE USED IS
AMPLITUDE MODULATION

9. V.H.F
• 3 BASIC COMPONENTS REQUIRED FOR V.H.F
COMMUNICATION ARE :
1. TRANSMITTER
2. RECEIVER
3. ANTENNAS

10. V.H.F
TRANSMITTER
• VHF TRANSMITTER HAVE 2 TRASMITTERS IN A
SINGLE EQUIPMENT .
• 1ST TRANSMITTER IS ON AIR WHILE OTHER IS
ON STANDBY .
• 2ND TRANMITTER IS ON HOT STANDBY i.e. THE
TRANSMITTER IS IN ON STATE BUT NOT IN USE.

11. VHF TRANSMITTER
S.NO
Description
Function
1
LEDs (green, red)
PSU module status
2
LEDs (green, red)
TX/PA module status
3
LEDs (green, red,
yellow)
BB module status
4
LCD Display 2x10
digits
Display on Control
Panel
5
Switch
ON/OFF AC switch
6
Switch
ON/OFF DC switch
7
Mini-DIN 8-pin
connector
Test connector.
8
RP17
Headset/
Microphone
connector.
9
Four control keys
Keyboard on Control
Panel
The DT100 equipment can operate
in the 108 to 156 MHz frequency
band.

12. V.H.F
RECEIVER
• V.H.F RECEIVER ALSO HAVE 2 RECEIVERS IN A
SINGLE EQUIPMENT .
• 1ST RECEIVER IS ON AIR WHILE 2ND IS ON HOT
STANDBY FOR USE IN EMERGENCY.

13. VHF RECEIVER
S.NO
Description
Function
1
LEDs (green, red)
RX module status
2
LEDs (green, red,
yellow)
BB module status
3
LCD Display 2x10
digits
Display on Control
Panel
4
Mini-DIN 8-pin
connector
Test connector
5
RP17
Headset/Microphon
e connector
6
Four control keys
Keyboard on
Control Panel
The DR100 equipment can operate in
the 108 to 156 MHz frequency band.

14. V.H.F
• ANTENNAS
2 TYPE OF ANTENNAS ARE USED :
1. DIRECTIVE ANTENNA
2. OMNI-DIRECTIONAL ANTENNA

15. DIRECTIVE ANTENNA
OMNI DIRECTIONAL
ANTENNA

16. SOME IMPORTANT FACTS
• ALLOTED FREQUENCY FOR V.H.F IS 108-156
MHZ .
• OUT OF IT A.A.I OPERATES IN 117.975 MHZ –
136 MHZ .
• EACH AIRPORT HAS ITS DESIGNATED
FREQUENCY .
• FOR EXAMPLE-SAFDURJUNG AIRPORT
OPERATES AT FREQUENCY 122.3 MHZ .

17. NAVIGATION (NAV-AIDS)

18. NAVIGATIONAL AIDS
 Navigation is the 'ART' of determining the position of an
aircraft over earth's surface and guiding its progress from
one place to another.
 To accomplish this ART, some sort of 'aids' are required by
the PILOTS.
 In the twentieth century, electronics also entered in the
Aviation field. Direction finders and other navigational
aids enabled the navigators to obtain 'Fixes' using
electronic aids only. Hence such aids became more and
more popular and came into extensive use.

19. Navigational Aids used in AAI
 ILS:
 DME:
 NDB:
 VOR:
Instrument Landing System
Distance Measuring Equipment
Non Directional Bearing
VHF OMNI RANGE

20. I.L.S.
INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM CONSIST OF:
LOCALIZER
GLIDE PATH

21. ILS : Instrument Landing System
ILS GP
ILS Localizer
Glide Path

22. LLZ BLDG
Runway
threshold
AIRCRAFT
4 NM
200 ft
3500ft
LLZ ANT
RUN WAY
OM
MM
450ft
1000ft
GP
GP & DME
ANTENNA
1000
to
1500ft
INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM LAYOUT

23. ILS Localizer needle

24. Glide slope Needle

25. INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM
 The Instrument Landing System (ILS) provides a means for
safe landing of aircraft at airports under conditions of low
ceilings and limited visibility.
 The use of the system materially reduces interruptions of
service at airports resulting from bad weather by allowing
operations to continue at lower weather minimums.
 The ILS also increases the traffic handling capacity of the
airport under all weather conditions.

26. INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM
 The function of an ILS is to provide the PILOT or
AUTOPILOT of a landing aircraft with the guidance to and
along the surface of the runway.
 This guidance must be of very high integrity to ensure that
each landing has a very high probability of success.
 The basic philosophy of ILS is that ground installations,
located in the vicinity of the runway, transmit coded signals in
such a manner that pilot is given information indicating
position of the aircraft with respect to correct approach path.

27. DISTANCE MEASURING INSTRUMENT(D.M.E)
Aircraft use DME to determine their distance from a
land-based transponder

28. NDB:NON DIRECTIONAL BEACON
 NDB GIVES THE RELATIVE BEARING.
NDB GIVES THE CLOCKWISE ANGLE BETWEEN THE
NOSE OF AN AIRCRAFT AND THE NDB.
IF I.L.S IS NOT WORKING THEN NDB CAN DO THE TASK.

29. Direction Finder (NDB)
E
W
N
S
NDB

30. VHF OMNI RANGE
VOR EQUIPMENT PROVIDE
ABSOLUTE BEARING
TO AN AIRCRAFT
with respect to
MAGNETIC NORTH
Irrespective of
AIRCRAFT HEADING

31. V.H.F-OMNI RANGE

32. SURVEILLANCE

33. SURVEILLANCE
The act of watching or
monitoring
the behavior
activities, or other changing
information.
Surveillance
may
be
applied to observation from
a distance by means of
electronic equipment.

34. SURVEILLANCE
RADAR
SECURITY EQUIPMENTS

35. RADAR
◙ Radars are employed throughout the
world for the purpose of safely
controlling air traffic en-route and in
the vicinity of airports.
◙ Aircraft as well as vehicular traffic at
large airports are monitored by
means of high-resolution radar.
◙ Radar has also been used to guide
aircraft to a safe landing in bad
weather.

36. SECURITY EQUIPMENT
 HAND HELD METAL DETECTOR.
 DOOR FRAME METAL DETECTOR.
 X-RAY BAGGAGE INSPECTION SYSTEM.
 EXPLOSIVE TRACE DETECTOR.

37. HAND HELD METAL DETECTOR
It is used to find the particular
part of the body at
which any
metal or other related particle is
there.
It operates with chargeable
battery system.

38. DOOR FRAME METAL DETECTOR.
Every passengers has to go
through this frame when any
metal particle is possessed by
passengers.
It gives indication with both
visual and audio aid.

39. X-RAY BAGGAGE INSPECTION
SYSTEM
This system has a single X-ray source sending out
X-rays, typically in the range of 140 to 160 kilovolt
peak (KVP). KVP refers to the amount of
penetration an X-ray makes. The higher the KVP,
the further the X-ray penetrates.
After the X-rays pass through the item, they are
picked up by a detector. This detector then passes the
X-rays on to a filter, which blocks out the lowerenergy X-rays.
The remaining high-energy X-rays hit a second
detector. A computer circuit compares the pick-ups
of the two detectors to better represent low-energy
objects, such as most organic materials.

40. X-RAY BIS

41. AIR TRAFFIC
MANAGEMENT
(A.T.M)

43. ANY
QUERRIES ?