Reptiles Life Science 15 4
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Reptiles first appeared nearly 280 million years ago and include turtles, crocodiles, and lizards and snakes. They have dry scaly skin, lay amniotic eggs with membranes to protect embryos, and show little maternal care once eggs are laid. Modern reptiles descended from early reptiles and vary widely in size, shape, color, habitat, diet, and behavior.
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Reptiles
Reptiles are ectothermic vertebrates with dry, scaly skin covered in scales. They lay amniotic eggs with membranes that protect the embryo and allow for gas exchange. Reptiles first appeared 280 million years ago and dominated during the Mesozoic era. Modern reptiles include turtles, crocodiles and alligators, and lizards and snakes. While most reptiles show no care for their eggs, crocodiles are very maternal and protect their hatchlings.
Reptiles
Reptiles were the first terrestrial vertebrates and dominated during the Mesozoic era. There are around 7,000 reptile species worldwide today, with the most successful group being squamates (snakes and lizards). Reptiles are characterized by scaly skin, laying amniotic eggs, and various anatomical adaptations for living on land such as efficient lungs and kidneys. The four surviving orders are squamates, crocodilians, turtles, and the tuatara; turtles are notable for their protective shells.
Reptiles Birds Mammals
Reptiles are adapted to life on land with scaly skin, lungs, terrestrial eggs, and the ability to control their body temperature. They have adaptations like well-developed lungs, a double-loop circulatory system, and a water-conserving excretory system. Birds evolved from dinosaurs and are endothermic with feathers, wings, a light skeleton, and a four-chambered heart that allows for flight. Mammals are endothermic with hair, mammary glands, and a four-chambered heart, and bear live young.
Vertebrates and invertebrates
Vertebrates are animals with backbones and include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Invertebrates lack backbones and make up over 98% of animal species, including sponges, jellyfish, worms, starfish, insects, and others. Vertebrates have evolved to live on land and in air and water, while invertebrates mainly live in water and on land without mobility. The document then provides more details on characteristics of different vertebrate and invertebrate groups.
Birth & reproductive developmental process
This document discusses reproduction and development in vertebrates and invertebrates. It explains that some fish can change sex and produce both eggs and sperm. It also describes the fertilization process and germ layer formation in development. Key differences between vertebrates and invertebrates are highlighted, and examples of reproductive modes in bony fish, flatworms, insects and their life cycles are provided.
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This document discusses the characteristics and classification of reptiles. It begins by introducing duckweed and materials needed for an investigative project. It then covers the defining features of reptiles, including having scales or scutes, being ectothermic, and having three-chambered hearts except in crocodiles. The document proceeds to outline the four orders of reptiles - Crocodilia, Testudines, Squamata, and Rhynchocephalia - providing key details about each order and the types of reptiles that fall within each order.
Invertebrates presentation
The document classifies all animals into two main groups: vertebrates and invertebrates. Vertebrates have backbones and are divided into five groups - fish, amphibians, birds, mammals and reptiles. Each group is described in one or two sentences, noting key distinguishing characteristics like warm/cold-blooded, laying eggs, living on land or in water, having feathers/scales/hair and whether they feed milk to young.
Vertebrate & Invertebrate Animals
Vertebrate animals have backbones and internal skeletons, including fish with scales, amphibians with moist skin and no scales, mammals with fur or hair, birds with feathers, and reptiles with scales. Invertebrate animals lack backbones and internal bones, with insects making up the largest group of invertebrates.
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Reptiles
Reptiles are ectothermic vertebrates with dry, scaly skin covered in scales. They lay amniotic eggs with membranes that protect the embryo and allow for gas exchange. Reptiles first appeared 280 million years ago and dominated during the Mesozoic era. Modern reptiles include turtles, crocodiles and alligators, and lizards and snakes. While most reptiles show no care for their eggs, crocodiles are very maternal and protect their hatchlings.
Reptiles
Reptiles were the first terrestrial vertebrates and dominated during the Mesozoic era. There are around 7,000 reptile species worldwide today, with the most successful group being squamates (snakes and lizards). Reptiles are characterized by scaly skin, laying amniotic eggs, and various anatomical adaptations for living on land such as efficient lungs and kidneys. The four surviving orders are squamates, crocodilians, turtles, and the tuatara; turtles are notable for their protective shells.
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Reptiles are adapted to life on land with scaly skin, lungs, terrestrial eggs, and the ability to control their body temperature. They have adaptations like well-developed lungs, a double-loop circulatory system, and a water-conserving excretory system. Birds evolved from dinosaurs and are endothermic with feathers, wings, a light skeleton, and a four-chambered heart that allows for flight. Mammals are endothermic with hair, mammary glands, and a four-chambered heart, and bear live young.
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The document classifies all animals into two main groups: vertebrates and invertebrates. Vertebrates have backbones and are divided into five groups - fish, amphibians, birds, mammals and reptiles. Each group is described in one or two sentences, noting key distinguishing characteristics like warm/cold-blooded, laying eggs, living on land or in water, having feathers/scales/hair and whether they feed milk to young.
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The reptile
Reptiles have scales that retain moisture and lay amniotic eggs adapted for land. They live in varied habitats except very cold areas as they are ectothermic. All reptiles share scaly skin, claws, lungs, and lay amniotic eggs. Adaptations like strong skeletons and claws allow movement on land while highly developed vision aids predation and predator avoidance. Ectothermy limits habitats but basking and shade-seeking regulate temperature. Lungs and partially divided hearts aid gas exchange. Reproduction is usually oviparous but some are ovoviviparous, protecting eggs inside females.
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- Birds evolved from reptiles and Archaeopteryx possessed both reptilian and avian features. Key avian traits include feathers, hollow lightweight bones, beaks, endothermy, and amniotic eggs.
- Birds have highly specialized organ systems for flight including strong heart and respiratory systems. Their feathers provide insulation and flight abilities.
- There are many orders of birds with varied traits like waterfowl that are aquatic, owls with keen vision and hearing, and songbirds that communicate through song.
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The document summarizes key aspects of vertebrate evolution over the past 530 million years. It describes how early chordates gave rise to vertebrates, which have a backbone and a wide diversity of over 52,000 species. Vertebrates are further divided into groups like sharks, ray-finned fishes, lobe-fins, tetrapods, amphibians, amniotes, reptiles including birds, and mammals. Many adaptations like jaws, limbs, lungs and live birth enabled vertebrates to diversify and dominate life on land and in the oceans.
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The document classifies and describes different types of animals. It divides animals into invertebrates, which lack backbones, and vertebrates, which have backbones. Invertebrates include protozoa, annelids, arthropods like insects and crustaceans, echinoderms, and mollusks. Vertebrates include fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals, and primates like humans. Within these groups it describes characteristics of common animals such as starfish, earthworms, spiders, whales, and mice.
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The document discusses key characteristics of amniotes such as reptiles, birds, and mammals. Amniotes develop in amniotic sacs that provide fluid and nutrients to the growing embryo. This allows for reproduction on land. Amniotes have two circulatory systems - pulmonary and systemic - as well as three- or four-chambered hearts depending on whether they are reptiles or birds and mammals. The document then covers anatomical and physiological adaptations of reptiles, birds, and mammals.
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This document summarizes key characteristics of chordates, vertebrates, fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. It notes that chordates have a notochord, nerve chord, postanal tail, and gill slits. Vertebrates like fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals additionally have an endoskeleton and vertebrae. It then provides details on characteristics of each group like fish having fins and scales, amphibians living both on land and water, and mammals producing milk and having hair or fur.
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This document defines and describes the main groups of vertebrate and invertebrate animals. It discusses the five groups of vertebrates - fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. It then defines different types of fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. For invertebrates, it outlines nine groups including protozoans, poriferans, coelenterates, platyhelminths, nematodes, annelids, echinoderms, mollusks, and arthropods. It provides details on the characteristics of examples from each of these invertebrate groups.
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This document presents interesting facts about various types of vertebrates. It notes that amphibians were the first vertebrates to live on land. Some turtles and tortoises can live over 100 years. Frogs can breathe through their skin as well as their lungs. The king cobra is the largest venomous snake, averaging 10-12 feet long. There are over 8,000 reptile species worldwide except Antarctica. The oldest known bird, Archaeopteryx, lived 150 million years ago and had feathers and wings.
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Reptiles have scales that retain moisture and lay amniotic eggs adapted for land. They live in varied habitats except very cold areas as they are ectothermic. All reptiles share scaly skin, claws, lungs, and lay amniotic eggs. Adaptations like strong skeletons and claws allow movement on land while highly developed vision aids predation and predator avoidance. Ectothermy limits habitats but basking and shade-seeking regulate temperature. Lungs and partially divided hearts aid gas exchange. Reproduction is usually oviparous but some are ovoviviparous, protecting eggs inside females.
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This document summarizes the major groups of reptiles. It describes five orders: Sauria (lizards), Serpentes (snakes), Testudines (turtles), Crocodylia (crocodiles), and Rhynchocephalia (tuataras). It provides key characteristics of reptiles such as having scaly skin, laying amniotic eggs, and being ectothermic. Additionally, it highlights unique features of different reptile groups, including snakes' specialized anatomy for swallowing large prey whole and crocodiles guarding nests until hatchlings emerge.
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Amphibians live both on land and in water, having thin skin that allows absorption of water and oxygen. They go through a metamorphosis where larvae with gills transform into adults with lungs on land. While amphibians were the first to move onto land, reptiles later evolved with thicker scaly skin and shells for their eggs, allowing full adaptation to life on land.
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This project report summarizes a study of avian biodiversity in Bhilai Nagar, Durg, India. 22 different bird species were observed between October 2019 and February 2020 including the magpie, peacock, koel, baya bird, cock, pigeon, hen, roller, parrot, crow, duck, house sparrow, laughing dove, myna, cattle egret, hoopoe, great egret, green bee-eater, eagle owl, black drango, purple sunbird, and ostrich. Each bird species is described along with information on appearance, habitat, diet, nesting and other characteristics. The objective was to document avian diversity in the area through field observations and identification
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This document outlines the classification of animals. It divides animals into two main groups: vertebrates and invertebrates. Vertebrates have backbones and are further divided into five classes: fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Invertebrates do not have backbones and are divided into three phyla: worms, molluscs, and arthropods. Arthropods are further broken down into spiders, centipedes/millipedes, crustaceans, and insects. The document provides descriptions of the key characteristics of groups.
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The document discusses the differences between vertebrates and invertebrates. It defines vertebrates as animals with backbones and lists examples such as fish, dogs, and humans. Invertebrates do not have backbones and examples given are spiders, flies, and caterpillars. The document then provides more details about characteristics of different classes of vertebrates including fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.
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- Birds evolved from reptiles and Archaeopteryx possessed both reptilian and avian features. Key avian traits include feathers, hollow lightweight bones, beaks, endothermy, and amniotic eggs.
- Birds have highly specialized organ systems for flight including strong heart and respiratory systems. Their feathers provide insulation and flight abilities.
- There are many orders of birds with varied traits like waterfowl that are aquatic, owls with keen vision and hearing, and songbirds that communicate through song.
Birds as glorified reptiles
Through the process of evolution, few species of reptiles were transformed into modern birds.
This ppt describes about the similarities between reptiles and modern birds.
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The document describes several types of invertebrates including sponges, jellyfish, worms, mollusks, and arthropods. Sponges have no organs or ability to move but live in oceans. Jellyfish have tentacles, mouths, and live on ocean floors. Worms can regrow parts and come in varieties like flatworms, roundworms, and segmented worms. Mollusks like snails and octopuses make shells and live in water or on land. Arthropods are the largest invertebrate group and include crustaceans, arachnids, insects, centipedes and millipedes which have exoskeletons and sensory organs.
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The document outlines the key characteristics and groups of five classes of vertebrates: fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. It discusses their defining physical attributes and provides examples of common types within each class, such as how fish have fins and scales, amphibians have both lungs and gills, and birds have feathers and hollow bones that enable flight. The document aims to teach students about the distinguishing features of different vertebrate organisms.
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Reptiles are cold-blooded animals that include approximately 7,900 species living in a variety of habitats. They are characterized by having scaly skin, lungs used for breathing, and being egg-laying or live-bearing. The document describes the key organ systems of reptiles including their integumentary system made of thick, protective scaly skin; digestive system which varies depending on diet; circulatory system with two circulatory loops; and orders which classify reptiles such as snakes, lizards, turtles, crocodiles, and tuataras.
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Amphibians are vertebrates that can live both on land and in water. They go through a metamorphosis from an aquatic tadpole stage to a terrestrial adult stage. Amphibians are important for ecosystems and human welfare. They indicate environmental changes and provide benefits like controlling pests, serving as traditional medicine, and acting as biological indicators. India is home to 309 amphibian species across 14 families and 55 genera. Ongoing research in India includes studies on reproduction, taxonomy, ecology, and impacts of skin extracts. Conservation efforts aim to protect amphibian habitats and diversity in the Western Ghats.
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The document summarizes key aspects of vertebrate evolution over the past 530 million years. It describes how early chordates gave rise to vertebrates, which have a backbone and a wide diversity of over 52,000 species. Vertebrates are further divided into groups like sharks, ray-finned fishes, lobe-fins, tetrapods, amphibians, amniotes, reptiles including birds, and mammals. Many adaptations like jaws, limbs, lungs and live birth enabled vertebrates to diversify and dominate life on land and in the oceans.
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Vertebrates are a subphylum of chordates with backbones. They are classified into groups including fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Key characteristics include skulls, vertebrae enclosing the spinal cord, and paired limbs in many land-dwelling forms. Vertebrates display a wide diversity of adaptations for locomotion, nutrition, and reproduction in various environments.
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Invertebrates make up 95% of animal species and occupy nearly all habitats. They include animals without backbones like sponges, jellyfish, starfish, worms, snails, insects and arachnids. Invertebrates have features like exoskeletons, diverse sensory organs and reproductive strategies including asexual reproduction. Common invertebrate groups include sponges, cnidarians, mollusks, worms, crustaceans, insects and arachnids.
Classification of Animals
This document outlines the classification of living things, dividing them into broad groups. It discusses animals in detail, separating them into vertebrates and invertebrates. Vertebrates include mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, amphibians and have backbones, while invertebrates like insects do not. Within vertebrates, it describes characteristics of different types of mammals like humans, characteristics of birds like feathers and wings, how fish breathe through gills and swim with fins, how reptiles have scales and are cold-blooded, and how amphibians live both on land and in water. It also briefly covers plants, fungi and bacteria.
Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Reptalia
In order for us to understand how all living organisms are related, they are arranged into different groups. The more features that a group of animals share, the more specific the group is. Animals are given scientific names so that people all around the world can communicate about animals, no matter what language they speak (these names are traditionally Latin words). Animals belong to a number of different groups, starting with the animal kingdom.
Kingdom
All living organisms are first placed into different kingdoms. There are five different kingdoms to classify life on Earth, which are Animals, Plants, Fungi, Bacteria, and Protists (single-celled organisms).
Phylum
The animal kingdom is divided into 40 smaller groups, known as phylum. Here, animals are grouped by their main features. Animals usually fall into one of five different phylum which are Cnidaria (invertebrates), Chordata (vertebrates), Arthropods, Molluscs and Echinoderms.
Class
The phylum group is then divided into even smaller groups, known as classes. The Chordata (vertebrates) phylum splits up into Mammalia (Mammals), Actinopterygii (Bony Fish), Chondrichthyes (Cartilaginous Fish) , Aves (Birds), Amphibia (Amphibians) and Reptilia (Reptiles).
Order
Each class is divided into small groups again, known as orders. The class Mammalia (Mammals), splits into different groups including Carnivora, Primate, Artiodactyla and Rodentia.
Family
In every order, there are different families of animals which all have very similar features. The Carnivora order breaks into families that include Felidae (Cats), Canidae (Dogs), Ursidae (Bears), and Mustelidae (Weasels).
Genus
Every animal family is then divided into small groups known as genus. Each genus contains animals that have very similar features and are closely related. For example, the Felidae (Cat) family contains genus including Felis (small Cats and domestic Cats), Panthera (Tigers, Leopards, Jaguars and Lions) and Puma (Panthers and Cougars).
Species
Each individual species within the genus is named after it's individual features and characteristics. The names of animals are in Latin so that they can be understood worldwide, and consist of two words. The first word in the name of an animal will be the genus, and the second name indicates the specific species.
Example 1 - Tiger
Kingdom: Animalia (Animal)
Phylum: Chordata (Vertebrate)
Class: Mammalia (Mammal)
Order: Carnivora (Carnivore)
Family: Felidae (Cat)
Genus: Panthera
Species: Panthera tigris (Tiger)
14 3 Arthropods
The document provides information about various arthropod classes including Crustacea (crabs and lobsters), Myriapoda (millipedes and centipedes), extinct Trilobita class, Chelicerata class including horseshoe crabs and arachnids such as spiders. It describes their physical characteristics, habitats, behaviors, life cycles and feeding habits.
The earth biology 4
The document summarizes the main kingdoms of life - Animalia and Plantae. It describes the key groups within the animal kingdom - vertebrates (fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals) and invertebrates. Each animal group is defined briefly, noting distinguishing characteristics. The plant kingdom section defines plants and notes they obtain energy from photosynthesis using chlorophyll and reproduce sexually.
10 8 all handouts animal diversity 2010 jewett edit
Reptiles are a class of tetrapod vertebrates within the Chordata phylum. They have existed for over 300 million years and are found on every continent except Antarctica, with over 8,000 species. Reptiles are distinguished from other amniotes by having scales that cover their bodies and being cold-blooded. They have three-chambered hearts and lay eggs protected by leathery shells. Common ways reptiles move include walking with alternating front and back legs as well as crawling or creeping. Reptiles include diverse orders such as crocodiles, tuataras, lizards, snakes, turtles, and the now extinct dinosaurs.
Echinoderms
Echinoderms have a spiny skin and bone plates just below it that form an endoskeleton. Fish are cold-blooded vertebrates that live in water and breathe through gills. They have scales, fins, and well-developed circulatory, digestive and nervous systems. Invertebrates lack a backbone and have less developed nutrition and sensory systems compared to vertebrates. They may have exoskeletons, endoskeletons, or no skeleton.
Vertebrates
Vertebrates can be classified into five categories: birds, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals. Birds are warm-blooded creatures that lay eggs and have feathers and wings to fly. Fishes live in water and have fins and gills. Amphibians live both on land and in water, starting as eggs with gills. Reptiles are covered in dry scales, some lay eggs while others give live birth. Mammals are warm-blooded, have hair or fur, and most give live birth.
Vertebrates
Esta presentación ha sido elaborada para alumnos de 5º de Educación Primaria, en el área de Ciencias de la Naturaleza (Science). Con ella, podrán conocer los diferentes tipos de vertebrados que existen y poder estudiarlos de una forma motivadora y sintetizada.
Classification of Organisms.pptx
This document provides information about classification of organisms. It discusses the key features used to classify organisms into taxonomic groups such as species, genera, kingdoms. It outlines several kingdoms including Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista and Prokaryota. Within the animal kingdom, it describes characteristics of major phyla including arthropods, chordates and their classes. It also discusses the binomial nomenclature system and provides examples of scientific names.
5 kingdoms
This document outlines different kingdoms of life including plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and protists. It describes plants as having vascular and non-vascular groups. Animals are divided into vertebrates and invertebrates, with vertebrates consisting of five subgroups: mammals, reptiles, amphibians, fish, and birds. Mammals are defined as animals with hair that are mainly born live rather than from eggs. Reptiles are cold-blooded animals that mostly hatch from eggs and live on land. Fungi include yeasts, molds, and mushrooms. Bacteria come in various shapes and are prokaryotic. Protists are microscopic, unicellular organisms with highly organized
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10 8 all handouts animal diversity 2010 jewett edit
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18 3 Powerpoint[1]
The document discusses the three domain system and six kingdom system of classification. The three domains are Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Bacteria and Archaea are prokaryotic and unicellular, while Eukarya includes protists, fungi, plants, and animals which are eukaryotic. The six kingdoms are further divided within these domains.
Chordates
The document discusses nonvertebrate chordates and fish. It states that tunicates and lancelets are the two groups of nonvertebrate chordates. It defines chordates as animals that have a nerve cord, notochord, pharyngeal pouches and a tail extending past the anus. The document also notes that fish are aquatic vertebrates that mostly have paired fins, scales and gills, and that the evolution of jaws and paired fins were important developments for fish. It discusses adaptations for aquatic life in fish and classifies all living fish into three groups: jawless fish, cartilaginous fish, and bony fish based on their internal structure.
18 1 Classification
Taxonomy is the discipline of classifying organisms and assigning each a universally accepted scientific name using a binomial nomenclature system consisting of genus and species. This classification system organizes organisms into a hierarchy of taxa including genus, family, order, class, phylum, and kingdom based on their characteristics and evolutionary relationships.
Elements Of Behavior
1) The document discusses different theories of how animals learn and behave, including innate behavior, stimulus-response learning, and different types of learned behavior like habituation, classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and insight learning.
2) It provides examples of each type, like how animals might respond with defense, escape, or attack behaviors innately in response to being spooked in the wild.
3) The document also discusses famous experiments that helped establish theories of learning, like Ivan Pavlov's work with classical conditioning and B.F. Skinner's operant conditioning experiments using a "Skinner Box."
Diversity Of Mammals Monotremes
Monotremes are a special group of mammals that share characteristics with reptiles. They lay soft-shelled eggs and incubate them for 10 days like reptiles. Monotremes also have a cloaca, a single bodily opening, like reptiles. There are only two monotreme species - echidnas, which are spiny anteaters found in Australia and New Guinea, and have either short or long beaks, and platypuses, which are one of the few poisonous mammals and live in water hunting for food.
Diversity Of Mammals Placental Mammals
Placental mammals exchange nutrients and gases between the mother and embryo through the placenta. This includes humans and most other mammals. Mammals are divided into groups based on traits like number of toes and diet. Carnivores like bears eat meat but can also consume plants. Cetaceans like whales are carnivorous marine mammals. Bats are the only mammals that can truly fly and feed on insects, fruit, and nectar. Rodents have sharp front teeth and eat plants and wood. Primates like lemurs have complex behaviors and brains unlike other animals. Proboscideans like elephants have trunks.
Primates And Human Origins
1) Fossil discoveries have shown that human-like creatures lived hundreds of thousands to millions of years ago, but the exact origins of humans is still unclear.
2) Early hominids such as Sahelanthropus tchadensis from 6.75 million years ago may have been human ancestors or more closely related to other apes.
3) Over millions of years, hominids became more upright, less dependent on trees, developed tools and art, and migrated from Africa to other parts of the world, including Neanderthals who lived in caves.
4) While theories abound, the exact reasons for hominid migrations and developments are unknown.
What Is An Animal 13 1
Animals are living things that cannot make their own food, digest food instead, and have many cells with nuclei to move around. They can be divided into vertebrates that have backbones and invertebrates without, with body structures arranged radially in a circle or bilaterally along a line.
Intro To Animals
The animal kingdom is extremely diverse, with some animals being microscopic while others are several meters long, living in various environments from inside other bodies to the open sea. Animals are multicellular eukaryotes that lack cell walls and carry out essential functions like feeding, respiration, circulation, excretion, response, movement, and reproduction to maintain homeostasis. The kingdom is divided into invertebrates, which lack backbones, and vertebrates, which have backbones.
Diversity Of Mammals Marsupials
Marsupials are mammals whose young develop in pouches. Examples include kangaroos, koalas, wombats, and Tasmanian devils. Kangaroos have strong tails and legs to jump long distances. Koalas mainly eat eucalyptus leaves and sleep 16-18 hours a day due to low metabolism. Wombats dig burrows with claws and teeth. Tasmanian devils are the largest carnivorous marsupials and get their name from loud fighting noises. While Australians may joke about dangerous "drop bears," these do not actually exist.
Birds
Birds are feathered, winged animals that evolved from extinct reptiles. They have several adaptations for flight including lightweight bones, strong chest muscles and aerodynamic feathers. Birds maintain a constant high internal temperature through high metabolisms and efficient respiratory, circulatory and digestive systems. Their feeding process involves using a muscular gizzard to break down food and a crop to store and moisten it.
Reptiles 31
Reptiles evolved from amphibian-like ancestors and have diversified into many forms like turtles, snakes, and dinosaurs. Reptiles have lungs and lay shelled, amniotic eggs to protect embryos from drying out. The four surviving groups of reptiles are lizards and snakes, crocodilians, turtles and tortoises, and tuatara. Birds are reptile-like animals that maintain a constant internal temperature through generating their own body heat from metabolism, unlike reptiles which rely on external heat sources.
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Reptiles Life Science 15 4
- 1. REPTILES 15.4 By. Chelsea Henry