Planning is deciding in advance what actions need to be taken, including when, where, how, and by whom, in order to achieve goals. It involves intellectual processes like forecasting, problem-solving, decision-making, and policy development. Effective planning is participatory, involving people at all organizational levels, and establishes priorities and strategies to transition from the current state to the desired future state.

2. In simple words, planning is deciding
in advance what is to be done, when
where, how and by whom it is to be
done. Planning bridges the gap from
where we are to where we want to go.

3. “Planning is an intellectual process,
conscious determination of course of
action, the basing of decision on
purpose, facts and considered
estimates.”

4. Sub
functions
of
planning
Forecasti
ng
Problem
solving
Decision
making
strategy
formulati
on
Policy
making
Program
ming
innovatio
n

6. The following are the characteristics of effective
planning :
Primacy
Requires
participati
on from
all levels

15. Best Practices in Succession
Planning in Forbes

17. 2.
4.