This document appears to be a PowerPoint presentation about cultural values and intercultural communication. The presentation covers the following topics in 3-5 slides each: functions of cultural values, analyzing cultural value dimensions like individualism vs collectivism and masculinity vs femininity, additional value orientations, individual socialization development, and an intercultural reality check method called O-D-I-S. It includes examples, media clips, a self-assessment inventory, and an values exploration exercise to apply the concepts.

1. Understanding Intercultural
Communication Second Edition
Chapter 3
What are the Essential Cultural Value
Patterns?
Stella Ting-Toomey & Leeva C. Chung
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
PowerPoint Slides Designed by Alex Flecky and Noorie Baig

2. TODAY’S MENU
I. Functions of Cultural Values
II. Analyzing Cultural Value
Dimensions
III. Additional Value Orientations
IV. Individual Socialization Development
V. Intercultural Reality Check: Do-Ables

3. I. Functions of Cultural
Values
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4. I. Functions of Cultural
Values
A. Analyzing Cultural Values
B. Identity Meaning Function
C. Explanatory Function
D. Motivational Function
E. Ingroup–Outgroup
Evaluative Function
Click here to watch how Best Buy demonstrates how it
takes its cultural values and uses them throughout the
different countries in which it operates.

5. II. Analyzing Cultural Value
Dimensions
IDENTITY: Individualism Collectivism
POWER: Small Power Large Power
Distance Distance
Weak Strong
UNCERTAINTY Uncertainty
: Uncertainty
Avoidance Avoidance
SEX ROLES: Feminine Masculine

6. II. Analyzing Cultural Value Dimensions:
Individualism–Collectivism Value
Pattern
Individualistic Collectivistic Cultures
Cultures
“We” Identity
“I” Identity Extended family
Nuclear family Relational harmony
Privacy regulation Teamwork
Individual competition Ingroup emphasis
Personal competence Indirect comm.
Direct comm. patterns patterns
Independent self Interdependent self

7. II. Analyzing Cultural Value Dimensions:
Small–Large Power Distance Value
Pattern
Small Power Distance Large Power Distance
Emphasize interpersonal Emphasize status based
equality difference
Children may contradict Children should obey
parents parents
Younger people are smart Older people are wise
Teachers ask for feedback Teachers lecture
Subordinates expect Subordinates expect
consultation guidance
Informal comm. patterns Formal comm. patterns
Horizontal self Vertical self

8. II. Analyzing Cultural Value Dimensions:
Weak-Strong Uncertainty Avoidance Value
Pattern
Weak Uncertainty Strong Uncertainty
Avoidance Avoidance
Uncertainty is valued Uncertainty is a threat
Family is dynamic and Reinforce family rules
changing
Low mobility in
High mobility in relationships relationships
Challenges are welcome Routines are welcome
Encourage risk-taking Encourage clear
procedure
Conflict can be positive
Conflict is negative
High tolerance for ambiguity

9. II. Analyzing Cultural Value
Dimensions:
Feminine-Masculine Value Pattern
Feminine Cultures Masculine Cultures
Flexible sex roles Complementary sex roles
Emphasize nurturance Emphasize achievement
Both genders take Males take initiative
initiative Academic performance is
critical
Social adjustment is
critical Live in order to work
Work in order to live “Masculine” toughness vs.
“feminine” softness
Fluid gender Clear masculine/feminine
communication gender roles

10. II. Analyzing Cultural Value Dimensions:
Media Activities
My Big Fat Greek Wedding film clip:
Connect with the different value dimensions
Japanese Snowboarder: Values
During the 2008 Winter Olympics a Japanese
snowboarder received a large backlash from
his home country after wearing his
country’s uniform “inappropriately.”
Click here to watch video.
The Last Samurai film clip:
Click here to watch this clip about Feminine/
Masculine Cultures

11. II. Analyzing Cultural Value
Dimensions:
Self-Assessment Discussion
Four-Dimensional Values Inventory (DVI)
 What Factors Shape Your Values’ Development?
 Increase Your Self-Awareness of Value
Dimensions on Multiple Levels: Cultural/Ethnic,
Workplace, Family, and Personal Self.
 Dyadic Discussion: Increase Your Awareness of
Differences and Similarities between SELF and
OTHER. . .

12. III. Additional Value Orientation
Patterns

13. IV. Individual Socialization
Development
A. Independent versus Interdependent
Self-Construal
B. Horizontal versus Vertical Self-
Construal
C. Internal versus External Locus of
Control

14. V. Intercultural Reality Check: Do-
Ables
Flexible intercultural communicators:
Practice the O-D-I-S Method:
O= Observe verbal and nonverbal
signals attentively.
D= Describe specific behaviors with
a minimum of distortion.
I= Generate multiple interpretations
of the unfamiliar behaviors.
S= Suspend ethnocentric evaluation,
perform open-ended evaluation.

15. Values Exploration Exercise
“PARABLE” Application Exercise
 Individual Decision Ranking
 Group Discussion
 Group Decision Consensus Ranking
 In-Class Writing Assignment

16. Parting Thoughts…
Only if we understand can we care.
Only if we care will we help.
Only if we help shall they be saved. ~ Jane