Childhood
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Childhood refers to the period from ages 3 to 12 years old. During this time, children experience significant physical, mental, emotional, and social development. While children were once seen as innocent and playful, it is incorrect to define childhood or children as one single experience, as each child's experiences differ. Teachers need familiarity with the stages of childhood development in order to help children through this important time of growth.
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Childhood
- 2. Concept of Childhood • The word childhood means the state of being a child. • When we were called ‘children’ and have experienced the phase called ‘childhood’. • As teachers or prospective teachers, we need to develop a familiarity with experiences of children • Till the end of the twentieth century the idea of childhood as a separate social category had been paid very little attention.
- 3. Can we ‘define’ childhood? / Can we ‘define’ child? Children are: innocent, God’s gift, pure and sweet, cute, playful, childish, funny, idiot, naughty, protected, soft, fearful • But these do not explain children’s experiences. • Since experiences of children are different, it would be incorrect to think of children as one category, and attribute one single ‘definition’ of childhood.
- 4. Age criterion (3 to 12 year) Early childhood Later childhood (3 to 6 year) (6 to 12 year)
- 5. Characteristics • Physical and mental stability • Pseudo maturity • Increase mental abilities • Force curiosity • Relation with real word • Development of social, moral qualities • Development of creativity • Control of emotion • Tendency of roaming about without aim • Interest in group gangs • Self- dependent • Change interest • Development of extrovert personality • Selection nature
- 6. Growth and Development • Physical development In pre childhood age physical development is more rather than latter childhood • Mental/cognitive development Language development, sentence making, vocabulary, curiosity, self dependent • Emotional development Control on emotion, shame, guilty, inferioty • Socialization Making small group, group gangs
- 7. Education pattern • Diet arrangement for child as Mid-de-mil, breakfast • Activity based classes- Sports, yoga, • Three language pattern • Teacher should be friendly and guide with students • Busyness schedule for students • Motivate students through speech/videos • Human resources as PTI teacher • Syllabus should contain languages, reasoning (Maths), stories and social science • Teacher should be trained • Fixed furniture, etc.
- 8. Emerging issues • Emotional disorder- increase of anger, separation anxiety, sadness • Lack of proper physical development- malnutrition, childhood obesity and weight problem • Health issues- depression, anxiety, disrupt • Lack of proper education-
- 9. Emerging issues Social issues- social media, racism and discrimination, racial disparities in health, violence at school, unsafe housing bullying poverty child labour child marriagegun violence divorce
- 10. Implications • Teachers and family can modify behavior- Love and care, friendly nature • Schools can conduct sports and games activities, picnic, excursion and field tour to solve emotional problem of students • Teachers can guide to students if they know what child face the problem in childhood • Teacher can make busy naughty students