Second language (L2) teacher education describes the field of professional activity through which individuals learn to teach L2s. In terms commonly used in the field, these formal activities are generally referred to as teacher training, while those that are undertaken by experienced teachers, primarily on a voluntary, individual basis, are referred to as teacher development. I return to this issue of nomenclature later on (see 'the role of input'); at this point, however, the reader should understand that the term teacher education refers to the sum of experiences and activities through which individuals learn to be language teachers. Those learning to teach - whether they are new to the profession or experienced, whether in pre- or in-service contexts - are referred to as teacher learners (Kennedy 1991).
Second language (L2) teacher education describes the field of professional activity through which individuals learn to teach L2s. In terms commonly used in the field, these formal activities are generally referred to as teacher training, while those that are undertaken by experienced teachers, primarily on a voluntary, individual basis, are referred to as teacher development. I return to this issue of nomenclature later on (see 'the role of input'); at this point, however, the reader should understand that the term teacher education refers to the sum of experiences and activities through which individuals learn to be language teachers. Those learning to teach - whether they are new to the profession or experienced, whether in pre- or in-service contexts - are referred to as teacher learners (Kennedy 1991).
"Easy Steps to Chinese" series is designed for 5-12th grades Chinese students. This slide introduces the compilation idea of the books and provides sample lesson. Teachers and students speak highly of "Easy Steps to Chinese" series for its content and features.
The changes on the original slides are
1. Background
2. Font size consistent
3. Font custom animation and action setting removed
4. Informative picture on the first page
5. Only necessary points included and bulleted
Story People - Experiments With Truth, is a compilation of art work and sayings that I created for a project in a course at the University of Calgary with Dr. Jeff Jacobs. Reflections based on the works of Byron Katie's "Loving What Is,", and Terry Warner's, "Bonds That Make Us Free."
Participants will review different lesson-design models and strategies for organizing and delivering instruction. Presenters will share specific examples of techniques that integrate language and content and provide a coherent learning experience for students. Through hands-on activities, participants will examine a variety of instructional sequences that exemplify the components of an effective lesson.
Part of a full series of ppts on curriculum development available on EFL Classroom - https://community.eflclassroom.com/forum2/topics/elt-curriculum-development
"Easy Steps to Chinese" series is designed for 5-12th grades Chinese students. This slide introduces the compilation idea of the books and provides sample lesson. Teachers and students speak highly of "Easy Steps to Chinese" series for its content and features.
Reading Academic Texts
Lesson 1 – Academic Language used from Various Disciplines
Lesson 2 – Text Structure
Lesson 3 – Techniques in Summarizing Variety of Academic Texts
The Introduction of Easy Step to Chinese (English Edition)北语社美国中小学精品教材《轻松学中文》...Shiqi Yuan
1)It is suitable for non-Chinese speakers, ranging from primary school students in Grade one to high school students in Grade 12.
2)Students can study this series from Book 1 for total beginners or choose any volume corresponding to their own level of Chinese proficiency.
3)The primary school stage focuses on cultivating students’ interest, helping them lay a solid foundation and giving them extensive exposure to the Chinese language and culture
4)The middle school stage, directed at the IB and AP Chinese tests, helps to intensify students’ integrated language skills in listening, speaking, reading and writing.
Similar to Chinese as a Foreign Language: Considerations for Scope and Sequence (20)
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Chinese as a Foreign Language: Considerations for Scope and Sequence
1. Designing Your Chinese Language Program Curriculum – Considerations for Scope and Sequence NY State Asian Languages BETAC April 9, 2010
2. Topics for Today Overview of “standards” and curriculum planning “Backward Design” in language program planning Sample of scope and sequence Benchmark setting
3. 5C Standards by ACTFL Communication 沟通能力 Cultures 文化认知 Connections 融会贯通 Comparisons 差異比较 Communities 社区运用
4. The FL NAEP Assessment Framework Visual National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP)
6. Curriculum is NOT Curriculum is unit plans or lesson plans a teacher’s outlines of the course textbooks long range instructional plan standards based unified within a school/school district
7. Designing a Chinese Language Program Curriculum Guided by district's world language goals and policies A coordinated effort with other Chinese teachers in the school/school district Language and cultural learning goals for multiple years Benchmarks, scope and sequence, rubrics
8. Paradigm Shift To teach is to engage learning. Learning is not haphazard. Learning is sequential, developmental and scaffolded.
9. Backward Design Process Identify desired results Determine acceptable evidence Plan learning experiences and instruction Wiggins and McTighe, 1998
10. Desired ResultsUnderstanding Your Program and Setting the Goals Exploratory program or proficiency building program Contact hours in school and students’ contacts with the Chinese culture and language resources outside the school
11. Example: Setting Goals for Chinese Programs in New York State Public Schools NY State Regents Examination International Baccalaureate College Board AP/SAT Effort Index Native Speakers Heritage Language Speakers Non-heritage Language Speakers
12. New York State Suggested Themes Personal Identification Meal Taking House and Home Family Life Health and Welfare Education Leisure Shopping
18. Beauty and aesthetics NY State Personal Identification Meal Taking House and Home Family Life Health and Welfare Education Leisure Shopping
19. Think – Pair - Share Compare and contrast the NY State suggested themes and the College Board Pre-AP Curriculum Framework. New York State Asian Languages BETAC 14
20. Sample Scope and Sequence Reconfigured suggested themes and topics Chinese specific linguistic features Benchmarks
21. Reconfigured Suggested Themes and Topics Personal identity Life skills Community and neighborhood Science, math, and technology Nature and environment Beauty and aesthetics (arts) Current events
22. Chinese Specific Linguistic Features Sentence patterns Part of speech Phrases Compound sentences & connectors Idioms and sayings
24. Examples of Spiral Themes NYS suggested Theme: Personal Identification HS Level 1 (possible topics) Greetings, Personal Information HS Level 2 (possible topics) Describing Personalities, Hobbies HS Level 3 (possible topics) Dreams and Hopes HS Level 4 (possible topics) Aspirations, Famous People Cultural Connection (possible topics) Famous Chinese People
25. Examples of Spiral Themes NYS suggested Theme: Health and Welfare HS Level 1 (possible topics) Fast Food, Recipes HS Level 2 (possible topics) Ethnic Foods, Restaurants HS Level 3 (possible topics) Food Groups, Nutrition HS Level 4 (possible topics) Living a happy and healthy life Cultural Connection (possible topics) Famous Chinese Cuisines, Tea, Chinese table manners
26. Examples of Spiral Themes A suggested new theme: Nature and Environment HS Level 1 (possible topics) Weather, Seasons, Animals and Plants HS Level 2 (possible topics) Geography, Natural Habitats HS Level 3 (possible topics) Pollution, Global Warming, HS level 4 (possible topics) Recycling, Energy Conservation Cultural Connection (possible topics) Unique Sceneries in China, Panda as an endangered species
27. Now you try it. Choose a theme within your group. Develop topics within the chosen theme for 4 different linguistic levels.
28. Reconfigured Suggested Themes and Topics Personal identity Life skills Community and neighborhood Science, math, and technology Nature and environment Beauty and aesthetics (arts) Current events
29. Next Design a performance task to assess student learning. Design instructional activities and strategies.
30. New York State Asian Languages BETAC 25 Current Events Level 1 Earthquakes (地震:很多房子倒了,很多人没有家。) Level 2 Yankees vs. Red Sox ( 纽约洋基棒球队和波士顿红袜棒球队比赛:在哪里比赛?谁赢了?比数是多少?) Level 3 President Obama (欧巴马总统访问了中国,他登上了长城。) Level 4iPad (苹果企业有了新产品)
31. Setting Benchmarks Students will be able to… Decide the sequence of the benchmarks – Pinyin & Pronunciation use Pinyin to learn pronunciation of unfamiliar words and sentences. distinguish the 4 tones and the neutral tone. master some tone changes. master Pinyin and produce natural pronunciation.
32. Setting Benchmarks Students will be able to… Level 1 (L & S) understand basic, familiar and properly pronounced Chinese words, simple sentences, and classroom expressions related to personal and daily life. repeat, retell and recite learned words and sentences. respond to simple greetings.
33. Setting Benchmarks Students will be able to… Level 1 (R & W) recognize and pronounce Pinyin. recognize strokes and stroke order. recognize some basic compounds, radicals and 200-250 learned Hanzi. write up to 150 Hanzi learned in class. write phrases and sentences in Pinyin or Hanzi to express themselves.
34. Setting Benchmarks Students will be able to… Level 2 (L & S) understand classroom interactions and respond accordingly (situations related to personal and daily life). produce sentences using understandable pronunciation and intonation. communicate with others in familiar situations.
35. Setting Benchmarks Students will be able to… Level 2 (R & W) recognize up to 450 learned Hanzi. use a bilingual or Chinese dictionary. read basic sentences and short texts with comprehension. write up to 300 Hanzi from memory. use the computer to write, or handwrite, short passages related to personal life.
36. Setting Benchmarks Students will be able to… Level 3 (S & L) understand standard Mandarin spoken by people from different regions. engage in short telephone conversations. demonstrate understanding by retelling a story with fluency and expression.
37. Setting Benchmarks Students will be able to… Level 3 (R & W) recognize up to 800 learned Hanzi. use the principles of building Hanzi to guess the meaning of new Hanzi. locate specific information in familiar materials. write up to 500 Hanzi from memory. compose short descriptive passages on familiar topics. compose brief e-mails for exchange of information and personal interaction.
38. Setting Benchmarks Students will be able to… Level 4 (S & L) use contextual clues to understand common dialogue and statements related to personal and social activities. identify key words or phrases in a speech. express personal opinions or needs with clarity. narrate or report fairly thoroughly the process of an event. orally present a research topic with clarity.
39. Setting Benchmarks Students will be able to… Level 4 (R & W) recognize up to 1100 learned Hanzi. locate specific information in textual materials, including short letters, messages, notes. write up to 800 Hanzi from memory. take simple notes. Use varied sentence patterns to write a personal essay.
40. Final Thoughts for Curriculum Planning Plan backwards and think about the goals first. Take a teamwork approach (planning with supervisors and other teachers). Think about vertical planning (scope and sequence). Decide the benchmarks, and then the topics, at each level. Embed cultural components in lessons.
41. Final Thoughts for Teaching Create a linguistically rich environment for learning. Teach Hanzi from the beginning. Apply spiraling and snowballing approach. Teach tolerance for unknown and ambiguity.
42. Teach tolerance of the unknownAuthentic Text: An Invitation 37 T. Richard Chi