The document outlines various forms of child abuse, including physical, emotional, neglect, sexual abuse, and bullying, highlighting signs and impacts of each type. It emphasizes the long-term consequences of such abuses on children and the importance of recognizing signs to prevent them. It also underlines the role of society in safeguarding children and addressing these issues effectively.

1. CHILD
ABUSE
Prepared By
Yousef Elshrek

2. Child abuse has long-terms-
effect on children and the rest
of society.
Each person in the general
population has a rule to play in
preventing child abuse.
The first step in helping abused
children is learning to recognize
the signs of child abuse.
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3. Types of Child abuse
• Physical
This harm is not accidental.
Physical abuse is deliberate harm to a child
which causes bruises, cuts, burns or broken
bones.
In babies, shaking or hitting them can cause
non-accidental head injuries which can have
life-altering consequences.
Any physical abuse can have serious
consequences for children as they grow up
and can cause long lasting harm.
physical-abuse-parental-behavior-indicators-l.jpg

4. 2. Emotional
• This is sometimes called psychological abuse. Emotional
abuse is the ongoing emotional maltreatment. It can involve
deliberately trying to scare or humiliate a child. It can also
involve isolating or ignoring a child.
• Emotional abuse often happens at the same time as neglect
or other abuse.
https://www.bing.com/images/blob?bcid=TzB68E3OwBID3A
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l-abuse-clipart.med.png
https://www.indiaparentingtips.com/2018/06/what-is-emotional-abuse-identify-role-to-stop.html

5. 3. Neglect
• This is the persistent failure to meet a child’s
basic physical and/or psychological needs. It is
likely to result in the serious impairment of the
child’s health or development. Neglect may
happen during pregnancy as a result of
maternal substance abuse. Once a child is
born, neglect may involve a parent :
• not to providing adequate food and clothing;
shelter, including exclusion from home;
failing to protect a child from physical and
emotional harm or danger; failure to ensure
adequate supervision including the use of
inadequate care- takers; or the failure to ensure
access to appropriate medical care or
treatment. It may also include a failure to meet
a child’s basic emotional needs.
https://www.freepik.com/free-vector/family-
problems_3887120.htm#page=1&query=child%20abuse&position=
4

6. 5. Sexual
• The age of consent is 16years old. Below that age,
the law states a young person cannot consent to
sexual acts.
• Sexual abuse involves forcing or enticing a child or
young person to take part in sexual activities,
including prostitution, whether the child is aware
of what is happening. The activities can include
acts such as kissing, touching or fondling the
child’s genitals or breasts, vaginal or anal
intercourse or oral sex
• They may include non-contact activities, such as
children looking at, or being involved in the
production of pornographic material or watching
sexual activities.
• Research by the NSPCC found that 72 percent of
sexually abused children do not tell anyone about
what happened at the time, and that 31 percent still
have not told anyone by early adulthood.
https://images.newindianexpress.com/uploads/user/imagelibrary/2019/11/19/
w900X450/PARENTS_STEP.jpg

7. 6. Bullying
• This can be defined as deliberately hurtful
behavior. It is usually repeated over a
period and occurs where it is difficult for
those bullied to defend themselves. It can
take many forms, but the three main types
are physical, verbal and emotional.
• The damage inflicted by bullying can often
be underestimated. Bullying can cause
significant distress to children so much, so
it affects their health and development.
• If you are concerned about a young person
or vulnerable adult, speak to your
designated safeguarding officer.
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8. • Neglect Definition
• The term neglect is defined in both
Federal and State legislation and can
vary to some degree from state to state
• In simple form, it is defined as a failure
of caretakers to provide adequate
emotional and physical care for a child.
• Expanded on, child neglect can be
defined as failing to provide clothing,
shelter, care that is necessary for a
child’s health.
Il Divorzio Danneggia I Bambini ... - it.dreamstime.com

9. • PHYSICAL SIGNS OF NEGLECT
• Neglect may be present when a child
has these physical signs:
• Looks undernourished and is usually
hangry is consistently dirty and has
sever body odor, lacks sufficient
clothing for the weather, lacks needed
medical or dental care, immunizations
or glasses, or frequently absent from
schools.
https://image.slideserve.com/1444252/warning-signs-of-neglect-l.jpg
https://usercontent2.hubstatic.com/12797631_f520.jpg

10. • MENTAL INJURY
DEFINITION
• Means harm to a child’s
psychological or intellectual
functioning which may be
exhibited by severe anxiety,
depression, withdrawal or
outward aggressive behavior,
or a combination of those
behaviors, which may be
demonstrated by a change in
behavior, emotional response
or cognition.
https://media.istockphoto.com/vectors/vector-outline-
illustration-of-human-brain-vector-id499557711
Modified image

11. • BEHAVIORAL SIGNS OF NEGLECT
• Behavioral signs is look for in a child is that
neglected may include:
• Bagging or stealing for food
• Chronic Hunger
• Falls asleep in school
• Excessive absence and/ or tardiness.
• Dull, apathetic appearance
• Rums away from home
• Repeated acts of vandalism
• Reports no caretaker in the home
• Poor social skills
• Language delays or disorders
• Depression
https://www.istockphoto.com/vector/neglected-child
A set of human pictogram representing
neglected child. This includes negligence of
food, ignoring, bias, shuttling, emotional
support, improper clothing, and leaving a baby
in the car.

12. • PHYSICALABUSE PART 1
• Physical abuse legally is defined as that causes or
threatens to cause non-accidental physical injury
such bruises, lacerations, fractures, or internal
injury. Physical abuse can be divided into two pars
• An action on the part of a caregiver.
• An effect upon a child such as a physical injury or
behavior.
• PHYSICALABUSE PART 2
• Physical injury usually occurs when the parent is
frustrated or angry and strikes , shakes or throws the
child.
• Physical abuse may also be intentional, deliberate
assaults such as burring , biting, or cutting.
www.dreamstime.com. /child physical abuse/spank

13. • PHYSICAL SIGNS OF
PHYSICALABUSE
• What are the physical signs
associated with physical abuse?
• Consider the possibility of
physical abuse when the child
has:
1. Unexplained bits, bruises,
broken bones, or black
eyes.
2. Questionable burns such
as cigar or cigarette burns,
immersion burns or rope
burns
3. Fading bruises or other
marks noticeable after an
absence from school.
4. Questionable cuts and
scrapes in the mouth, lips
or eyes.
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14. • BEHAVIORAL SIGNED OF PHYSICAL ABUSE
Along with physical signs the child may exhibit behavioral indicators of
physical abuse, these may include
1. Being frightened of the parents
2. Being afraid og adults.
3. Arriving at school early and /or staying late.
4. Reports an injury by a parent or another adult caregiver.
5. Being afraid to go home.
6. Being uncomfortable physical contact.
7. Complaining of soreness or moving comfortably

15. 1. Misuses alcohol or other drugs.
2. Takes an unseal amount of time to
obtain medical care for the child.
3. Offers conflicting unconvincing or no
explanation for the child’s injury.
4. Seems unconcerned about the child
5. Describe the child in some negatively
way.
6. Uses harsh physical discipline with
the child.
7. Has a history of abuse as a child.
8. Sees the child as bad , evil,
etc.
9. Takes the child to a different
doctor or hospital for each
injury
10.Shows poor impulse control.
11.Attempts to conceal the child
injury.
• PARENTAL SIGNS OF PHYSICAL ABUSE?
• Parent or caregiver may also exhibit signs: Consider the possibility of physical
abuse when the parent or caregiver:

16. • DEFINITION OF SEXUAL ABUSE
(PART 1)
• It may be defined as an illegal sexual act
upon a child including incest, rape ,
indecent exposure or fondling.
• Child sexual abuse, also called child
molestation, is a form of child abuse in
which an adult or older adolescent uses a
child for sexual stimulation. Forms of
child sexual abuse include engaging in
sexual activities with a child (whether by
asking or pressuring, or by other means),
indecent exposure (of the genitals, female
nipples, etc.), child grooming, and child
sexual exploitation, including using a child
to produce child pornography.
https://images.squarespacecdn.com/content/v1/5384f3d6e4b096d0898cdda5/1524191934516-
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17. • Sexual Abuse
• Definition
• Commercial sexual exploitation of
children ( also is known as domestic
minor sex trafficking) is a sexual abusee
/prostitution of a child by an adult
involving payment in cash, food shelter,
or other forms of value to the child or
third person.
• sexual exploitation involves treatment
of the child as a sexual and commercial
object for activities such as prostitution,
adult entertainment phonography and
other form of transactional sex where a
child engages in sexual activities. https://www.tastessightssounds.com/2015/06/libby...

18. • DEFINITION OF SEXUALABUSE (PART 2)
• Bestiality (sexual act with animals)
• Masturbation
• Lewd exhibition of the breasts, genitals or pubic
area.
• Condition of being fettered, bound, or otherwise
physically restrained on the part of person who is
nude.
• Physical contact in an act of apparent sexual
stimulation or gratification with any person’s
clothed or unclothed genitals, pubic area, or
buttocks or with a female’s clothed or unclothed
breast.
https://image.sciencenordic.com/1408500.jpg?imageId=1408500&width=1
058&height=604
https://i2.wp.com/psffirm.com/wpcontent/uploads/2018/11/lewd.jpg?w=500&ssl=1

19. • DEFINITION OF SEXUALABUSE (PART 3)
• Defecation or urination for the purpose stimulation.
• Penetration of the vagina or rectum by any object except when done as
a part of recognized medical procedure.
• The act may be for the sexual gratification of the perpetrator or a third
party.
• This would, therefore, include not only anyone who actively involved
in the sexual activity, but also anyone who allowed or encouraged it.

20. • PHYSICAL SIGNS OF SEXUALABUSE
• Often there are no obvious physical signs of sexual abuse.
• Some signs sexual abuse can only be detected on physical
exam by physician.
• There are some signs to be aware such as:
1. Has new words for private body parts
2. Difficulty walking or sitting.
3. Unusual vaginal odor or discharge.
4. Bruising, bleeding, swelling, tears or cuts of genitals ,
anus, or mouth.
5. Persistent or recurring pain during urination and bowel
movements
6. Torn, stained, or bloody clothing, especially underwear.
7. Sexually-transmitted infections

21. • BEHAVIORAL SIGNS OF
SEXUALABUSE(PART 1)
• Sexual abused children may have
the following behavioral signs:
1. Unusual interest in or avoidance
of things of a sexual nature.
2. Depression or withdrawal from
friends or family.
3. Fear that there is something
wrong with them in the genital
area.
4. Unusual aggressiveness
5. Suicidal behavior.
6. Sleep problems or nightmares.
7. Delinquency contact problem.
https://cdnprod.medicalnewstoday.com/content/images/articles/241/241532/children-s-
drawings-of-abuse.jpg
8. Displays aspects of sexual
molestation in drawings,
games, or fantasies.
9. Asks other children to behave
sexually or play sexual games
10. Mimics adult-like sexual
behaviors with toys or stuffed
animal

22. • BEHAVIORAL SIGNS OF
SEXUALABUSE(PART2)
• One of the strongest indicators
of sexual abuse is a child’s
report.
• When a child says that he or
she has been sexually abused.,
take the statement seriously.
• Err on the side of the child’s
protection.

23. • PARENTAL SIGNS OF SEXUALABUSE
• Be aware if the parent or caregiver exhibits the following signs:
1. Is unduly protective of the child or severely limits the child’s
contact, especially of the opposite sex.
2. Is secretive and isolated.
3. Is jealous of controlling with family members.

25. BEHAVIOR SIGNS OF MENTAL INJURY
White mental injury there is a continuing pattern of
rejecting, terrorizing, ignoring, isolating or corrupting a
child, resulting in serious damage of the child.
Children suffering from mental injury may show the
following signs and/or symptoms:
• They may have speech or sleep disorders.
• They fail to grow normally.
• They may be very regressive or withdrawn.
• They show abnormal need for emotional support.

26. • THREAT OF HARM
• Abuse can also include threatened harm to
a child which means subjecting a child to
a substantial risk of harm of the child’s
health or welfare.
• Threat harm includes witnessing or
intervening in domestic violence
• Threat of harm is the most common of
maltreatment
• 39.1 % of maltreatment includes
experienced in Oregon were threats of
harm during 2017.
• This can include a child living with an
adult who has a past conviction of a child
abuse and who behavior and
circumstances present a threat.
https://monocounty.ca.gov/sites/default/files/styles/full_node_primary/publi
c/imageattachments/social-services/page/7977/child_abuse2.png?itok=S0-
Q8dJU
https://www.ulc.org/assets/ulc/blog/scaled/child-hiding-from-domestic-
violence.jpg

27. • THREAT OF HARM: NEGLECT
• Threat of harm by neglect can be
any/all the following:
1. Parent / caregiver’s current mental
condition places the child at a threat
of sever harm.
2. Parent / caregiver has neglected a
child causing the death of a child
and Parent / caregiver behavior,
conditions or circumstances causing
the death have not been amended.
https://i2.wp.com/eschool.iaspaper.net/wp-
content/uploads/2018/05/ChildNeglect.jpg?zoom=1.5&resize=463%2C300&ssl=1

28. • THREAT OF HARM: PHYSICAL
ABUSE
• Threat of harm by physical abuse can be
any/all the following:
1. Parent/caregiver’s reckless treatment
towards a child have resulted in sever
physical harm.
2. Parent/caregiver has caused sever
physical abuse to any child and the
parent/caregiver’s behavior, conditions or
circumstances causing the death have not
been amended.
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sqp=CAU
https://thefrasiercrane.files.wordpress.com/2013/11/childabuse5.jpg

29. • THREAT OF HARM: SEXUAL ABUSE /
EXPLOITATION
• Threat of harm of sexual abuse /
exploitation can be any / all the following:
1. Rape of a child, which include but not
limited to rape, sodomy, unlawful sexual
penetration or incest.
2. Sexual abuse
https://images.hindustantimes.com/rf/image_size_630x354/HT/p2/2017/12/28/Pi
ctures/child-abuse-minor-rape_71c4b8f6-eb36-11e7-ba01-0264b08f54bd.jpg
3. Sexual exploitation, include but not limited to: Contributing to the sexual
delinquencies of minor and any other contact which allows, employs,
authorized, permits, induce, or encourages a child to engage in the performing
for people to observe of the photographing, filming, tape recording or other
exhibition which, in whole or in part, depicts conduct of contact.

30. • THREAT OF HARM: MENTAL INJURY
• Threat of harm by mental injury can
1. A child has been exposed to cruel and
unconscionable parent/caregivers' behaviors
such as repeated incidence of supering,
terrorizing, torture, or a single act of extreme
violence such as murder of another child which
may impact the child’s psychological,
cognitive or behavior development. It is
reasonable to believe this exposure would
result in sever harm.
2. parent/caregiver has cause mental injury to any
child and the parent/caregiver’s behaviors,
conditions, circumstances causing the sever
harm have not been amended.

31. • THREAT OF HARM: DOMESTIC
VIOLENCE (PART1)
• Threat of harm by domestic violence
can be any/all the following:
1. The child was present and in direct
proximity to the violence( including
but not limited to being held while
the partner is being assaulted, or
physically restrained from leaving).
2. A child was actively intervening or
threatening to actively intervene in
a violent act.

32. • THREAT OF HARM: DOMESTIC VIOLENCE
(PART2)
• Threat of harm by domestic violence can also be any/ all
the following:
1.A child has been exposed (exposure means seen or directly
perceived in any other manner) to the battering behaviors
of parent /caregiver such as:
• Violence increasing in severity or frequency
• repeated severe incidents of domestic violence.
• use weapons
• believable threats of suicide or homicide
• A single act of extreme violence
• It is reasonable to believe the battering behavior could result in
severe harm to the child.
2. Parent/ caregiver has caused the death of the child’s parent
/caregiver, and the behavior, conditions, or circumstances
that caused that death have not ameliorated
Battering behavior
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/thumb/msid-14848458,width-
1200,height-900,resizemode-4/.jpg

33. • DEFINITION OF THE OTHER ABUSE
• The following abuse may be categorized under
the neglect or threat of harm abuse types:
1. Unlawful exposure to a controlled substance
subjects a child to a substantial risk of harm
to the child’s health or safety.
2. Not allowed buying or selling any person
under 18 years of age.
3. Not permitted a person under 18 to enter or
remain in or upon premises where
methamphetamine is being manufactured.
4. Methamphetamine is a powerful, highly
addictive stimulant that affects the central
nervous system. It takes the form
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Methamphetamine

34. • FAILURE TO SUPERVISE
1. Children under ten should never be left alone.
2. Children between 10 and 12 can be left for a brief
period, such as children who arrive home from
school before their parents get home and have a
specific plan in place (Latchkey child).
3. There is no law regarding a specific babysitter age.
What is being taught by the local classes in
Oregon is that prospective sitters are between 11
and 12 years old.
Latchkey child
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/S
chluesselkind.JPG/330px-Schluesselkind.JPG
A child with keys to her
home hanging from her neck

35. • References
• "Child Sexual Abuse". Medline Plus. U.S. National Library of Medicine. 2008-04-02.
• "Guidelines for psychological evaluations in child protection matters. Committee on Professional Practice
and Standards, APA Board of Professional Affairs". The American Psychologist. 54 (8): 586–593. August 1999.
doi:10.1037/0003-066X.54.8.586. PMID 10453704. Abuse, sexual (child): generally defined as contacts
between a child and an adult or other person significantly older or in a position of power or control over the
child, where the child is being used for sexual stimulation of the adult or other person.
• Williams, Mike (2019). "The NSPCC's Protect & Respect child sexual exploitation programme: a discussion of
the key findings from programme implementation and service use" (PDF). London: NSPCC. Archived from the
original (PDF) on 29 March 2019. Retrieved 29 March 2019.
• Williams, Mike (March 2019). "Evaluation of the NSPCC's Protect & Respect child sexual exploitation one-to-
one work" (PDF). London: NSPCC. Retrieved 29 March 2019.
• Williams, Mike (March 2019). "Evaluation of the NSPCC's Protect & Respect Child Sexual Exploitation Group
Work Servic" (PDF). London: NSPCC. Retrieved 29 March 2019.
• Martin J, Anderson J, Romans S, Mullen P, O'Shea M (1993). "Asking about child sexual abuse:
methodological implications of a two stage survey". Child Abuse & Neglect. 17 (3): 383–92.
doi:10.1016/0145-2134(93)90061-9. PMID 8330225.
• "What is sexual abuse?". NSPCC. Archived from the original on 24 January 2016. Retrieved 12 January 2016.

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fwp-content%2fuploads%2f2015%2f09%2fChild-
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JZNd1QfWhYfao8Cngx6JbraajDvD5lu_5KeljQHbb2XiC4EEPEbDUyrSRA&usqp=CAU
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