For a college class: Hacking Mobile Devices at CCSF
Based on "The Mobile Application Hacker's Handbook 1st Edition", by Dominic Chell
Instructor: Sam Bowne
More info: https://samsclass.info/128/128_S19.shtml
For a college class: Hacking Mobile Devices at CCSF
Based on "The Mobile Application Hacker's Handbook 1st Edition", by Dominic Chell
Instructor: Sam Bowne
More info: https://samsclass.info/128/128_S19.shtml
For a college class: Hacking Mobile Devices at CCSF
Based on "The Mobile Application Hacker's Handbook 1st Edition", by Dominic Chell
Instructor: Sam Bowne
More info: https://samsclass.info/128/128_S19.shtml
For a college class: Hacking Mobile Devices at CCSF
Based on "The Mobile Application Hacker's Handbook 1st Edition", by Dominic Chell
Instructor: Sam Bowne
More info: https://samsclass.info/128/128_S19.shtml
A lecture for a college class: Hacking Mobile Devices at CCSF
Based on "The Mobile Application Hacker's Handbook 1st Edition", by Dominic Chell
Instructor: Sam Bowne
More info: https://samsclass.info/128/128_S19.shtml
For a college class: Hacking Mobile Devices at CCSF
Based on "The Mobile Application Hacker's Handbook 1st Edition", by Dominic Chell
Instructor: Sam Bowne
More info: https://samsclass.info/128/128_S19.shtml
Based on "The Mobile Application Hacker's Handbook 1st Edition", by Dominic Chell
Instructor: Sam Bowne
More info: https://samsclass.info/128/128_S19.shtml
For a college class: Hacking Mobile Devices at CCSF
Based on "The Mobile Application Hacker's Handbook 1st Edition", by Dominic Chell
Instructor: Sam Bowne
More info: https://samsclass.info/128/128_S19.shtml
For a college class: Hacking Mobile Devices at CCSF
Based on "The Mobile Application Hacker's Handbook 1st Edition", by Dominic Chell
Instructor: Sam Bowne
More info: https://samsclass.info/128/128_S19.shtml
For a college class: Hacking Mobile Devices at CCSF
Based on "The Mobile Application Hacker's Handbook 1st Edition", by Dominic Chell
Instructor: Sam Bowne
More info: https://samsclass.info/128/128_S19.shtml
A lecture for a college class: Hacking Mobile Devices at CCSF
Based on "The Mobile Application Hacker's Handbook 1st Edition", by Dominic Chell
Instructor: Sam Bowne
More info: https://samsclass.info/128/128_S19.shtml
For a college class: Hacking Mobile Devices at CCSF
Based on "The Mobile Application Hacker's Handbook 1st Edition", by Dominic Chell
Instructor: Sam Bowne
More info: https://samsclass.info/128/128_S19.shtml
Based on "The Mobile Application Hacker's Handbook 1st Edition", by Dominic Chell
Instructor: Sam Bowne
More info: https://samsclass.info/128/128_S19.shtml
The document discusses attacking iOS applications by exploiting their runtime environment and interprocess communication capabilities. It covers method swizzling to instrument the Objective-C runtime, using Cydia Substrate to inject code into apps, and attacking entry points like UIWebViews, file handling routines, and application extensions to achieve code injection. The goal is to demonstrate how the iOS runtime can be leveraged to bypass protections and potentially pivot to internal networks in some cases.
This document discusses exploiting Android devices through practical physical and remote attacks. It covers bypassing lock screens through USB debugging bugs, removing key files, and abusing application issues. It also discusses exploiting browser vulnerabilities through JavaScript interfaces. Remote attacks include browser and PDF viewer exploits that can lead to privilege escalation and maintaining root access through a custom su binary. Man-in-the-middle exploits through wireless networking are also mentioned.
This document discusses techniques for attacking Android applications, including accessing storage and logging, exploiting insecure communications, and other vectors. Specifically, it covers accessing application data stored on the device or SD card, intercepting network traffic, exploiting flaws in how applications implement security like SSL validation, manipulating the runtime using tools like Frida to change app behavior, and more. The goal is to summarize the key topics and techniques discussed for attacking the security of Android applications.
For a college class: Hacking Mobile Devices at CCSF
Based on "The Mobile Application Hacker's Handbook 1st Edition", by Dominic Chell
Instructor: Sam Bowne
More info: https://samsclass.info/128/128_S19.shtml
This document discusses analyzing Android applications and reverse engineering. It covers generic exploit mitigation protections, rooting explained, and reverse engineering applications. For rooting, it discusses using exploits or an unlocked bootloader. For reverse engineering applications, it discusses pulling the APK from a phone, disassembling with tools like apktool, scanning for vulnerabilities, modifying the code with tools like Jadx, and repacking/signing the APK.
This document discusses iOS application penetration testing from the perspective of a penetration tester. It begins with an overview of iOS applications and the iOS monoculture, covering code signing, sandboxing, and encryption. It then discusses various techniques a penetration tester may use, including checking compile options, exploiting URL schemes, analyzing insecure data storage in databases, property lists, keyboard caches, image caches, and error logs. It also covers runtime analysis using tools like Clutch, Class-Dump-Z, and Cycript to decrypt binaries, dump classes, and interact with running apps. Examples are provided of potential attacks against apps that involve bypassing locks, extracting hardcoded keys, or injecting malicious code. Defense techniques are also briefly explained.
OWASP Melbourne - Introduction to iOS Application Penetration Testingeightbit
This document provides an introduction to iOS application penetration testing. It discusses setting up an iOS penetration testing environment, including jailbreaking a test device and installing necessary software tools. It also provides an overview of iOS and Objective-C, covering key security features of iOS like sandboxing, ASLR, code signing, and data encryption. Topics to be covered include assessing data security, binary analysis, runtime manipulation, and evaluating authentication, session management, and transport security.
This document provides an overview and outline for a presentation on advanced iOS hacking and forensic techniques. It introduces the presenters Ömer Coşkun and Mark de Groot and their backgrounds in security. The motivation for the talk is discussed, including analyzing iOS security mechanisms, automating mobile penetration tests, and the increasing focus on mobile device surveillance and security as applications handle more sensitive data. An overview of the iOS security architecture is provided, along with details on application sandboxing, file system encryption, and application reverse engineering techniques. The document outlines topics on iOS application static and dynamic analysis, hunting for private keys, penetration testing iOS apps, intercepting application communications, using Burp Suite to automate testing, and developing iOS rootkits.
Yow connected developing secure i os applicationsmgianarakis
This document provides an overview of how to design secure iOS applications. It discusses the iOS application attack surface and common security issues, including binary and runtime security issues. It outlines secure iOS application design principles such as not trusting the client/runtime environment and not storing sensitive data on devices. It then discusses specific techniques for implementing binary and runtime security, such as adding anti-debugging controls, jailbreak detection, and address space validation. It also covers securing memory and the importance of transport layer security.
This document discusses various techniques for writing secure Android apps, including minimizing the app's attack surface, securing activities, content providers, and communications. It covers essential security mechanisms like permission protection and fragment attacks. Advanced techniques include protection level downgrade checking, adding request tokens to non-exported components, and ways to slow down reverse engineering like obfuscation, root detection, emulator detection, and tamper detection.
This document provides an overview of setting up an iOS penetration testing environment and common techniques for analyzing iOS applications. It discusses jailbreaking a device and installing useful tools. It also covers understanding the iOS file system and Objective-C runtime, using tools like Cycript and class-dump-z to enable runtime analysis and manipulation. The document describes insecure data storage techniques like plist files, NSUserDefaults, and CoreData that store unencrypted data. It also discusses analyzing network traffic and automated testing.
This document provides an agenda for a training on iOS application penetration testing. It covers topics such as setting up an iOS pen testing environment, understanding the iOS filesystem and Objective-C runtime, runtime analysis and manipulation, insecure data storage, analyzing network traffic, jailbreak detection, secure coding guidelines, and automated testing. Tools discussed include class-dump-z, cycript, clutch, and gdb for analyzing iOS applications.
Ruxmon April 2014 - Introduction to iOS Penetration Testingeightbit
The document provides an introduction to iOS application penetration testing. It discusses setting up a testing environment including jailbreaking a device and installing tools. It covers assessing data security issues like insecurely stored data and background snapshots. Topics to be covered include binary analysis, runtime manipulation, transport security, and other testing like authentication and sessions.
This document provides a crash course on runtime hacking of iOS applications. It discusses setting up the necessary environment, mapping out an application by decrypting and dumping binaries to obtain class information. It then demonstrates how to retrieve sensitive variables like credentials by directly accessing them at runtime using Cycript. Finally, it shows how functions can be manipulated to bypass security checks or modify application behavior persistently through injection.
For a college class: Hacking Mobile Devices at CCSF
Based on "The Mobile Application Hacker's Handbook 1st Edition", by Dominic Chell
Instructor: Sam Bowne
More info: https://samsclass.info/128/128_S19.shtml
For a college class: Hacking Mobile Devices at CCSF
Based on "The Mobile Application Hacker's Handbook 1st Edition", by Dominic Chell
Instructor: Sam Bowne
More info: https://samsclass.info/128/128_S19.shtml
This document summarizes key topics from Part 2 of a course on analyzing Android applications, including code signing, application permissions, the application sandbox model, and filesystem encryption. It discusses how Android validates application signatures but does not verify certificates are from a trusted authority. It also describes the different permission protection levels and limitations of the application sandbox and filesystem encryption.
This document discusses exploiting Android devices through practical physical and remote attacks. It covers bypassing lock screens through USB debugging bugs, removing key files, and abusing application issues. Remote exploits discussed include browser and application memory corruption, JavaScript interface attacks, and maintaining privileged access through "minimal su". The document also mentions man-in-the-middle exploits and privilege escalation techniques.
This document provides an overview of analyzing iOS apps, including jailbreaking mobile devices. It discusses iOS security features like code signing and sandboxing. It explains how to set up a test environment for analyzing apps by jailbreaking a device and using Unix tools. Key files like property lists and databases that can be explored are also outlined.
Attacking and Defending Apple iOS DevicesTom Eston
IT loves to use Apple iPhones and iPads, but hates supporting them. For most environments, they represent the exception, and are not subject to standard corporate controls. The reason the exception is allowed is usually the fact that the CEO bought an iPhone and iPad the day they were released, and then quickly filled them with sensitive corporate data. With their portability and popularity, it is only a matter of time before one of these devices ends up missing. How worried should you be? This presentation will cover the latest real-world attack techniques for compromising Apple’s iOS devices, introduce a new assessment methodology that can be used by penetration testers, and discuss the latest defensive techniques for securely deploying iOS devices within your enterprise.
The document discusses attacking iOS applications by exploiting their runtime environment and interprocess communication capabilities. It covers method swizzling to instrument the Objective-C runtime, using Cydia Substrate to inject code into apps, and attacking entry points like UIWebViews, file handling routines, and application extensions to achieve code injection. The goal is to demonstrate how the iOS runtime can be leveraged to bypass protections and potentially pivot to internal networks in some cases.
This document discusses exploiting Android devices through practical physical and remote attacks. It covers bypassing lock screens through USB debugging bugs, removing key files, and abusing application issues. It also discusses exploiting browser vulnerabilities through JavaScript interfaces. Remote attacks include browser and PDF viewer exploits that can lead to privilege escalation and maintaining root access through a custom su binary. Man-in-the-middle exploits through wireless networking are also mentioned.
This document discusses techniques for attacking Android applications, including accessing storage and logging, exploiting insecure communications, and other vectors. Specifically, it covers accessing application data stored on the device or SD card, intercepting network traffic, exploiting flaws in how applications implement security like SSL validation, manipulating the runtime using tools like Frida to change app behavior, and more. The goal is to summarize the key topics and techniques discussed for attacking the security of Android applications.
For a college class: Hacking Mobile Devices at CCSF
Based on "The Mobile Application Hacker's Handbook 1st Edition", by Dominic Chell
Instructor: Sam Bowne
More info: https://samsclass.info/128/128_S19.shtml
This document discusses analyzing Android applications and reverse engineering. It covers generic exploit mitigation protections, rooting explained, and reverse engineering applications. For rooting, it discusses using exploits or an unlocked bootloader. For reverse engineering applications, it discusses pulling the APK from a phone, disassembling with tools like apktool, scanning for vulnerabilities, modifying the code with tools like Jadx, and repacking/signing the APK.
This document discusses iOS application penetration testing from the perspective of a penetration tester. It begins with an overview of iOS applications and the iOS monoculture, covering code signing, sandboxing, and encryption. It then discusses various techniques a penetration tester may use, including checking compile options, exploiting URL schemes, analyzing insecure data storage in databases, property lists, keyboard caches, image caches, and error logs. It also covers runtime analysis using tools like Clutch, Class-Dump-Z, and Cycript to decrypt binaries, dump classes, and interact with running apps. Examples are provided of potential attacks against apps that involve bypassing locks, extracting hardcoded keys, or injecting malicious code. Defense techniques are also briefly explained.
OWASP Melbourne - Introduction to iOS Application Penetration Testingeightbit
This document provides an introduction to iOS application penetration testing. It discusses setting up an iOS penetration testing environment, including jailbreaking a test device and installing necessary software tools. It also provides an overview of iOS and Objective-C, covering key security features of iOS like sandboxing, ASLR, code signing, and data encryption. Topics to be covered include assessing data security, binary analysis, runtime manipulation, and evaluating authentication, session management, and transport security.
This document provides an overview and outline for a presentation on advanced iOS hacking and forensic techniques. It introduces the presenters Ömer Coşkun and Mark de Groot and their backgrounds in security. The motivation for the talk is discussed, including analyzing iOS security mechanisms, automating mobile penetration tests, and the increasing focus on mobile device surveillance and security as applications handle more sensitive data. An overview of the iOS security architecture is provided, along with details on application sandboxing, file system encryption, and application reverse engineering techniques. The document outlines topics on iOS application static and dynamic analysis, hunting for private keys, penetration testing iOS apps, intercepting application communications, using Burp Suite to automate testing, and developing iOS rootkits.
Yow connected developing secure i os applicationsmgianarakis
This document provides an overview of how to design secure iOS applications. It discusses the iOS application attack surface and common security issues, including binary and runtime security issues. It outlines secure iOS application design principles such as not trusting the client/runtime environment and not storing sensitive data on devices. It then discusses specific techniques for implementing binary and runtime security, such as adding anti-debugging controls, jailbreak detection, and address space validation. It also covers securing memory and the importance of transport layer security.
This document discusses various techniques for writing secure Android apps, including minimizing the app's attack surface, securing activities, content providers, and communications. It covers essential security mechanisms like permission protection and fragment attacks. Advanced techniques include protection level downgrade checking, adding request tokens to non-exported components, and ways to slow down reverse engineering like obfuscation, root detection, emulator detection, and tamper detection.
This document provides an overview of setting up an iOS penetration testing environment and common techniques for analyzing iOS applications. It discusses jailbreaking a device and installing useful tools. It also covers understanding the iOS file system and Objective-C runtime, using tools like Cycript and class-dump-z to enable runtime analysis and manipulation. The document describes insecure data storage techniques like plist files, NSUserDefaults, and CoreData that store unencrypted data. It also discusses analyzing network traffic and automated testing.
This document provides an agenda for a training on iOS application penetration testing. It covers topics such as setting up an iOS pen testing environment, understanding the iOS filesystem and Objective-C runtime, runtime analysis and manipulation, insecure data storage, analyzing network traffic, jailbreak detection, secure coding guidelines, and automated testing. Tools discussed include class-dump-z, cycript, clutch, and gdb for analyzing iOS applications.
Ruxmon April 2014 - Introduction to iOS Penetration Testingeightbit
The document provides an introduction to iOS application penetration testing. It discusses setting up a testing environment including jailbreaking a device and installing tools. It covers assessing data security issues like insecurely stored data and background snapshots. Topics to be covered include binary analysis, runtime manipulation, transport security, and other testing like authentication and sessions.
This document provides a crash course on runtime hacking of iOS applications. It discusses setting up the necessary environment, mapping out an application by decrypting and dumping binaries to obtain class information. It then demonstrates how to retrieve sensitive variables like credentials by directly accessing them at runtime using Cycript. Finally, it shows how functions can be manipulated to bypass security checks or modify application behavior persistently through injection.
For a college class: Hacking Mobile Devices at CCSF
Based on "The Mobile Application Hacker's Handbook 1st Edition", by Dominic Chell
Instructor: Sam Bowne
More info: https://samsclass.info/128/128_S19.shtml
For a college class: Hacking Mobile Devices at CCSF
Based on "The Mobile Application Hacker's Handbook 1st Edition", by Dominic Chell
Instructor: Sam Bowne
More info: https://samsclass.info/128/128_S19.shtml
This document summarizes key topics from Part 2 of a course on analyzing Android applications, including code signing, application permissions, the application sandbox model, and filesystem encryption. It discusses how Android validates application signatures but does not verify certificates are from a trusted authority. It also describes the different permission protection levels and limitations of the application sandbox and filesystem encryption.
This document discusses exploiting Android devices through practical physical and remote attacks. It covers bypassing lock screens through USB debugging bugs, removing key files, and abusing application issues. Remote exploits discussed include browser and application memory corruption, JavaScript interface attacks, and maintaining privileged access through "minimal su". The document also mentions man-in-the-middle exploits and privilege escalation techniques.
This document provides an overview of analyzing iOS apps, including jailbreaking mobile devices. It discusses iOS security features like code signing and sandboxing. It explains how to set up a test environment for analyzing apps by jailbreaking a device and using Unix tools. Key files like property lists and databases that can be explored are also outlined.
Attacking and Defending Apple iOS DevicesTom Eston
IT loves to use Apple iPhones and iPads, but hates supporting them. For most environments, they represent the exception, and are not subject to standard corporate controls. The reason the exception is allowed is usually the fact that the CEO bought an iPhone and iPad the day they were released, and then quickly filled them with sensitive corporate data. With their portability and popularity, it is only a matter of time before one of these devices ends up missing. How worried should you be? This presentation will cover the latest real-world attack techniques for compromising Apple’s iOS devices, introduce a new assessment methodology that can be used by penetration testers, and discuss the latest defensive techniques for securely deploying iOS devices within your enterprise.
Pentesting iPhone Applications - It mainly focuses on the techniques and the tools that will help security testers while assessing the security of iPhone applications.
Fore more info visit - http://www.securitylearn.net
This document discusses security models for mobile platforms and detecting malware in the Google Play Store. It describes the security models of iOS and Android platforms, including sandboxing of apps, permissions, and code signing. It then covers different techniques for detecting malware in the Play Store, such as signature-based detection, behavior-based detection, permission analysis, and cloud-based scanning using services like Bouncer.
This document summarizes an inter-process audio talk given at CocoaHeads Stockholm 2016. It introduces inter-process audio and discusses options for implementing real-time and offline audio processing between apps on iOS. Real-time options include Core MIDI, Audiobus, Inter-App Audio, and Audio Units. Offline options include using the pasteboard, AudioCopy/Paste, and file sharing. Challenges of implementation include thin documentation, cryptic errors, platform bugs, and functionality breaking with OS updates.
This slide briefs about various tools & techniques used to extract unprotected data from iOS apps. You can extract resource files, database files, get data in runtime using various methods. In my next slides I will brief about the ways to secure your iOS apps.
How iOS and Android Handle Security WebinarDenim Group
The document discusses how iOS and Android handle security for mobile applications. It covers several areas of concern for secure mobile development including application development basics, secure data storage, secure data communication, mobile browsers, SMS/push messaging, and licensing/payments. The document provides an overview of the security capabilities and approaches of both platforms, noting challenges for developers to consider like permissions, encryption, and treating all inputs as untrusted. It recommends that security professionals understand the mobile threat models and that developers learn the platform security features and stay updated on vulnerabilities.
This document discusses smartphone security and analyzing Android apps. It begins with an introduction of the speaker and their background. It then covers topics like decrypting and reverse engineering iPhone apps, the Android architecture and permission model, analyzing HTTP traffic, bypassing lock patterns, and insecure data storage in Android apps. The document promotes analyzing apps to find vulnerabilities and demonstrates a tool called Manifestor.py for app analysis. It encourages standardizing development and stronger security practices to improve smartphone security.
The document provides an overview of evaluating iOS applications from a security perspective. It discusses analyzing iOS apps through blackbox testing, examining how data is stored and protected, investigating the use of protocol handlers and UIWebViews that could lead to vulnerabilities, and reviewing other important aspects like transport security, keychain usage, and injection attacks. The goal is to help penetration testers understand how to evaluate apps and identify potential security issues.
Prem Kumar is a senior security consultant who specializes in web, mobile, and network penetration testing. He has previously presented at security conferences and found vulnerabilities in applications from companies like Facebook, Apple, and Yahoo. The agenda for his talk covers topics like iOS architecture, application structures, types of iOS applications and distribution methods, iOS penetration testing techniques, jailbreaking, and setting up an iOS testing platform. He will demonstrate runtime analysis and penetration testing on real iOS applications.
Beyond the 'cript practical i os reverse engineering lasconNino Ho
The aim of this talk is to build a bridge between the mundane methodologies and vulnerabilities that everyone can find (and that are now being defended against), and a new approach that finds additional bugs that require assembly knowledge to discover.
The talk looks at the fundamentals of reversing, a primer on iOS architecture, binary patching, reversing MACH-0 binaries, and ends with some real-world examples involving bypassing jailbreak detection.
This document discusses attacking iOS applications by exploiting vulnerabilities in the iOS runtime, interprocess communication, and through injection attacks. Specifically, it covers instrumenting the iOS runtime using method swizzling, attacking applications using interprocess communication techniques like application extensions, and exploiting entry points like UIWebViews, client-side data stores, and file handling routines to perform injection attacks on iOS apps.
Slides for a college course at City College San Francisco. Based on "Hacking Exposed Mobile: Security Secrets & Solutions", by Bergman, Stanfield, Rouse, Scambray, Geethakumar, Deshmukh, Matsumoto, Steven and Price, McGraw-Hill Osborne Media; 1 edition (July 9, 2013) ISBN-10: 0071817018.
Instructor: Sam Bowne
Class website: https://samsclass.info/128/128_S17.shtml
The document provides information about digital forensics workshops and tools for analyzing cellular devices. It discusses how to analyze data from iPhones using iTunes backups and the iPhone Analyzer tool. It also discusses how to perform logical acquisitions on Android devices using the AF-Logical tool in Santoku Linux by connecting the device via USB and using adb commands. The document provides tips for protecting personal data and security best practices when using public WiFi networks.
The document discusses key differences between developing for mobile versus desktop. Mobile devices are always connected, have limited battery life, and users expect seamless app switching. Developers must consider interruptions and optimize for battery usage. Each mobile app runs in a sandbox and can communicate through URL schemes or by integrating with OS services. Background execution is more limited on iOS but both platforms allow some background activities like downloading content or playing audio. Developers must respect user expectations and not abuse background capabilities.
Никита Корчагин - Introduction to Apple iOS Development.DataArt
This document provides a history of iOS and an introduction to iOS development. It discusses:
- The evolution of iOS from 2007 to the present, including the releases of iPhone OS 1-3, iOS 4-10, and their new features.
- How to get started with iOS development, which requires an Intel-based Mac, Xcode, an Apple developer account, and knowledge of Objective-C or Swift.
- The key differences between desktop and mobile development, such as touchscreens, cameras, location services, and more limited resources on mobile.
- Following Apple's Human Interface Guidelines and designing intuitive user interfaces for different devices.
This document provides a history of iOS and discusses security measures implemented over time. It describes how early versions of iOS had little security but over time Apple added sandboxing, code signing, address space layout randomization, and encryption. The document discusses how jailbreaking allows users to bypass iOS restrictions but makes the device less secure by disabling security features. It also provides examples of attacks like the JailbreakMe 3.0 vulnerability and the iKee worm that targeted jailbroken devices.
Mobile code mining for discovery and exploits nullcongoa2013Blueinfy Solutions
This document discusses mobile code mining for discovery and exploits. It introduces the speaker, Hemil Shah, and provides an overview of mobile infrastructure, apps, and changes in the mobile environment compared to web. It then discusses several mobile attacks including insecure storage, insecure network communication, UI impersonation, activity monitoring, and system modification. It also covers decompiling Android apps and analyzing app code for security issues.
This document provides an introduction and overview of iOS development. It discusses prerequisites including previous programming experience, recommended resources for learning iOS development like Apple's developer site and books, and an introduction to the core concepts of iOS, Objective-C, and the Xcode integrated development environment. It also covers limitations of the iOS simulator and key tools like Instruments for debugging apps.
Similar to CNIT 128 2. Analyzing iOS Applications (Part 1) (20)
The document discusses various topics related to cyberwar including Mastodon, Lockheed-Martin's kill chain model, and Mitre's ATT&CK framework. It notes that China, Russia, Iran, and North Korea pose major cyber threats according to the FBI and CISA. China is described as the broadest cyber espionage threat. Russia conducts destructive malware and ransomware operations. Iran's growing cyber expertise makes it a threat. North Korea's program poses an espionage, cybercrime, and attack threat and continues cryptocurrency heists.
- DNS vulnerabilities can arise from configuration errors, architecture mistakes, vulnerable software implementations, protocol weaknesses, and failure to use security extensions.
- Common mistakes include single points of failure, exposure of internal information, leakage of internal queries, unnecessary recursiveness, failure to restrict access, and unprotected zone transfers.
- Software vulnerabilities have included buffer overflows and flaws in randomization of source ports, transaction IDs, and domain name ordering that enable cache poisoning and man-in-the-middle attacks.
This chapter discusses software development security. It covers topics like programming concepts, compilers and interpreters, procedural vs object-oriented languages, application development methods like waterfall vs agile models, databases, object-oriented design, assessing software vulnerabilities, and artificial intelligence techniques. The key aspects are securing the entire software development lifecycle from initial planning through operation and disposal, using secure coding practices, testing for vulnerabilities, and continually improving processes.
This document provides an overview of elliptic curve cryptography including what an elliptic curve is, the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem (ECDLP), Diffie-Hellman key agreement and digital signatures using elliptic curves. It discusses NIST standard curves like P-256 and Curve25519 as well as choosing appropriate curves and potential issues like attacks if randomness is not properly implemented or an invalid curve is used.
The document discusses the Diffie-Hellman key exchange protocol. It describes how Diffie-Hellman works by having two parties agree on a shared secret over an insecure channel without transmitting the secret itself. It also covers potential issues like using proper cryptographic techniques to derive keys from the shared secret and using safe prime numbers to prevent attacks.
This document discusses various techniques for writing secure Android apps, including minimizing unnecessary permissions and exposure, securing data storage and communication, and making apps difficult to reverse engineer. It provides examples of implementing essential security mechanisms like permission protection and securing activities, content providers, and web views. It also covers more advanced techniques such as protection level downgrades, obfuscation, and tamper detection.
12 Investigating Windows Systems (Part 2 of 3)Sam Bowne
The document discusses investigating Windows systems by analyzing the Windows Registry. It describes the purpose and structure of the Registry, including the main hive files and user-specific hives. It provides an overview of important Registry keys that can contain forensic artifacts, such as system configuration keys, network information keys, user and security information keys, and auto-run keys that can indicate malware persistence. Specific Registry keys and values are highlighted that are most useful for analyzing evidence on a compromised system, including ShellBags, UserAssist, MRU lists, and Internet Explorer TypedURLs and TypedPaths. Tools for Registry analysis like RegRipper, AutoRuns, and Nirsoft utilities are also mentioned.
This document provides an overview of the RSA cryptosystem. It begins with the mathematical foundations of RSA, including the group ZN* and Euler's totient function. It then covers the RSA trapdoor permutation using modular exponentiation and key generation. The document discusses encrypting and signing with RSA, as well as implementations using libraries and algorithms like square-and-multiply. It concludes with topics like side-channel attacks, optimizations for speed, and ways implementations can fail like the Bellcore attack on RSA-CRT.
12 Investigating Windows Systems (Part 1 of 3Sam Bowne
This document provides an overview of analyzing the Windows file system, NTFS metadata, and logs to investigate security incidents and recover deleted files. It discusses the Master File Table (MFT) structure, timestamps, alternate data streams, prefetch files, event logs, and scheduled tasks. The MFT stores file metadata including attributes, timestamps, and data runs. File deletion only marks the MFT entry inactive, allowing recovery of deleted file contents and metadata. Event and security logs can reveal lateral movement and suspicious processes. Prefetch files indicate program execution history. Scheduled tasks configure automated programs through .job files logged by Task Scheduler.
This document discusses computational hardness and complexity classes related to cryptography. It covers the computational complexity of problems like factoring large numbers and the discrete logarithm problem. These problems are assumed to be hard, even for quantum computers, and form the basis for cryptographic techniques. The document also discusses how cryptography could be broken if faster algorithms were found for these problems or if the key sizes used were too small.
This document discusses exploiting vulnerabilities in Android devices. It covers identifying pre-installed apps that could provide access, techniques for remotely or locally exploiting devices, and the different privilege levels an attacker may obtain including non-system app access, installed package access, ADB shell access, system user access, and root user access. Specific exploitation techniques mentioned include exploiting update mechanisms, remote code loading, webviews, listening services, and messaging apps. Tools discussed include Drozer, Ettercap, and Burp.
This document provides an overview of the incident response analysis methodology process. It discusses defining objectives, understanding the situation and available resources, identifying leadership, avoiding impossible tasks like proving a negative, asking why to define scope, knowing where data is stored, accessing raw data, selecting analysis methods like searching for malware or using tools like VirusTotal, manual review, filtering data, statistical analysis using tools like Sawmill, string searching, analyzing unallocated space, and file carving. It stresses periodically evaluating results to ensure progress and only making definitive statements if supported by evidence.
This document discusses authenticated encryption, which both encrypts messages and authenticates them with a tag. It covers several authenticated encryption schemes:
1. Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data (AEAD) which encrypts a plaintext and authenticates additional associated data with a tag.
2. AES-GCM, the standard authenticated cipher, which uses AES in Galois/Counter Mode. It has two layers - encryption then authentication.
3. OCB, faster than GCM but limited by licensing. It blends encryption and authentication into one layer.
4. SIV, considered the safest as it is secure even if nonces are reused, but it is not streamable.
This document summarizes part 2 of a course on attacking Android applications. It discusses how application components like activities and services can be exploited if not properly protected. Specific vulnerabilities in the Sieve password manager application are demonstrated, including insecure content providers, SQL injection, and an insecure file-backed content provider. The document also covers how services and broadcast receivers can be abused if not protected correctly.
This document discusses attacking Android applications through their components. It covers exploiting vulnerabilities in an app's security model, intercepting communications, and compromising application containers or internet servers that apps rely on. Specific attacks examined include bypassing the lock screen, tapjacking, accessing private app data through recently used screenshots, and changing a PIN without knowing the old one using fragment injection. The document provides examples of how to interact with an app's activities, services, content providers and permissions through intents and other techniques.
The document discusses stream ciphers and how they can be implemented in either hardware or software. It describes how stream ciphers work by generating a pseudorandom bitstream from a key and nonce that is XOR'd with the plaintext. Hardware-oriented stream ciphers were initially more efficient to implement than block ciphers using dedicated circuits like LFSRs. However, LFSR-based designs are insecure and modern software-oriented stream ciphers like Salsa20 are more efficient on CPUs. The document cautions that stream ciphers can be broken if the key and nonce are reused or if there are flaws in the implementation.
Live data collection on Windows systems can be done using prebuilt kits like Mandiant Redline or Velociraptor, by creating your own scripted toolkit using built-in and free tools to collect processes, network connections, system logs and other volatile data, while following best practices like testing your methods first and being cautious of malware on investigated systems.
Block ciphers like AES encrypt data in fixed-size blocks and use cryptographic keys and rounds of processing to encrypt the data securely. AES is the current standard, using 128-bit blocks and keys of 128, 192, or 256 bits. Modes of operation like ECB, CBC, CTR are used to handle full messages. ECB is insecure as identical plaintext blocks produce identical ciphertext, while CBC and CTR provide security if nonces and IVs are not reused. Implementation details like padding and side channels must be handled carefully to prevent attacks.
The document summarizes key aspects of the security model for Android applications. It discusses code signing with digital certificates, the permission model and levels of permission protection, the application sandbox design, and filesystem encryption. It also notes some limitations, such as vulnerabilities in code signing, ways for malicious apps to obtain permissions, and that encryption only protects data at rest and not during execution.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Level 3 NCEA - NZ: A Nation In the Making 1872 - 1900 SML.pptHenry Hollis
The History of NZ 1870-1900.
Making of a Nation.
From the NZ Wars to Liberals,
Richard Seddon, George Grey,
Social Laboratory, New Zealand,
Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...indexPub
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
Elevate Your Nonprofit's Online Presence_ A Guide to Effective SEO Strategies...TechSoup
Whether you're new to SEO or looking to refine your existing strategies, this webinar will provide you with actionable insights and practical tips to elevate your nonprofit's online presence.
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
How Barcodes Can Be Leveraged Within Odoo 17Celine George
In this presentation, we will explore how barcodes can be leveraged within Odoo 17 to streamline our manufacturing processes. We will cover the configuration steps, how to utilize barcodes in different manufacturing scenarios, and the overall benefits of implementing this technology.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two HeartsSteve Thomason
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
6. Initializing iOS with
Secure Boot Chain
• Initializing and loading firmware
• Each step is cryptographically signed and
verified
7. Secure Boot Chain
• Boot ROM
• Read-only portion of the processor
• Contains public key for Apple's CA
• Used to verify next step: the LLB
8. Secure Boot Chain
• LLB (Low-Level Bootloader)
• Finds iBoot
• Verifies its signature
• If signature check fails, boots into recovery
mode
9. Secure Boot Chain
• iBoot
• Verifies and loads the iOS kernel
• iOS Kernel
• Loads usermode environment and OS
10. Secure Enclave
• Secure coprocessor shipped with all
modern iPhones and iPads
• Since iPhone 5s
• Handles cryptography on device
• Key management for
• Data Protection API
• Touch ID fingerprint data
11. Secure Enclave
• A customized version of ARM TrustZone
• Partitions itself from main processor
• Provides data integrity even if kernel is
compromised
• Even if device is jailbroken
• Secrets cannot be extracted
• Such as fingerprint data
12. Cachegrab
• Released in Dec. 2017
• Kernel code can deduce some information
about contents of the Secure Enclave
• Because it shares cache memory with
kernel processes
• Link Ch 2a
13. Restricting Application
Processes with Code Signing
• Validates signatures each time an app is
executed
• Only code signed with a trusted signature
can run
• Developers can install trusted certificates
• In a provisioning profile signed by Apple
14. App Store
• Production apps must be signed by Apple
• After submitting them to the App Store
• Apple bans risky activities
• Private APIs
• Apps that download and install
executable code
15. Isolating Apps with
Process-Level Sandboxing
• All third-party apps run in a sandbox
• Isolated from one another and from OS
• All apps run as the same mobile system user
• Each app is contained in its unique
directory
• Separation maintained by the XNU
Sandbox kernel extension
17. Permissions
• Since iOS 7, app needs permission from
user to access
• Media
• Microphone
• Address book
18. Protecting Information with
Data-at-Rest Encryption
• All file system data encrypted with AES
• Filesystem key generated on first boot
• Stored on block 1 of NAND flash storage
• Device decrypts filesystem on bootup
• Filesystem is only encrypted at rest
• Remote wipe erases the key
19. Data Protection API
• Can encrypt individual files and keychain
items
• Key derived from passcode
• Encrypted items are inaccessible when
device is locked
21. Write or Execute (W^X)
• Memory pages cannot be both writable and
executable at the same time
• Implemented with ARM's Execute Never
(XN) feature
• Pages marked as writable cannot be later
reverted to executable
• Similar to Data Execution Protection (DEP)
in Windows, Linux, and Mac OS X
23. ASLR
• Address Space Layout Randomization
• Code location randomized
• Attacker cannot find the injected code to
run it
• Makes ROP chains more difficult to use
24. ASLR Weaknesses
• Before iOS 5, dynamic linker was not relocated
• Memory disclosure bugs
• Can be used to improve exploits
• Apps compiled with PIE (Position Independent
Execution) can use full ASLR
• All memory regions randomized
• Other apps put base binary and dynamic linker
at a fixed address
25. Stack Smashing
• Uses stack canaries
• Pseudorandom values on stack
• Buffer overflow attacks overwrite the
canary values
• And terminate the app
27. Three Groups of Apps
• Standard native apps
• Browser-based apps
• Hybrid apps
28. Standard Native Apps
• Most common type
• Written in Objective-C or Swift
• Compiled to native code
• Linked against iOS SDK and Cocoa Touch
frameworks
29. Browser-Based Apps
• Render in iOS web views
• Loaded via mobileSafari
• Use HTML, JavaScript, and CSS
• Secure them like Web apps
30. Hybrid Apps
• Deployed with a native wrapper
• Used to display browser-based apps
• Mobile Enterprise App Platform deployment
31. Distribution of iOS Apps
• App Store
• Need an Apple Developer account
• Apps signed with a developer certificate
can run on up to 100 iOS devices for
testing
• App store approval has manual and
automated tests
• Blocks malicious apps
32. Distribution of iOS Apps
• Enterprise Distribution
• Organizations can develop and distribute
custom apps in-house
• Apps signed with enterprise developer
certificate can run on any number of devices
• Apple screens developers entering this
program
• Must have a legitimate business and a Dun
and Bradsheet number
33. Abuse of Certificates
• An expired enterprise developer certificate
was used
• By changing system date back to the past
• To run a Game Boy advanced emulator
• For Pangu jailbreak
34. App Structure
• IPA archive is a Zip archive containing
• Payload
• Payload/Application.app
• Data, compiled code, and resources
• iTunesArtwork
• Icon
• iTunesMetadata.plist
• Developer's name, copyright info
35. App Permissions
• Before iOS 6, every app in the App Store
had access to
• Contact, photos, other sensitive data
36. Data Classes in iOS 6
• Location services
• Contacts
• Calendar
• Photos
• Reminders
• Microphone access
• Motion activity
• Bluetooth access
• Social media data
39. iOS 8 Location Information
• Three possible values: app is
• Never allowed access to location
information
• Allowed access only while the app is in
the foreground and in use
• Always allowed access to location
information
41. Reasons for Jailbreaking
• Get apps from unauthorized marketplaces
like Cydia
• Piracy
• Access to restricted functions like tethering
42. Risks
• Weakens security of OS
• Allow unsigned code to run
• Most iOS malware only runs on jailbroken
phones
• iKee - first iPhone worm, rickrolled
phones using default password
• iKee.B - Botted phones, phished Dutch
users
43. • Chinese origin
• Only on jailbroken
phones
• Hooked functions to steal
AppleID and password
44. Types of Jailbreaks
• Untethered - persists across reboots
• Tethered - requires a computer to start the
phone; otherwise you get Recovery Mode
• Semi-tethered - requires a computer to
start into jailbroken state, booting without
the computer ends up in non-jailbroken
state
45. Jailbreakme v3 Saffron
• Simply visit a Web site hosting a PDF file
• Works for iOS before 4.3.4
• Uses:
• Integer signedness issue to gain code
execution
• ROP payload
• Type confusion vulnerability
46. evasi0n Jailbreak
• Worked for iOS 6.0 - 6.1.2
• No memory corruption
• Used bypasses and logic bugs
• Lockdownd service allowed file
permissions to be changed
• USB driver allowed arbitrary functions to
be called
48. Accessing the Phone
• After jailbreaking
• install OpenSSH in Cydia
• Connect via Wi-Fi or USB
• Default credentials are
• mobile / alpine
• root / alpine
49. Toolkit
• Cydia -- open app store
• BigBoss Recommended Tools
• Command-line UNIX tools
• Including apt
50. Apple's CC Tools
• Tools to parse, assemble, and link Mach-O
binaries
• File format for iOS and OSX apps
• Part of the iOS and OS X development
toolchain
• Run on OS X or Linux
51. • otool
• Object file-displaying tool
• All-purpose tool for Mach-O binary analysis
• Reveals class and method names
• Lists libraries, symbols
• Shows header information and load
commands
Apple's CC Tools
52. • nm
• Displays symbol table of a binary or
object file
• lipo
• Can combine or remove architecture
types from an app
Apple's CC Tools
53. Debuggers
• gdb
• Cydia's version doesn't work well on
modern iOS versions
• Radare's version is better
54. Code Signing
• codesign
• Apple's binary-signing tool
• Can also display signatures
• ldid
• Saurik's code-signer
55. Installipa
• Normal app installation uses installd
service
• Verifies code signature
• ipainstaller
• Can install unsigned apps on jailbroken
devices
56. Exploring the Filesystem
• Jailbroken devices allow full access
• Unjailbroken devices allow access to
portions of the filesystem, including
• Sandboxed area where apps are installed
• Must pair to a computer over USB first
• Use apps like iExplorer or iFunBox