Chordates
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The document discusses nonvertebrate chordates and fish. It states that tunicates and lancelets are the two groups of nonvertebrate chordates. It defines chordates as animals that have a nerve cord, notochord, pharyngeal pouches and a tail extending past the anus. The document also notes that fish are aquatic vertebrates that mostly have paired fins, scales and gills, and that the evolution of jaws and paired fins were important developments for fish. It discusses adaptations for aquatic life in fish and classifies all living fish into three groups: jawless fish, cartilaginous fish, and bony fish based on their internal structure.
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Fish
Fish are cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates that breathe through gills and have fins and scales covering their bodies. They live exclusively in water and extract oxygen from water through their gills. While most fish are ectothermic, one type of fish, the opah or moonfish, has been discovered to be warm-blooded. It generates its own body heat through rapidly flapping fins. Ichthyology is the scientific study of fish, of which over 34,000 species have been identified worldwide, with the majority living in oceans.
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Fish
This document provides an overview of fish classification and types. It discusses the three main classes of fish: Agnatha (jawless fish such as lampreys and hagfish), Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish like sharks and rays), and Osteichthyes (bony fish including over 20,000 species such as salmon and tuna). Key details are provided on characteristics like respiration, circulation, adaptations, and reproduction for the different fish classes. Examples of specific fish species are also mentioned like coelacanth, cichlids, pufferfish, and fugu.
Fish fins
Fins are important appendages that help fish maintain position, move, steer and stop in water. They are composed of bony spines covered in skin and aid with mobility, stability and maneuverability. The main types of fins are paired (pectoral and pelvic) and unpaired (dorsal, caudal, anal). Each fin type has a distinct function in swimming, turning and balancing. Fins have evolved diverse shapes and forms to help fish survive in their environments.
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fishes and fishermans
A fish is defined as any aquatic craniate animal that breathes through gills and lacks limbs with digits. This includes hagfish, lampreys, cartilaginous fish like sharks, and bony fish. Fish first evolved during the Cambrian period as soft-bodied chordates with notochords instead of spines. They diversified greatly during the Paleozoic era, developing armor and jaws. Most fish exchange gases using gills consisting of threadlike filaments with capillaries allowing for countercurrent exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Cetacean mammals
Cetaceans are aquatic mammals that include whales, dolphins, and porpoises. There are two sub-orders: baleen whales, which filter feed and have baleen plates rather than teeth, and toothed whales. Cetaceans are found in all oceans worldwide. They are carnivorous, warm-blooded mammals that give live birth and nurse their young. Major threats include becoming entangled in fishing gear, ship strikes, pollution, and habitat degradation. Conservation efforts aim to protect cetaceans whose populations are at risk.
Pisces classication ppt
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Fish
Fish are cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates that breathe through gills and have fins and scales covering their bodies. They live exclusively in water and extract oxygen from water through their gills. While most fish are ectothermic, one type of fish, the opah or moonfish, has been discovered to be warm-blooded. It generates its own body heat through rapidly flapping fins. Ichthyology is the scientific study of fish, of which over 34,000 species have been identified worldwide, with the majority living in oceans.
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The document discusses the ecology of fish in Galveston Bay, Texas, noting that it supports over 162 species of finfish and contributes one-third of Texas' commercial fishing income, and that fish migrate within the bay for reasons of reproduction and feeding and require suitable habitat conditions to survive.
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This document provides an overview of fish classification and types. It discusses the three main classes of fish: Agnatha (jawless fish such as lampreys and hagfish), Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish like sharks and rays), and Osteichthyes (bony fish including over 20,000 species such as salmon and tuna). Key details are provided on characteristics like respiration, circulation, adaptations, and reproduction for the different fish classes. Examples of specific fish species are also mentioned like coelacanth, cichlids, pufferfish, and fugu.
Fish fins
Fins are important appendages that help fish maintain position, move, steer and stop in water. They are composed of bony spines covered in skin and aid with mobility, stability and maneuverability. The main types of fins are paired (pectoral and pelvic) and unpaired (dorsal, caudal, anal). Each fin type has a distinct function in swimming, turning and balancing. Fins have evolved diverse shapes and forms to help fish survive in their environments.
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fishes and fishermans
A fish is defined as any aquatic craniate animal that breathes through gills and lacks limbs with digits. This includes hagfish, lampreys, cartilaginous fish like sharks, and bony fish. Fish first evolved during the Cambrian period as soft-bodied chordates with notochords instead of spines. They diversified greatly during the Paleozoic era, developing armor and jaws. Most fish exchange gases using gills consisting of threadlike filaments with capillaries allowing for countercurrent exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
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Fish are all members of the phylum Chordata, sub-phylum Vertebrata. Fish are generally spindle-shaped, oval in section, and flattened either sideways or dorsal-ventrally. The skin is covered in protective scales, with some exceptions (lampreys, ocean sunfish). All fins have fins of some sort, all the size, number, and shape vary. Fish breathe through gills, and only a very few have actual lungs. Most fish have a special organ known as a swim bladder that prevents them from sinking, and, in some cases, aids in respiration. The common name "fish" refers to four different classes, depending on the person classifying them (there are numerous different ways to classify fish). Bony fish also have special adaptations that allow them to remain buoyant. A special organ called a swim bladder housed under the bony skeleton is a gas filled chamber that allows the bony fish to remain floating in the water. Some fish have a connection between this organ and the digestive tract to allow the extraction of oxygen. Another special adaptation is the operculum, a flap on each side of the fish that covers the chambers housing the gills. A bony fish is able to breathe without swimming simply by moving the operculum. Other hallmarks of these fish are paired fins, many teeth, dermal scales in the skin (in most species), and numerous vertebrae. Most bony fish are ray-finned fish, meaning that they have thin, flexible skeletal rays. Lobe-finned fish, the other type of bony fish, have muscular fins supported by bones. Only one species of lobe-finned fish, the coelacanth, still lives. However, it was the lobe-finned fish that made possible the colonization of land.
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Fish are all members of the phylum Chordata, sub-phylum Vertebrata. Fish are generally spindle-shaped, oval in section, and flattened either sideways or dorsal-ventrally. The skin is covered in protective scales, with some exceptions (lampreys, ocean sunfish). All fins have fins of some sort, all the size, number, and shape vary. Fish breathe through gills, and only a very few have actual lungs. Most fish have a special organ known as a swim bladder that prevents them from sinking, and, in some cases, aids in respiration. The common name "fish" refers to four different classes, depending on the person classifying them (there are numerous different ways to classify fish). Bony fish also have special adaptations that allow them to remain buoyant. A special organ called a swim bladder housed under the bony skeleton is a gas filled chamber that allows the bony fish to remain floating in the water. Some fish have a connection between this organ and the digestive tract to allow the extraction of oxygen. Another special adaptation is the operculum, a flap on each side of the fish that covers the chambers housing the gills. A bony fish is able to breathe without swimming simply by moving the operculum. Other hallmarks of these fish are paired fins, many teeth, dermal scales in the skin (in most species), and numerous vertebrae. Most bony fish are ray-finned fish, meaning that they have thin, flexible skeletal rays. Lobe-finned fish, the other type of bony fish, have muscular fins supported by bones. Only one species of lobe-finned fish, the coelacanth, still lives. However, it was the lobe-finned fish that made possible the colonization of land.
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This document provides information on the spadenose shark (Scoliodon laticaudus). It summarizes key details about the species in 3 sentences:
Scoliodon laticaudus is a tropical, demersal shark found in the Indo-West Pacific that grows up to 100 cm long. It lives in coastal waters and lower river reaches, forming large schools and feeding on small fish, shrimp, and cuttlefish. While utilized for human consumption and fishmeal, S. laticaudus is considered Near Threatened by IUCN due to fishing pressures.
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What is the perfect catchable or mark able size of the fish
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This document summarizes fish migration. It defines fish migration as seasonal movement that implies returning to the starting point. It discusses different types of migratory fish species and patterns of migration including diadromous, potamodromous, and oceanodromous. The causes of migration are to avoid unfavorable conditions and exploit food sources. Physical, chemical, and biological factors influence migration. Advantages include access to more food, breeding places, and distribution while avoiding competition. Conservation of migratory fish is important for sustaining fisheries and coastal communities.
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Similar to Chordates
Unit 25 Vertebrates
All vertebrates share four key characteristics - a notochord, hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and tail - at some stage of development. While most lose these traits as adults, they define the phylum Chordata. Vertebrates evolved internal skeletons allowing them to grow larger and more complex, with jaws developing from gill arches, giving them predatory advantages. Major vertebrate groups include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals.
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This document provides information on the history and anatomy of fish. It begins with the earliest fish, the ostracoderms from the Ordovician Period, and discusses the evolution of jaws in placoderms and acanthodians. It then describes the general characteristics of modern fish, including their external anatomy such as fins, scales, skin and internal organs. The document also covers fish feeding, reproduction as egg-layers and scatterers, and care of marine invertebrates.
Animal diversity Lab on fish
The student conducted a dissection and analysis of the internal anatomy of a White Grunt fish. Key organs identified included the heart, liver, pyloric caeca, gonads, and swim bladder. Externally, fins, gills, lateral line, nares, scales, and mouth parts were examined. The fish's dentition, nocturnal feeding habits of scavenging benthic invertebrates and small fish, and similarities to human anatomy like lungs/gills and intestines/pyloric caeca were discussed. The dissection helped understand the fish's physical adaptations and relationships between its form and function.
Class Osteichthyes
This document provides a detailed overview of the classification and characteristics of bony fishes. It discusses the key subclasses of bony fishes including Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fishes) and Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes). Actinopterygii contains the vast majority of fish species and is further divided into several superorders and orders. The document also describes the anatomy, physiology and behaviors of bony fishes, highlighting their diverse distribution in aquatic habitats worldwide.
Phylum mollusca 2014
There are over 50,000 species of molluscs that can be categorized into 7 classes. This document focuses on 3 classes - Gastropoda which includes snails, Bivalvia such as clams with two shells, and Cephalopoda like squid and octopus. Molluscs have a mantle, muscular foot, and secrete calcium-based shells or other stiff structures. They live in a variety of habitats from marine to freshwater and land.
Diversity Of Fish And Amphibians
The document discusses the diversity of chordates and vertebrates. It covers the four key characteristics of vertebrates, including having a notochord, hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and a tail that extends beyond the anus. It then describes the major groups of fish, including sharks, rays, bony fish, lobe-finned fish, and lungfish. Finally, it discusses the three orders of amphibians: frogs and toads, salamanders and newts, and caecilians.
Naturalists at Large: Marine vertebrates
Vertebrates share the characteristic of having a notochord or backbone at some point in their development. The backbone provides support, protection, and structure to the body. It allows vertebrates like fish, birds, and mammals to move effectively through their environments. Fish specifically use gills and fins to breathe and move through water, and can be categorized into three main groups: jawless fish, cartilaginous fish, and bony fish.
Vertebrate diversity
vertebrates are interesting organisms to study, as there are a lot of things we are ignorant of, yet we do not know how to preserve them.
Pisces
Three biologists - Ernst Haeckel in 1894, Robert Whittaker in 1959, and Carl Woese in 1977 - independently classified living organisms into taxonomic groups called kingdoms. Whittaker classified life into five kingdoms: Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. Pisces is one of the characteristics of the Animalia kingdom. Pisces refers to fish, which are aquatic craniate animals that lack limbs with digits and have a tough scaly skin and gills. Modern fish classes include cartilaginous fish like sharks and bony fish.
Edible Shellfish fauna.pptx
Shellfish are aquatic invertebrates with exoskeletons made of shells. They are divided into two categories - crustaceans and molluscs. Crustaceans have segmented bodies and jointed appendages, while molluscs have soft, unsegmented bodies and most have external shells. Major edible crustaceans include shrimp, prawns, crabs and lobsters. Major edible molluscs include bivalves like clams, mussels and oysters, as well as gastropods, cephalopods like squid and octopus. Many shellfish are commercially important seafood and aquaculture products.
Echinoderms
Echinoderms have a spiny skin and bone plates just below it that form an endoskeleton. Fish are cold-blooded vertebrates that live in water and breathe through gills. They have scales, fins, and well-developed circulatory, digestive and nervous systems. Invertebrates lack a backbone and have less developed nutrition and sensory systems compared to vertebrates. They may have exoskeletons, endoskeletons, or no skeleton.
ESP T_Kit on Fishery
The document provides information about fisheries and related concepts. It defines a fishery as an entity engaged in raising or harvesting fish as determined by an authority. Over 500 million livelihoods depend on fisheries. If poorly managed, overfishing can reduce fish stocks and environmental impacts go unchecked. The document discusses different types of fisheries such as industrial, small-scale, and recreational, and provides examples of species that support major fisheries worldwide like tuna, salmon, and cod.
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18 3 Powerpoint[1]
The document discusses the three domain system and six kingdom system of classification. The three domains are Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Bacteria and Archaea are prokaryotic and unicellular, while Eukarya includes protists, fungi, plants, and animals which are eukaryotic. The six kingdoms are further divided within these domains.
18 1 Classification
Taxonomy is the discipline of classifying organisms and assigning each a universally accepted scientific name using a binomial nomenclature system consisting of genus and species. This classification system organizes organisms into a hierarchy of taxa including genus, family, order, class, phylum, and kingdom based on their characteristics and evolutionary relationships.
Elements Of Behavior
1) The document discusses different theories of how animals learn and behave, including innate behavior, stimulus-response learning, and different types of learned behavior like habituation, classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and insight learning.
2) It provides examples of each type, like how animals might respond with defense, escape, or attack behaviors innately in response to being spooked in the wild.
3) The document also discusses famous experiments that helped establish theories of learning, like Ivan Pavlov's work with classical conditioning and B.F. Skinner's operant conditioning experiments using a "Skinner Box."
Diversity Of Mammals Monotremes
Monotremes are a special group of mammals that share characteristics with reptiles. They lay soft-shelled eggs and incubate them for 10 days like reptiles. Monotremes also have a cloaca, a single bodily opening, like reptiles. There are only two monotreme species - echidnas, which are spiny anteaters found in Australia and New Guinea, and have either short or long beaks, and platypuses, which are one of the few poisonous mammals and live in water hunting for food.
Diversity Of Mammals Placental Mammals
Placental mammals exchange nutrients and gases between the mother and embryo through the placenta. This includes humans and most other mammals. Mammals are divided into groups based on traits like number of toes and diet. Carnivores like bears eat meat but can also consume plants. Cetaceans like whales are carnivorous marine mammals. Bats are the only mammals that can truly fly and feed on insects, fruit, and nectar. Rodents have sharp front teeth and eat plants and wood. Primates like lemurs have complex behaviors and brains unlike other animals. Proboscideans like elephants have trunks.
Primates And Human Origins
1) Fossil discoveries have shown that human-like creatures lived hundreds of thousands to millions of years ago, but the exact origins of humans is still unclear.
2) Early hominids such as Sahelanthropus tchadensis from 6.75 million years ago may have been human ancestors or more closely related to other apes.
3) Over millions of years, hominids became more upright, less dependent on trees, developed tools and art, and migrated from Africa to other parts of the world, including Neanderthals who lived in caves.
4) While theories abound, the exact reasons for hominid migrations and developments are unknown.
What Is An Animal 13 1
Animals are living things that cannot make their own food, digest food instead, and have many cells with nuclei to move around. They can be divided into vertebrates that have backbones and invertebrates without, with body structures arranged radially in a circle or bilaterally along a line.
Intro To Animals
The animal kingdom is extremely diverse, with some animals being microscopic while others are several meters long, living in various environments from inside other bodies to the open sea. Animals are multicellular eukaryotes that lack cell walls and carry out essential functions like feeding, respiration, circulation, excretion, response, movement, and reproduction to maintain homeostasis. The kingdom is divided into invertebrates, which lack backbones, and vertebrates, which have backbones.
Diversity Of Mammals Marsupials
Marsupials are mammals whose young develop in pouches. Examples include kangaroos, koalas, wombats, and Tasmanian devils. Kangaroos have strong tails and legs to jump long distances. Koalas mainly eat eucalyptus leaves and sleep 16-18 hours a day due to low metabolism. Wombats dig burrows with claws and teeth. Tasmanian devils are the largest carnivorous marsupials and get their name from loud fighting noises. While Australians may joke about dangerous "drop bears," these do not actually exist.
Reptiles Juju
Reptiles are vertebrates with scaly skin, lungs, and terrestrial eggs that allow them to live fully on land. They evolved from amphibian ancestors and came to dominate during the Triassic period, though most dinosaurs went extinct at the end of the Cretaceous period due to volcanic eruptions and an asteroid impact. Modern reptiles include snakes, lizards, crocodilians, turtles, and the tuatara; they regulate their body temperature through environmental interactions, have two-chambered hearts, and reproduce through internal fertilization or ovoviviparity. Many reptile species are endangered due to habitat destruction and overhunting.
Birds
Birds are feathered, winged animals that evolved from extinct reptiles. They have several adaptations for flight including lightweight bones, strong chest muscles and aerodynamic feathers. Birds maintain a constant high internal temperature through high metabolisms and efficient respiratory, circulatory and digestive systems. Their feeding process involves using a muscular gizzard to break down food and a crop to store and moisten it.
Reptiles Life Science 15 4
Reptiles first appeared nearly 280 million years ago and include turtles, crocodiles, and lizards and snakes. They have dry scaly skin, lay amniotic eggs with membranes to protect embryos, and show little maternal care once eggs are laid. Modern reptiles descended from early reptiles and vary widely in size, shape, color, habitat, diet, and behavior.
14 3 Arthropods
The document provides information about various arthropod classes including Crustacea (crabs and lobsters), Myriapoda (millipedes and centipedes), extinct Trilobita class, Chelicerata class including horseshoe crabs and arachnids such as spiders. It describes their physical characteristics, habitats, behaviors, life cycles and feeding habits.
Reptiles 31
Reptiles evolved from amphibian-like ancestors and have diversified into many forms like turtles, snakes, and dinosaurs. Reptiles have lungs and lay shelled, amniotic eggs to protect embryos from drying out. The four surviving groups of reptiles are lizards and snakes, crocodilians, turtles and tortoises, and tuatara. Birds are reptile-like animals that maintain a constant internal temperature through generating their own body heat from metabolism, unlike reptiles which rely on external heat sources.
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Chordates
- 1. Nonvertrbrates chordates Connie Davis Extra credit biology
- 2. Nonvertibrate chordate The two groups of nonvertbrate chordates are tunicates and lancelets. tunicates lancelets
- 3. chordates A chordate is an animal that’s has, for at least some stage of its life, a dorsal, hollow nerve cord, a notochord, pharyngeal pouches, and a tail that extends beyond the anus.
- 4. What is a fish? Fishes are aquatic vertebrates, most fishes have paired fins, scales, and gills.
- 5. Evolution of fishes The evolution of jaws and the evolution of paired fins were important development during the rise of fishes.
- 6. Forms and function of in fishes Adaptations to aquatic life include various modes of feeding, specialized structures for gas exchange, and paired fins for locomotion.
- 7. Groups of fish When you consider their basic internal structure, all living fish can be classified into three groups: jawless fish, cartilaginous fish, and bony fish. jawless fish cartilaginous fish bony fish