This PPT focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of the primary headache disorders, with special emphasis on migraine, the headache most likely to bring patients to physicians and pharmacists. warning signs of the ominous headache, which, although rare, can herald a life-threatening condition. Clinical characteristics of the primary headache types, migraine, tension-type headache, and cluster headache, are described
This PPT focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of the primary headache disorders, with special emphasis on migraine, the headache most likely to bring patients to physicians and pharmacists. warning signs of the ominous headache, which, although rare, can herald a life-threatening condition. Clinical characteristics of the primary headache types, migraine, tension-type headache, and cluster headache, are described
Graves’ disease is a type of autoimmune problem that causes the thyroid gland to produce too much thyroid hormone, which is called hyperthyroidism. Graves’ disease is often the underlying cause of hyperthyroidism.
Interstitial lung disease is a general category that includes many different lung conditions. All interstitial lung diseases affect the interstitium, a part of the lungs' anatomic structure.
Some of the types of interstitial lung disease include:
Interstitial pneumonia: Bacteria, viruses, or fungi may infect the interstitium of the lung. A bacterium called Mycoplasma pneumonia is the most common cause.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis : A chronic, progressive form of fibrosis (scarring) of the interstitium. Its cause is unknown.
Nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis: Interstitial lung disease that's often present with autoimmune conditions (such as rheumatoid arthritis or scleroderma).
Graves’ disease is a type of autoimmune problem that causes the thyroid gland to produce too much thyroid hormone, which is called hyperthyroidism. Graves’ disease is often the underlying cause of hyperthyroidism.
Interstitial lung disease is a general category that includes many different lung conditions. All interstitial lung diseases affect the interstitium, a part of the lungs' anatomic structure.
Some of the types of interstitial lung disease include:
Interstitial pneumonia: Bacteria, viruses, or fungi may infect the interstitium of the lung. A bacterium called Mycoplasma pneumonia is the most common cause.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis : A chronic, progressive form of fibrosis (scarring) of the interstitium. Its cause is unknown.
Nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis: Interstitial lung disease that's often present with autoimmune conditions (such as rheumatoid arthritis or scleroderma).
Headaches and migraines can vary in duration, cause and severity. Many common headaches and migraines can be dealt with over the counter products. Severe headaches and migraines may need to be treated by a doctor
Migraine headaches are a kind of headache and a recognised condition. Migraine headaches can seasoned from less than a few times 1 year, as well as often while 2-3 occasions per week. The particular soreness is usually severe, throbbing along with usually on a single aspect in the mind. The migraine attack can easily very last from several hours nearly days to weeks.
Diagnostic presentation HeadacheUnited States UniversitLinaCovington707
Diagnostic presentation
Headache
United States University
Introduction
Headache is the most common pain in the united states.
Headache means pain or discomfort in the head, face, or neck.
Headache can be caused by inflammation or spasm related to cranial vessels, nerves, or muscles Headache can be primary or secondary. (Dlugasch & Story, 2021)
Classification of headache
Primary headache
Most common, not a symptom of underlying an underlying disease
Benign
Can be recurrent
It mainly occurs early in an individual
Decrease after ages 40 to 50
Migraine
Tension-type headache
Trigeminal autonomic cephalgia
Other primary headache disorders (Rizzoli & Mullally, 2018).
Secondary headache
Caused by an underlying condition
Trauma or injury to the head or neck
Cranial or cervical vascular disease
Nonvascular intracranial disorder
A substance or its withdrawal
Infection
Affliction of homeostasis
Illness of the skull, neck, eyes, ears, nose, sinuses, teeth, mouth, or other facial or cervical structure
Psychiatric disorder (Rizzoli & Mullally, 2018).
The red flag of headache
If an older patient complaint of New headache
Abnormal neurologic examination such as mental status changes and papilledema
If there is any New change in the headache pattern
Intensifying headache
New headache if in case of HIV risk factors, cancer, or an immunocompromised status
Systemic illness signs (e.g., fever, stiff neck, rash)
If precipitate by cough, exertion, Valsalva maneuver
If the Headache in pregnancy or postpartum period
If a patient says it is the First or worst headache of my life (Rizzoli & Mullally, 2018).
Pathophysiology of headache
Stimulation of primary nociceptors
Lesions in the pain-producing pathway of PNS and CNS
Pain producing structure
Scalp
Middle meningeal artery
Dural sinuses
Flax cerebri
Proximal segment of the large pial arteries (Dlugasch & Story, 2020)
Pathophysiology of headache continue
There are no nociceptors in the brain parenchyma
So the pain originates from surrounding structures, such as blood vessels, meninges, muscle fibers, facial structures, and cranial or spinal nerves.
Any stretching, dilatation, constriction, or any nociceptor when they stimulate stimulation structures can cause the perception of headache.
The secondary headache depends on the cause and diseases
( Rosenthal & Burchum, 2021)
migraine headache
Migraine headache is a headache associated with systemic complaints. The person feels a severe throbbing pain or a pulsing sensation, usually on one side of the head, along with nausea, vomiting, and extreme sensitivity to light and sound. The attacks can last for hours to days, and the pain can be severe that it interferes with daily activities (Dlugasch & Story, 2020).
Triggers to migraine headache
Emotional stress
Hormonal change during menstruation
Alcohol intake
Change in weather
Odors
Disturbance in sleep or not getting enough sleep
migraine heada ...
Headache is one of the most common disorders seen to occur in all age groups but much more so in women. Broadly headaches can be classified as Primary and Secondary Headaches disorders. Primary Headache disorders have no apparent causative factor and are thought to be interplay between genetic predisposition and environmental provocative factors. The most common by far is Migraine. Secondary headaches are those that result from a cause e.g. Brain Tumor.