The document discusses growth and development during school age (6-12 years) and adolescence (13-18 years). It covers physical, motor, cognitive, emotional, social, and sexual development. School age children experience gains in height, weight, and teething. Their motor skills improve and they can participate in organized sports. Cognitively, they progress to concrete operational thinking. Emotionally, they may experience fears or jealousy. Socially, they become more peer oriented. Adolescents experience rapid physical growth and sexual maturation. They develop a stronger sense of identity and morality. Both periods involve key developmental tasks and needs like nutrition, activity, and social support.
HOSPITALIZATION: Effect on children and their parentsShivani Thakur
The experience of hospitalization in children can be considered as a process of effort for returning to health and, on the whole, the regaining of the individual's status in the world.
Nurse can ease this process by showing the importance of experience and feelings of individuals at the time of hospitalization and help people to adapt themselves to their new surroundings.
kindly give your comments and likes if you likes and share it to the other, and follow my link. this include the 10 steps of baby friendly hospital initiatives.
This includes the physical development , motor - gross and fine motor development , language development , intellectual development , psychosocial development , play, common health problems and areas of health education of the school aged children .(6 - 12 years)
Role of Child Health Nurse in caring of Hospital ChildAlka Singh
Subject : Child Health Nursing. Topic : Role Of Child Health Nurse In Child care at Hospital, Nursing Diagnosis, Various Measures to make hospital Child Friendly, Nurses Role in Care Of Toddlers, Infants, School Children, Adolescent.
HOSPITALIZATION: Effect on children and their parentsShivani Thakur
The experience of hospitalization in children can be considered as a process of effort for returning to health and, on the whole, the regaining of the individual's status in the world.
Nurse can ease this process by showing the importance of experience and feelings of individuals at the time of hospitalization and help people to adapt themselves to their new surroundings.
kindly give your comments and likes if you likes and share it to the other, and follow my link. this include the 10 steps of baby friendly hospital initiatives.
This includes the physical development , motor - gross and fine motor development , language development , intellectual development , psychosocial development , play, common health problems and areas of health education of the school aged children .(6 - 12 years)
Role of Child Health Nurse in caring of Hospital ChildAlka Singh
Subject : Child Health Nursing. Topic : Role Of Child Health Nurse In Child care at Hospital, Nursing Diagnosis, Various Measures to make hospital Child Friendly, Nurses Role in Care Of Toddlers, Infants, School Children, Adolescent.
TRENDS IN PEDIATRICS AND PEDIATRIC NURSING
Pediatric regarded as the medical science which enables an anticipated newborn to grow into a healthy adult, useful to the society
TRENDS IN PEDIATRICS AND PEDIATRIC NURSING
Pediatric regarded as the medical science which enables an anticipated newborn to grow into a healthy adult, useful to the society
People also ask
What is childhood and adolescent?
“Child development”, or “child and adolescent development” refer to the process of growth and maturation of the human individual from conception to adulthood. The term “adolescence” has particular connotations in particular cultural and social contexts.Adolescence is a critical link between childhood and adulthood, characterized by significant physical, psychological, and social transitions. These transitions carry new risks but also present opportunities to positively influence the immediate and future health of young people.It aims to give the students the theoretical knowledge, appropriate values and pedagogical skills to effectively deal with learners at different levels by investigating the various theories and learning principles of children's development, growth, and learning based on founded research trends.It aims to give the students the theoretical knowledge, appropriate values and pedagogical skills to effectively deal with learners at different levels by investigating the various theories and learning principles of children's development, growth, and learning based on founded research trends.It aims to give the students the theoretical knowledge, appropriate values and pedagogical skills to effectively deal with learners at different levels by investigating the various theories and learning principles of children's development, growth, and learning based on founded research trends.It aims to give the students the theoretical knowledge, appropriate values and pedagogical skills to effectively deal with learners at different levels by investigating the various theories and learning principles of children's development, growth, and learning based on founded research trends.It aims to give the students the theoretical knowledge, appropriate values and pedagogical skills to effectively deal with learners at different levels by investigating the various theories and learning principles of children's development, growth, and learning based on founded research trends.It aims to give the students the theoretical knowledge, appropriate values and pedagogical skills to effectively deal with learners at different levels by investigating the various theories and learning principles of children's development, growth, and learning based on founded research trends.
People also ask
What is childhood and adolescent?
“Child development”, or “child and adolescent development” refer to the process of growth and maturation of the human individual from conception to adulthood. The term “adolescence” has particular connotations in particular cultural and social contexts.Adolescence is a critical link between childhood and adulthood, characterized by significant physical, psychological, and social transitions. These transitions carry new risks but also present opportunities to positively influence the immediate and future health of young people.
Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
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These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
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Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Recomendações da OMS sobre cuidados maternos e neonatais para uma experiência pós-natal positiva.
Em consonância com os ODS – Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e a Estratégia Global para a Saúde das Mulheres, Crianças e Adolescentes, e aplicando uma abordagem baseada nos direitos humanos, os esforços de cuidados pós-natais devem expandir-se para além da cobertura e da simples sobrevivência, de modo a incluir cuidados de qualidade.
Estas diretrizes visam melhorar a qualidade dos cuidados pós-natais essenciais e de rotina prestados às mulheres e aos recém-nascidos, com o objetivo final de melhorar a saúde e o bem-estar materno e neonatal.
Uma “experiência pós-natal positiva” é um resultado importante para todas as mulheres que dão à luz e para os seus recém-nascidos, estabelecendo as bases para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar a curto e longo prazo. Uma experiência pós-natal positiva é definida como aquela em que as mulheres, pessoas que gestam, os recém-nascidos, os casais, os pais, os cuidadores e as famílias recebem informação consistente, garantia e apoio de profissionais de saúde motivados; e onde um sistema de saúde flexível e com recursos reconheça as necessidades das mulheres e dos bebês e respeite o seu contexto cultural.
Estas diretrizes consolidadas apresentam algumas recomendações novas e já bem fundamentadas sobre cuidados pós-natais de rotina para mulheres e neonatos que recebem cuidados no pós-parto em unidades de saúde ou na comunidade, independentemente dos recursos disponíveis.
É fornecido um conjunto abrangente de recomendações para cuidados durante o período puerperal, com ênfase nos cuidados essenciais que todas as mulheres e recém-nascidos devem receber, e com a devida atenção à qualidade dos cuidados; isto é, a entrega e a experiência do cuidado recebido. Estas diretrizes atualizam e ampliam as recomendações da OMS de 2014 sobre cuidados pós-natais da mãe e do recém-nascido e complementam as atuais diretrizes da OMS sobre a gestão de complicações pós-natais.
O estabelecimento da amamentação e o manejo das principais intercorrências é contemplada.
Recomendamos muito.
Vamos discutir essas recomendações no nosso curso de pós-graduação em Aleitamento no Instituto Ciclos.
Esta publicação só está disponível em inglês até o momento.
Prof. Marcus Renato de Carvalho
www.agostodourado.com
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
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Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
7. PRESENTED BY- RUTUPARNA SATAPATHY
M.SC (N) 1ST YEAR
GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT OF
SCHOOLAGE
AND
ADOLESCENCE
8. OBJECTIVES
• After the completion of class the students
will able to understand the characteristics
and the development process of school
age and adolescence children.
9. Growth and development of
school age
School-age period is between the age of
6 to 12 years.
10. PHYSICAL GROWTH
Weight:
• School–age child gains about 3.8kg/year.
Height:
• The child gains about 5cm/year .
Dentition:
• Permanent teeth erupt during school-age
period, starting from 6 years.
11. FINE MOTOR
• Writing skills improve
• Fine motor with more focus
• Musical instrument
• Painting
• Typing skills
• Technology: computers
12. MOTOR DEVELOPMENT
At 6–8 years, the school–age child:
• Rides a bicycle.
• Runs Jumps, climbs and hops.
• Has improved eye-hand coordination.
• learn cursive writing.
• Can brush and comb hair.
13. CONT…
At 8–10 years, the school–age child:
• Throws balls skillfully.
• Uses to participate in organized sports.
• Uses both hands independently.
• Handles eating utensils (spoon, fork, knife)
skillfully.
15. PIGET’S THEORY OF
INTELLEECTUALLIZATION
• Concrete Operations-
• Learns to reason about events in the here-
and-now.
• Children develop the capacity to think
systematically, but only when they can
refer to actual objects and use hands-on
activities.
• .
16. CONT…
• Then they begin to internalize some tasks.
This means they no longer need to
depend on what is seen.
• They become capable of reversing
operations.
17. CONT…
For example, they understand that 3 + 1 is
the same as 1 + 3. When real situations
are presented, they are beginning to
understand others’ points of view.
18. EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT
• Fears injury to body and fear of dark.
• Jealous of siblings (especially 6–8 years
old child).
• Curious about everything.
• Has short bursts of anger by age of 10
years but able to control anger by 12yr.
19. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
• Wants other children to play with
him.
• Insists on being first in every thing
• Becomes peer oriented.
20. CONT…
• Improves relationship with siblings.
• Has greater self–control, confident,
sincere.
• Respects parents and their role.
• Joins group (formal and informal)
21. ACCORDING TO ERICKSON’S
THEORY
• industry vs. inferiority (6 to 12 yrs)
• At this time, children enjoy planning and
carrying out projects.
• This helps them learn society’s rules and
expectations.
22. CONT…
• During this stage, children gain approval
by developing intellectual skills such as
reading, writing, and math. The way family,
neighbors, teachers, and friends respond
to children affects their future
development.
23. CONT…
• Children can become frustrated by
criticism discouragement, or if parents
demand too much control.
• Feelings of incompetence and insecurity
will emerge.
24. SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT
• According to SIGMUNDFREUD theory-
Latency
• During this stage, sexual instincts subside,
and children begin to further develop the
superego, or conscience. Children begin to
behave in morally acceptable ways and
adopt the values of their parents and other
important adults
25. RED FLAGS OF THIS AGE
GROUP
• School failure
• Lack of friends
• Social isolation
• Aggressive behavior: fights.
26. NEEDS OF SCHOOL AGE
CHILDREN
• During this age the child is very inquistive
and asks a lot of questions to get the
needed information.
• He loves playing with children of same
sex.
27. CONT….
• The main needs of children in this age are
nutrition, play rest and sleep, dental and
personal hygiene, safety and prevention of
accidents, prevention from sexual abuse
and drug abuse etc.
• Give a lot of love and support to the child.
28. CONT…
• Encourage child’s creativity.
• Encourage play and recreational activities.
• Teach children about socially acceptable
behaviors.
• Regular health check-up.
• Set limits on child’s behaviour.
29. HOW CAN WE SOLVE THE
PROBLEM OF THE SCHOOL
AGE CHILDREN
30. Guidelines to solve school
age children problem:
• Exercise: Encourage the child to exercise
for at least one hour every day. Exercise in
the form of active play, brisk walking and
other sports.
31. CONT….
• Physical activity also improves his
strength, makes his heart grow stronger,
and keeps the child at a healthy weight.
• Computer and video games should only
be used for 1 to 2 hrs a day or less
33. DIFINATION
Adolescence is a transition period from
childhood to adulthood.
Its is based on childhood experiences and
accomplishments.
34.
35.
36. PHYSICAL GROWTH
• Growth begins earlier in girls (10–14
years, while it is 12–16 in boys).
• Males gains 7 to 30kg, while female gains
7 to 25kg.
• Height:
By the age of 13, the adolescent triples his
birth length.
37. CONT…
• Males gains 10 to 30cm in height.
• Females gains less height than males as
they gain 5 to 20cm.
• Growth in height ceases at 16 or 17 years
in females and 18 to 20in males
38.
39.
40. PSYCHO-SEXUAL
DEVELOPMENT
• According to SIGMUND FREUD- Genital
• During this stage, sexual impulses
reemerge. If other stages have been
successfully met, adolescents engage in
appropriate sexual behavior, which may
lead to marriage and childbirth.
41. MORAL DEVELOPMENT
• Tend to be legalistic, focusing on “rules”
and “fairness”.
• Refrain moral belife of parents but begin to
test rule of childhood.
• Are influenced but the values of peers.
42. CONT…
• From a more personal conscience ,seek
moral criteria that make sense to them.
• Exhibit a stronger sense of responsibility
towards larger society.
43. EMOTIONAL
• They are unpredectiable emotionally,are
sensitivity and prone to outbursts.
• Are vulnerable to emotional please and can
be easily manipulted.
• Exhibit an increasing capacity for empathy.
• Experience increasing sexual feeling may
engage in sexual behaviour without realizing
cosequence.
44. PSYCHOSOCIAL
• According to ERICSON’S
PSYCHOSOCIAL identity vs. role
confusion .
• In this stage two tasks are who they are
and what is their place in this world.
45. CONT…
• Success makes individual well adjusted
and feel happy.
• They don’t want to be failure in any work ,
if they then are feelings confusion.
47. • A balance between security and freedom
• Need of love
• Need for approval
• Need of self-expression
• Sex education on the suitable
basis is needed.
48. CONT…
• self care
• balanced diet
• eating habits
• personal hygiene
• accident prevention
49. CONT…
• prevention of sexual abuse,
• breast self examination and menstrual
hygiene
• and emotional disorders.
50.
51. • Anorexia nervosa
• Obesity &overweight
• Adolescent pregnancy
• Emotional problem
• Behavioural problem
• Thinking &studying problem
52.
53. • To setup ideal adolescent friendly health
facilities.
• To make existing ones or more youth
friendly.
• Key elements-confident , flexiable ,well
staffed information.
54.
55.
56.
57. RECENT TRENDS
• A Review of the Relationship Among Parenting Practices,
Parenting Styles, and Adolescent School Achievement. Christopher
Spera ,Educational Psychology Review volume 17, pages125–146(2005)
• This article reviews the literature on the relationship among parenting
practices, parenting styles, and adolescent school achievement. The
review of the empirical research indicates that parental involvement
and monitoring are robust predictors of adolescent achievement.
Several studies, however, indicate that parental involvement declines
in adolescence, prompting the call for future research on the reasons
for and associated consequences of this decline. Furthermore, the
review indicates that authoritative parenting styles are often
associated with higher levels of student achievement, although these
findings are not consistent across culture, ethnicity, and
socioeconomic status. Darling and Steinberg’s contextual model of
parenting provides a promising model to help resolve these
discrepancies, however, further research is needed to examine the
major linkages of the model. It is also argued that the contextual
model should expand its notion of context towards the larger cultural
and economic context in which families reside.
58. Basher. P. Shebeer, khan S. Yaseen, A
Concise Text Book of Advanced
Nursing Practice, First Edition, Emmess
Medical Publishers, Pg. no. 273-283.
SoniSamta, Text Book of Advanced
Nursing Practice, First Edition, Jaypee
Brothers Medical Publishers (p) Ltd, Pg.
no. 401-405 and 389-392.
BrarNavdeepKaur, RawatHc, Text Book
of Advanced Nursing Practice, First
Edition, The Health Sciences
Publishers, Pg. no. 444-464.
Basavanthappa .BT, Fundamental of
Nursing, second Edition, Jaypee
Brothers Medical Publishers (p) Ltd Pg.
no. 849-871.
Dutta parul,pediatric nursing ,second
edition(2009),Jaypee Brothers Medical
Publishers (p) Ltd Pg. no. 115-128.