This document discusses the agenda and key topics for an upcoming class session on program planning. It covers Caffarella's interactive model of program design, the importance of considering context in the planning process, conducting needs assessments, and ensuring cultural sensitivity. The document outlines different approaches to needs assessment, including strategic, competency-based, and job task analysis. It also provides strategies for making needs assessments and evaluations more culturally sensitive.

1. ADLT 602 – Fall 2010 Program Ideas and Needs Assessment Class Session 4

2. Agenda Where are we with Caffarella’s Interactive Model of Program Design? Paired discussions from Exercises 4.1 and 4.2 in Caffarella text – The Importance of Context in the Planning Process Needs Assessment Discussion Cultural Sensitivity in Conducting Needs Assessments and Designing Evaluations

3. Caffarella’s Interactive Program Planning Model Interactive Model of Program Planning Building a Solid Base of support Identifying Program Ideas Sorting and Prioritizing Program Ideas Developing Program Objectives Designing Instructional Plans Devising Transfer of Learning Plans Formulating Evaluating Plans Making Recommendations and Communicating Results Preparing Budgets and Marketing Plans Coordinating Facilities and On-site Events Discerning the Context Selecting Formats, Schedules, and Staff Needs

4. Discerning the Context Defined as “the human, organizational, and environmental factors that affect the decisions planners make about programs.” People : who should be invited to the planning table? Organization factors : structural, political, and cultural History and traditions, SOPs, who makes decisions Power relations among individuals and groups; coalitions Environmental The social, economic, and political climate

5. Analyzing the Context YOUR Program Planning Project Work with a partner Consider your program planning project for this class and answer these questions: Who else should be invited to YOUR planning table? What are the key contextual issues that need to be taken into consideration? Structural Political Cultural

6. Analyzing the Context YOUR Program Planning Project How do you think power will influence your program planning process in …. Shaping needs? Setting agendas? Determining populations? Making decisions? Allocating resources?

7. Analyzing the Context YOUR Program Planning Project

8. Analyzing the Context YOUR Program Planning Project

9. Needs Assessment/Analysis and Generating Program Ideas

10. What is a Needs Assessment? “ a process for identifying knowledge and skills necessary for achieving organizational goals.” (Brinkerhoff& Gill, 1994) “ a method of finding out the nature and extent of performance problems and how they can be solved.” (Molenda, Pershing, & Reigeluth, 1996)

11. The ADDIE Model Assess, Design, Develop, Implement, Evaluate Assess Needs Prioritize needs Define objectives Develop lesson plans Develop materials Select trainer Select methods and techniques Schedule training Deliver the program or educational intervention Select evaluation criteria Determine evaluation design Conduct evaluation Interpret results

12. Needs Assessment Approaches Strategic Competency-based - KSAOs Job and task analysis Training needs assessment When do you use each one?

13. Strategic / Organizational Needs Assessment Organizational goals Identify areas where organizational goals are not being met Organizational resources Determine resource availability including facilities, materials, expertise within the org Organizational climate Assess readiness of the org climate to influence transfer of training Environmental constraints Identify legal, social, political, and economic issues that might affect training

14. What is a task analysis? Systemic collection of data about a specific job or group of jobs to determine what individuals should be taught to achieve optimal performance

15. KSAOs – What are they? Knowledge – factual knowledge necessary for successful performance Skill – level of proficiency at a task Ability – A more general enduring trait (such as persistence, flexibility) Other characteristics – personality, interests, and attitudes

16. How do you conduct a task analysis? Develop an overall description of what is expected of the individual. Identify each task. Describe what should be done. Describe what is actually done. Describe KSAOs needed. Identify and prioritize areas that can benefit from training.

17. Components of a performance gap What is happening? What should be happening? Cause – Why does the problem exist? Symptoms – What are the effects of the problem? Gap Rothwell and Kazanas

18. Strategies for Collecting Needs Assessment Data Personal and Professional Experience Experts Interviews Focus Groups Observations Standardized Assessment Instruments Locally Constructed Instruments and Procedures Extant Data When do you use each one? How do you communicate the results?

19. In-Class Exercise – to get you started

20. DEVELOPING CULTURAL SENSITIVITY What do we mean by “culture” ?

21. Strategies for Making Needs Assessments (and Evaluations) More Culturally Sensitive

22. Strategies for Making Needs Assessments (and Evaluations) More Culturally Sensitive