Chapter 6 discusses chemical bonding with a focus on covalent bonding and molecular compounds, defining key terms such as molecules, chemical formulas, and molecular formulas. It introduces concepts like the octet rule, electron-dot notation, and different types of bonds including single, double, and triple bonds. Additionally, it highlights the importance of lone pairs and the structure of Lewis diagrams.

1. Chapter 6: Chemical Bonding6.2 – Covalent Bonding and Molecular Compounds

2. Molecule – neutral group of atoms that are held together by covalent bondsMolecular Compound – chemical compound whose simplest units are molecules

3. Chemical Formula – indicates the relative numbers of atoms of each kind in a chemical compound by using atomic symbols and numerical scriptsMolecular Formula – shows the types and numbers of atoms combined in a single molecule of a molecular compound.

4. Diatomic Molecules – molecules containing only two atoms.Br2Cl2F2H2I2N2O2

5. Octet Rule-> Chemical compounds tend to form so that each atom, by gaining, losing, or sharing electrons, has an octet of electrons in its highest occupied energy level.Electron-Dot Notation – notation in which only the valence electrons of an atom of a particular element are shown. Dots are placed around the elements symbol.

6. One Valence ElectronX

7. Two Valence ElectronsX

8. Three Valence ElectronsX

9. Four Valence ElectronsX

10. Five Valence ElectronsX

11. Six Valence ElectronsX

12. Seven Valence ElectronsX

13. Eight Valence ElectronsX

14. Lewis Structure – formulas in which atomic symbols represent nuclei and inner shell electrons — covalent bonds : unshared pair of electronsLone pair (unshared pair) – pair of electrons that is not involved in bonding and that belongs exclusively to one atom.

15. Double bond – covalent bond produced by the sharing of two pairs of electrons between atoms. carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen can share more than one electron pairTriple bond – covalent bond produced by the sharing of three pairs of electron between two atoms.