This document discusses sampling and different sampling methods. It defines sampling as selecting a small group from a larger population to make conclusions about the whole group. There are probability and non-probability sampling methods. Probability methods like simple random, stratified, cluster, and systematic sampling give reliable representations by randomly selecting participants. Non-probability methods like convenience, judgmental, snowball, and quota sampling rely on researcher judgment and cannot generalize to the full population. The document provides examples and explanations of each sampling method.
This Presentation Will lead you towards a deep and neat study of the research sample and survey. It will be based on the main concepts of sampling types of sampling, types of surveys.
Types of Sampling : Probability and Non-probability
Probability sampling methods:
Simple random sampling
Cluster sampling
Systematic Sampling
Stratified Random sampling
2. Non-Probability:
Convenience sampling
Consecutive sampling
Quota sampling
Judgmental or Purposive sampling
Snowball sampling.
DATA GATHERING IS PART OF THE PROCESS IN DOING A RESEARCH. THIS PRESENTATION IS PART OF THE REQUIREMENTS IN COMPLETING THE COURSE EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH UNDER THE MASTER OF ARTS IN HOME ECONOMICS, A GRADUATE STUDY PROGRAM OF ZAMBOANGA STATE COLLEGE OF MARINE SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY , ZAMBOANGA CITY.
This Presentation Will lead you towards a deep and neat study of the research sample and survey. It will be based on the main concepts of sampling types of sampling, types of surveys.
Types of Sampling : Probability and Non-probability
Probability sampling methods:
Simple random sampling
Cluster sampling
Systematic Sampling
Stratified Random sampling
2. Non-Probability:
Convenience sampling
Consecutive sampling
Quota sampling
Judgmental or Purposive sampling
Snowball sampling.
DATA GATHERING IS PART OF THE PROCESS IN DOING A RESEARCH. THIS PRESENTATION IS PART OF THE REQUIREMENTS IN COMPLETING THE COURSE EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH UNDER THE MASTER OF ARTS IN HOME ECONOMICS, A GRADUATE STUDY PROGRAM OF ZAMBOANGA STATE COLLEGE OF MARINE SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY , ZAMBOANGA CITY.
The rationale of your research is the objective of the study. The reason should explain why the research was started in the first place. It's an essential part of your work since it demonstrates the significance and uniqueness of your research. As a result, it's often referred to as the study's reason. Your analysis would be arranged in an ideal world: observation, justification, hypothesis, objectives, methodology, findings, and conclusions. To begin writing your rationale, offer background information on all the research on your study topic. Then consider, "What is missing?" or "What are the research's unanswered questions?" Identify the gaps in the literature and explain why they must be filled. Finally, it resolves to serve as the foundation for your investigation.
Visit Here - https://pubrica.com/academy/physician-writing/how-to-write-the-rationale-for-research/
By the end of this presentation you should be able to:
Describe the justification of qualitative Sampling Techniques
Understand different types of Sampling Techniques
Historical Research is the systematic and objective evaluation and synthesis of evidence in order to establish facts and draw conclusions about past events.
The rationale of your research is the objective of the study. The reason should explain why the research was started in the first place. It's an essential part of your work since it demonstrates the significance and uniqueness of your research. As a result, it's often referred to as the study's reason. Your analysis would be arranged in an ideal world: observation, justification, hypothesis, objectives, methodology, findings, and conclusions. To begin writing your rationale, offer background information on all the research on your study topic. Then consider, "What is missing?" or "What are the research's unanswered questions?" Identify the gaps in the literature and explain why they must be filled. Finally, it resolves to serve as the foundation for your investigation.
Visit Here - https://pubrica.com/academy/physician-writing/how-to-write-the-rationale-for-research/
By the end of this presentation you should be able to:
Describe the justification of qualitative Sampling Techniques
Understand different types of Sampling Techniques
Historical Research is the systematic and objective evaluation and synthesis of evidence in order to establish facts and draw conclusions about past events.
Qualitative sampling design is a key step in qualitative research, especially for rural development, researchers
this document provides the necessary details on the procedures to follow
A sample design is a definite plan for obtaining a sample from a given population. It refers to the technique or the procedure the researcher would adopt in selecting items for the sample. Sample design may as well lay down the number of items to be included in the sample i.e., the size of the sample. Sample design is determined before data are collected. There are many sample designs from which a researcher can choose. Some designs are relatively more precise and easier to apply than others. Researcher must select/prepare a sample design which should be reliable and appropriate for his research study.
Sampling is procedure or process of selecting some units from the population with some common characteristics and is primarily concerned with the collection of data of some selected units of the population.
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The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
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Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
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Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
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The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
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Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
2. SAMPLING
• If the data you collect really are the same as you
would get from the rest, then you can draw
conclusions from those answers which you can relate
to the whole group.
• This process of selecting just a small group of cases
from out of a large group is called sampling.
3.
4. The need to sample
Sampling- a valid alternative to a census when;
• A survey of the entire population is impracticable
• Budget constraints restrict data collection
• Time constraints restrict data collection
• Results from data collection are needed quickly
5. When doing a survey, the question inevitably arises:
• how representative is the sample of the whole
population, in other words;
• how similar are characteristics of the small group
of cases that are chosen for the survey to those of
all of the cases in the whole group?
6. Population in Research
• It does not necessarily mean a number of people,
it is a collective term used to describe the total
quantity of things (or cases) of the type which are
the subject of your study.
• So a population can consist of certain types of
objects, organizations, people or even events.
7. Sampling Frame
• Within this population, there will probably be only
certain groups that will be of interest to your study,
this selected category is your sampling frame.
8. Populations can have the following
characteristics:
Characteristics Explains Examples
homogeneous all cases are similar bottles of beer on a production line
stratified contain strata or layers people with different levels of income: low,
medium, high
proportional
stratified
contains strata of
known proportions
percentages of different nationalities of
students in a university
grouped by type contains distinctive
groups
of apartment buildings – towers, slabs, villas,
tenement blocks
grouped by
location
different groups
according to where
they are
animals in different habitats – desert,
equatorial forest, savannah, tundra
11. Probability sampling techniques give the most reliable
representation of the whole population.
Non-probability techniques, relying on the judgment
of the researcher or on accident, cannot generally be
used to make generalizations about the whole
population.
12. Probability Sampling
• It is a sampling technique in which sample from a larger
population are chosen using a method based on the theory of
probability.
• For a participant to be considered as a probability sample,
he/she must be selected using a random selection.
• The most important requirement of probability sampling is
that everyone in your population has a known and an equal
chance of getting selected.
• Probability sampling uses statistical theory to select randomly,
a small group of people (sample) from an existing large
population and then predict that all their responses together
will match the overall population.
13. Types of Probability Sampling
Four main techniques used for a probability sample:
Simple random
Stratified random
Cluster
Systematic
14. Simple random sampling
• As the name suggests is a completely random method of
selecting the sample. This sampling method is as easy as
assigning numbers to the individuals (sample) and then
randomly choosing from those numbers through an
automated process.
15. Stratified Random sampling
• Iinvolves a method where a larger population can be
divided into smaller groups, that usually don’t overlap but
represent the entire population together. While sampling
these groups can be organized and then draw a sample from
each group separately. A common method is to arrange or
classify by sex, age, ethnicity and similar ways.
16.
17. Cluster random sampling
• It is a way to randomly select participants when they are
geographically spread out. Cluster sampling usually analyzes
a particular population in which the sample consists of more
than a few elements, for example, city, family, university etc.
The clusters are then selected by dividing the greater
population into various smaller sections.
18.
19. Systematic Sampling
• It is when you choose every “nth” individual to be a part of
the sample. For example, you can choose every 5th person to
be in the sample. Systematic sampling is an extended
implementation of the same old probability technique in which
each member of the group is selected at regular periods to
form a sample. There’s an equal opportunity for every member
of a population to be selected using this sampling technique.
20. Types of Non-probability Sampling
Four main techniques used for a non-probability
sample:
Convenience
Judgemental
Snowball
Quota
21. Convenience Sampling
• It is a non-probability sampling technique used to create sample
as per ease of access, readiness to be a part of the sample,
availability at a given time slot or any other practical
specifications of a particular element.
• Convenience sampling involves selecting haphazardly those
cases that are easiest to obtain for your sample, such as the
person interviewed at random in a shopping center for a
television program.
22. Judgmental Sampling
• In the judgmental sampling, also called purposive sampling,
the sample members are chosen only on the basis of the
researcher’s knowledge and judgment.
• It enables you to select cases that will best enable you to
answer your research question(s) and to meet your
objectives.
23. Snowball Sampling
• Snowball sampling method is purely based on referrals and that
is how a researcher is able to generate a sample. Therefore this
method is also called the chain-referral sampling method.
• This sampling technique can go on and on, just like a snowball
increasing in size (in this case the sample size) till the time a
researcher has enough data to analyze, to draw conclusive
results that can help an organization make informed decisions.
24. Quota Ssampling
• Selection of members in this sampling technique happens on
basis of a pre-set standard. In this case, as a sample is formed
on basis of specific attributes, the created sample will have the
same attributes that are found in the total population. It is an
extremely quick method of collecting samples.
• Quota sampling is therefore a type of stratified sample in
which selection of cases within strata is entirely non-random.