Half of the world's population now lives in urban areas, a proportion that is increasing due to rural-to-urban migration pushed by factors like poverty and lack of opportunity and pulled by the availability of jobs, education, and services in cities. However, urbanization also creates problems like pollution, traffic congestion, and poverty in developing world cities. Approaches to improve urban sustainability include compact development, public transit investments, bicycling and pedestrian infrastructure, and policies to reduce sprawl like urban growth boundaries and smart growth zoning.
Sustainable Urban Development Recommendations for the City of Melbourne: SDG ...ESD UNU-IAS
Sustainable Urban Development Recommendations for the City of Melbourne: SDG Goal 11, Target 11.1
Presented by Ms. Ranaporn Tantiwechwuttikul and Ms. Zoljragal Mendbayar
2018 ProSPER.Net Leadership Programme
12-16 November, 2018
Constraint of Land Development in Bangladeshahadali39
This document discusses land constraints for development in Bangladesh. It defines land and land constraints, then lists the main constraints in Bangladesh as flooding, drainage congestion, waterlogging, drought, and more. It explains the reasons for land constraints are rising demand from population growth and limited land supply. Solutions proposed include mixed land use developments, increasing land productivity, and reducing waterlogging.
Housing shortages occur for several reasons: rapid population growth through high birth rates and rural-urban migration has increased demand for housing, especially in cities. However, limited land supply and competing uses for land have constrained new housing development. As a result, many urban areas in developing countries experience overcrowded slums and squatter settlements that lack basic services and safe shelter. Cities like Mumbai, Dharavi and Nairobi have struggled to provide adequate housing for the large populations living in poor conditions in their slums. Land-scarce cities like Singapore and Hong Kong also face housing shortages due to physical space constraints.
This document discusses various topics related to urbanization and employment structures. It begins by outlining some of the main problems of urbanization in developing countries such as housing, sanitation, and employment. It then describes features of urban land use, including bustees (slum housing) in India and the development of different functional zones within cities. The document also discusses employment structures and how they vary between more developed and less developed countries/regions. Specific examples of farming types and their key features are provided for different places like the UK, Netherlands, India, and Bangladesh. The impacts of farming on the environment and ways to make farming more wildlife sustainable are also examined.
Attendees of the 4th annual Keep Iowa Beautiful Annual Conference learned, discussed and heard a variety of valuable presentations from distinguished speakers and panelists within the industry. This presentation is for your review; feel free to share with others.
Please contact us if you have any questions, gschnepf@keepiowabeautiful.com.
If you've enjoyed what you've seen here, please consider becoming a member of Keep Iowa Beautiful which helps to continually support the improvement of Iowa communities and impacts statewide economic development.
Join today: www.keepiowabeautiful.com/memberships
Setting boundaries: Legislation of communal pasture areasILRI
Presentation by Birgit Boogaard and Michaela Cosijn at a training course for extension officers on sustainable management of communal pasture areas, Vilanculos, Mozambique, 8 November 2012.
This document discusses the history and impacts of dams in India from ancient to modern times. It notes that:
1) Large dams and reservoirs, both modern and ancient, have caused significant environmental and social problems due to displacement of people, loss of land and livelihoods, and disruption of ecosystems.
2) While dams were seen as symbols of progress and development, some major dam projects like the Narmada Project have faced protests over their environmental and human impacts.
3) There is a need for more sustainable alternatives to large dams, as smaller-scale traditional irrigation systems had fewer problems when properly maintained through local participation.
Sustainable Urban Development Recommendations for the City of Melbourne: SDG ...ESD UNU-IAS
Sustainable Urban Development Recommendations for the City of Melbourne: SDG Goal 11, Target 11.1
Presented by Ms. Ranaporn Tantiwechwuttikul and Ms. Zoljragal Mendbayar
2018 ProSPER.Net Leadership Programme
12-16 November, 2018
Constraint of Land Development in Bangladeshahadali39
This document discusses land constraints for development in Bangladesh. It defines land and land constraints, then lists the main constraints in Bangladesh as flooding, drainage congestion, waterlogging, drought, and more. It explains the reasons for land constraints are rising demand from population growth and limited land supply. Solutions proposed include mixed land use developments, increasing land productivity, and reducing waterlogging.
Housing shortages occur for several reasons: rapid population growth through high birth rates and rural-urban migration has increased demand for housing, especially in cities. However, limited land supply and competing uses for land have constrained new housing development. As a result, many urban areas in developing countries experience overcrowded slums and squatter settlements that lack basic services and safe shelter. Cities like Mumbai, Dharavi and Nairobi have struggled to provide adequate housing for the large populations living in poor conditions in their slums. Land-scarce cities like Singapore and Hong Kong also face housing shortages due to physical space constraints.
This document discusses various topics related to urbanization and employment structures. It begins by outlining some of the main problems of urbanization in developing countries such as housing, sanitation, and employment. It then describes features of urban land use, including bustees (slum housing) in India and the development of different functional zones within cities. The document also discusses employment structures and how they vary between more developed and less developed countries/regions. Specific examples of farming types and their key features are provided for different places like the UK, Netherlands, India, and Bangladesh. The impacts of farming on the environment and ways to make farming more wildlife sustainable are also examined.
Attendees of the 4th annual Keep Iowa Beautiful Annual Conference learned, discussed and heard a variety of valuable presentations from distinguished speakers and panelists within the industry. This presentation is for your review; feel free to share with others.
Please contact us if you have any questions, gschnepf@keepiowabeautiful.com.
If you've enjoyed what you've seen here, please consider becoming a member of Keep Iowa Beautiful which helps to continually support the improvement of Iowa communities and impacts statewide economic development.
Join today: www.keepiowabeautiful.com/memberships
Setting boundaries: Legislation of communal pasture areasILRI
Presentation by Birgit Boogaard and Michaela Cosijn at a training course for extension officers on sustainable management of communal pasture areas, Vilanculos, Mozambique, 8 November 2012.
This document discusses the history and impacts of dams in India from ancient to modern times. It notes that:
1) Large dams and reservoirs, both modern and ancient, have caused significant environmental and social problems due to displacement of people, loss of land and livelihoods, and disruption of ecosystems.
2) While dams were seen as symbols of progress and development, some major dam projects like the Narmada Project have faced protests over their environmental and human impacts.
3) There is a need for more sustainable alternatives to large dams, as smaller-scale traditional irrigation systems had fewer problems when properly maintained through local participation.
The document discusses housing from several perspectives:
1. It defines the differences between a house and housing, with housing referring to multiple dwelling units within a complex and including shared amenities.
2. It covers the history and evolution of housing from early shelters to permanent structures as societies became more sedentary.
3. It describes different types of housing including plots, multi-unit apartment blocks, and classifications based on ownership, income, family size and other factors.
The scramble for land and land-related resources by powerful actors engenders various resistance and challenges by peoples’ organizations, social movements, and activists committed to the advancement of the rural poor’s fundamental rights to the natural ‘commons’ and livelihood resources. Southeast Asia boasts of diverse and numerous movements and organizations committed to social and economic justice. In this presentation, Mary Ann shares some of the trends around land and resource grabbing-- including the dominant governance model: mechanisms, actors, experiences, and impacts, that is ‘transforming’ rural Southeast Asia, and resistance struggles, including key demands and alternative perspectives/visions.
Mary Ann Manahan is a program officer with Focus on the Global South-Philippines Programme. She joined Focus in 2003 and works on the Reclaiming the Commons programme, with focus on land, water, social and environmental justice and gender issues. Her work combines activism, research, advocacy and campaigning
The document discusses public transportation in the United States and challenges facing its growth. It provides an overview of the American Public Transportation Association (APTA), which advocates for more funding and pro-transit policies. While public transportation ridership is growing, funding challenges remain as capital and operating needs exceed available funds. Future population growth and aging may increase demand, but securing adequate long-term funding sources will be critical for public transportation to meet this demand and address energy, environmental, and mobility challenges.
The Trust for Public Land was founded in 1972 by conservationists including Huey Johnson and Greg Archbald. Its goals were to preserve open space, operate as a self-sustaining conservation organization, create a new profession in land preservation, and pioneer new techniques. It began by working on projects like Golden Gate National Recreation Area and established urban, public, and land trust programs. Over the decades, it grew significantly in staff and land preserved, while expanding its initiatives and services. The Trust for Public Land has now completed over 5,300 projects preserving over 3.1 million acres valued at $7 billion and serving more than 10 million people.
What is happening to our forests in Malaysia?focussouth
This document summarizes the threats faced by indigenous communities in Sarawak, Malaysia from various development projects since the 1970s, including logging, dams, plantations, and mining. These have resulted in loss of lands, forests, resources and cultural heritage for communities. In response, communities have organized at local and national levels, held protests, filed lawsuits, and lobbied internationally. While some legal and policy developments have been positive, communities continue facing challenges from state development plans and repressive laws. Moving forward, maintaining communication networks, promoting community-based conservation and development, and providing skills training will be important for communities.
The document discusses key features of cities and urbanization trends. It notes that currently 54% of the global population lives in urban areas, and this percentage is projected to continue growing significantly by 2050. Some of the major features of cities discussed include their large populations and population densities. Cities typically have populations numbering in the millions and high numbers of people concentrated in a small land area. The document also examines how cities obtain their large populations through natural increase and rural-urban migration.
Solid Ground is a global campaign by Habitat for Humanity to improve access to land for shelter through advocacy, communications, and mobilizing activities. It aims to influence policies at all government levels to ensure more people have adequate housing. The campaign works to motivate policymakers to change land policies and systems through engaging existing and new supporters. It has launched initiatives in 7 countries as part of growing its global network to address the lack of secure land access faced by over 1 billion people worldwide.
Expanding Clean Transportation & Reducing Wasteful Highways in WIShahla Werner
Discusses Wisconsin driving and demographic trends, our dependence on tar sands oil, transit solutions, along with WisDOT's pattern of spending billions on highways while shortchanging transit and local roads.
Todd Litman of the Victoria Transportation Institute reports on the history of desirability of living locations, and how our automobile dependent society has fueled sprawl development. Mr. Litman also outlines the benefits of Smart Growth development and how growing trends, "changing attitudes about urban living," "increasing health and environmental concerns" and "shifting assumptions about suburban real estate values" are making headway in support of transportation and planning reforms that can transform our regions and communities into healthier, more functional, and beautiful places.
This document provides an overview of global trends that are shaping the boomer market. It discusses trends in society, technology, environment, economy, and politics. Some key points include: the world's population is aging as life expectancy increases; more people are living in urban areas; consumers are increasingly concerned with sustainability; economic uncertainty is a new reality for many; and cultures are experiencing shocks from shifting political landscapes and power dynamics. The trends suggest boomers will continue to redefine markets through their evolving lifestyles and priorities.
The document discusses slum upgradation in India. It begins by defining slums and their characteristics such as lack of basic services, substandard housing, overcrowding, and insecure tenure. It then discusses the causes and risks of slums. Approaches to tackling slums include punitive actions like eviction, curative actions like upgrading infrastructure and services, and preventive actions like improving access to housing. The government of India has implemented programs like the JnNURM and IHSDP to support slum upgradation through infrastructure improvements and affordable housing. Low-cost construction techniques used include fly ash bricks, concrete blocks, and prefabricated materials. The goal of slum upgradation is to improve living standards
The document summarizes the work of the Community Design Resource Center (CDRC) at the University of Houston over the past 10 years. It includes maps showing the locations of CDRC projects throughout Houston neighborhoods. It also provides timelines of historical events and design movements. Graphs and charts analyze health and socioeconomic data by neighborhood. The document discusses strategies for collaborative community design focused on health, sustainability, economic opportunity, and design.
Transforming Education and Community: Flood Adaptation and Mitigation toward ...ESD UNU-IAS
The document discusses establishing a UN Regional Centre of Expertise (RCE) in Georgetown, South Carolina to promote coastal resilience and adaptation to flooding and sea level rise. The RCE would focus on workforce training, economic development, environmental protection, community partnerships, and creating a sustainable community. Key areas of focus would include sea level rise, flooding, disaster mitigation, and ensuring economic growth and quality of life while preserving natural resources. The RCE would establish task forces and initiatives related to infrastructure, education, land use, and more to develop solutions and make Georgetown a model for resilient development.
- Niger has experienced rapid population growth, from 1.7 million in 1960 to an estimated 56 million by 2050, putting strain on housing, food, water, and healthcare. The government is attempting to increase family planning and raise the marriage age to address these issues.
- China implemented its one-child policy in 1979 to reduce population growth from 5.8 children per woman to 1.7 currently. This has led to issues like an aging population and gender imbalance but has allowed economic development.
- Drought in Australia has led to reduced water flows and reservoir levels, forcing towns to lose population as farming becomes impossible and water restrictions are imposed in cities.
Nj future redevelopment forum 2014 places to age evans miller-pruntyNew Jersey Future
This document summarizes a presentation about creating housing options that cater to older residents in New Jersey. It finds that over 26% of NJ's population is currently over 55, with many over 65, and that compact, mixed-use, walkable communities with access to transportation tend to be most suitable to aging populations. However, only 31% of older residents live in places that have all of these qualities, while 13% live in areas lacking them. The presentation advocates for expanding housing diversity and accessibility in suitable areas and retrofitting other areas to be more aging-friendly.
This document summarizes the benefits of smart growth development compared to urban sprawl. It discusses how smart growth leads to lower household transportation costs, safer communities, healthier lifestyles, and preservation of farmland and green space. Smart growth also provides more mobility options, reduces infrastructure costs, and achieves equity goals. While requiring some additional upfront subsidies, smart growth provides significant long-term economic, social, and environmental returns on investment. Professional organizations support smart growth policies for their multiple advantages over sprawl.
This document discusses trends in urbanization and sustainability issues facing cities. It notes that half the world's population now lives in urban areas, with migration from rural to urban areas driven by factors like poverty and lack of opportunity. As urban populations grow, issues around sprawl, pollution, poverty, and transportation have emerged. The document examines strategies some cities are using to promote compact growth, reduce car dependence, preserve open space, and generally enhance sustainability.
This document discusses cities and sustainability, focusing on Curitiba, Brazil as a case study of an "ecocity" that implemented policies like banning cars in certain areas and creating a bus rapid transit system. It also covers major population trends in urban areas like urbanization increasing globally, with over half the world's population now living in cities. Issues faced by urban areas are discussed, like resource use, waste, pollution and poverty issues. Transportation impacts on cities are addressed, like how automobile dependence has contributed to urban sprawl in some places. Alternatives to car usage like bicycles, rail systems and buses are also summarized.
AP Environmental Science Ch. 22 sustainable citiesStephanie Beck
The document discusses sustainable cities and trends in urbanization. It identifies 4 major trends: 1) a greater percentage of people living in urban areas, 2) urban areas rapidly expanding in number and size, 3) urban growth being slower in developed countries than developing, and 4) poverty becoming increasingly urbanized mostly in developing countries. It defines and discusses the pros and cons of urban sprawl. It also discusses problems with urbanization like environmental pressure and discusses possible solutions to issues like lack of vegetation, water management, pollution, disease spread, and improving conditions for urban poor in developing nations.
This document discusses urbanization trends and their environmental impacts. It begins by providing an overview of global urbanization, including the increasing proportion of people living in urban areas and the rise of megacities. It then discusses some of the key challenges faced by urban areas, such as resource use, waste generation, pollution, and poverty. Specific issues examined include urban sprawl, transportation systems, air and water pollution, and urban poverty. The document also presents case studies on urbanization trends in countries like the US, Brazil, India, and Mexico. It analyzes different transportation options and their trade-offs, and discusses the importance of urban planning and smart growth approaches to curb uncontrolled urban sprawl.
The document discusses housing from several perspectives:
1. It defines the differences between a house and housing, with housing referring to multiple dwelling units within a complex and including shared amenities.
2. It covers the history and evolution of housing from early shelters to permanent structures as societies became more sedentary.
3. It describes different types of housing including plots, multi-unit apartment blocks, and classifications based on ownership, income, family size and other factors.
The scramble for land and land-related resources by powerful actors engenders various resistance and challenges by peoples’ organizations, social movements, and activists committed to the advancement of the rural poor’s fundamental rights to the natural ‘commons’ and livelihood resources. Southeast Asia boasts of diverse and numerous movements and organizations committed to social and economic justice. In this presentation, Mary Ann shares some of the trends around land and resource grabbing-- including the dominant governance model: mechanisms, actors, experiences, and impacts, that is ‘transforming’ rural Southeast Asia, and resistance struggles, including key demands and alternative perspectives/visions.
Mary Ann Manahan is a program officer with Focus on the Global South-Philippines Programme. She joined Focus in 2003 and works on the Reclaiming the Commons programme, with focus on land, water, social and environmental justice and gender issues. Her work combines activism, research, advocacy and campaigning
The document discusses public transportation in the United States and challenges facing its growth. It provides an overview of the American Public Transportation Association (APTA), which advocates for more funding and pro-transit policies. While public transportation ridership is growing, funding challenges remain as capital and operating needs exceed available funds. Future population growth and aging may increase demand, but securing adequate long-term funding sources will be critical for public transportation to meet this demand and address energy, environmental, and mobility challenges.
The Trust for Public Land was founded in 1972 by conservationists including Huey Johnson and Greg Archbald. Its goals were to preserve open space, operate as a self-sustaining conservation organization, create a new profession in land preservation, and pioneer new techniques. It began by working on projects like Golden Gate National Recreation Area and established urban, public, and land trust programs. Over the decades, it grew significantly in staff and land preserved, while expanding its initiatives and services. The Trust for Public Land has now completed over 5,300 projects preserving over 3.1 million acres valued at $7 billion and serving more than 10 million people.
What is happening to our forests in Malaysia?focussouth
This document summarizes the threats faced by indigenous communities in Sarawak, Malaysia from various development projects since the 1970s, including logging, dams, plantations, and mining. These have resulted in loss of lands, forests, resources and cultural heritage for communities. In response, communities have organized at local and national levels, held protests, filed lawsuits, and lobbied internationally. While some legal and policy developments have been positive, communities continue facing challenges from state development plans and repressive laws. Moving forward, maintaining communication networks, promoting community-based conservation and development, and providing skills training will be important for communities.
The document discusses key features of cities and urbanization trends. It notes that currently 54% of the global population lives in urban areas, and this percentage is projected to continue growing significantly by 2050. Some of the major features of cities discussed include their large populations and population densities. Cities typically have populations numbering in the millions and high numbers of people concentrated in a small land area. The document also examines how cities obtain their large populations through natural increase and rural-urban migration.
Solid Ground is a global campaign by Habitat for Humanity to improve access to land for shelter through advocacy, communications, and mobilizing activities. It aims to influence policies at all government levels to ensure more people have adequate housing. The campaign works to motivate policymakers to change land policies and systems through engaging existing and new supporters. It has launched initiatives in 7 countries as part of growing its global network to address the lack of secure land access faced by over 1 billion people worldwide.
Expanding Clean Transportation & Reducing Wasteful Highways in WIShahla Werner
Discusses Wisconsin driving and demographic trends, our dependence on tar sands oil, transit solutions, along with WisDOT's pattern of spending billions on highways while shortchanging transit and local roads.
Todd Litman of the Victoria Transportation Institute reports on the history of desirability of living locations, and how our automobile dependent society has fueled sprawl development. Mr. Litman also outlines the benefits of Smart Growth development and how growing trends, "changing attitudes about urban living," "increasing health and environmental concerns" and "shifting assumptions about suburban real estate values" are making headway in support of transportation and planning reforms that can transform our regions and communities into healthier, more functional, and beautiful places.
This document provides an overview of global trends that are shaping the boomer market. It discusses trends in society, technology, environment, economy, and politics. Some key points include: the world's population is aging as life expectancy increases; more people are living in urban areas; consumers are increasingly concerned with sustainability; economic uncertainty is a new reality for many; and cultures are experiencing shocks from shifting political landscapes and power dynamics. The trends suggest boomers will continue to redefine markets through their evolving lifestyles and priorities.
The document discusses slum upgradation in India. It begins by defining slums and their characteristics such as lack of basic services, substandard housing, overcrowding, and insecure tenure. It then discusses the causes and risks of slums. Approaches to tackling slums include punitive actions like eviction, curative actions like upgrading infrastructure and services, and preventive actions like improving access to housing. The government of India has implemented programs like the JnNURM and IHSDP to support slum upgradation through infrastructure improvements and affordable housing. Low-cost construction techniques used include fly ash bricks, concrete blocks, and prefabricated materials. The goal of slum upgradation is to improve living standards
The document summarizes the work of the Community Design Resource Center (CDRC) at the University of Houston over the past 10 years. It includes maps showing the locations of CDRC projects throughout Houston neighborhoods. It also provides timelines of historical events and design movements. Graphs and charts analyze health and socioeconomic data by neighborhood. The document discusses strategies for collaborative community design focused on health, sustainability, economic opportunity, and design.
Transforming Education and Community: Flood Adaptation and Mitigation toward ...ESD UNU-IAS
The document discusses establishing a UN Regional Centre of Expertise (RCE) in Georgetown, South Carolina to promote coastal resilience and adaptation to flooding and sea level rise. The RCE would focus on workforce training, economic development, environmental protection, community partnerships, and creating a sustainable community. Key areas of focus would include sea level rise, flooding, disaster mitigation, and ensuring economic growth and quality of life while preserving natural resources. The RCE would establish task forces and initiatives related to infrastructure, education, land use, and more to develop solutions and make Georgetown a model for resilient development.
- Niger has experienced rapid population growth, from 1.7 million in 1960 to an estimated 56 million by 2050, putting strain on housing, food, water, and healthcare. The government is attempting to increase family planning and raise the marriage age to address these issues.
- China implemented its one-child policy in 1979 to reduce population growth from 5.8 children per woman to 1.7 currently. This has led to issues like an aging population and gender imbalance but has allowed economic development.
- Drought in Australia has led to reduced water flows and reservoir levels, forcing towns to lose population as farming becomes impossible and water restrictions are imposed in cities.
Nj future redevelopment forum 2014 places to age evans miller-pruntyNew Jersey Future
This document summarizes a presentation about creating housing options that cater to older residents in New Jersey. It finds that over 26% of NJ's population is currently over 55, with many over 65, and that compact, mixed-use, walkable communities with access to transportation tend to be most suitable to aging populations. However, only 31% of older residents live in places that have all of these qualities, while 13% live in areas lacking them. The presentation advocates for expanding housing diversity and accessibility in suitable areas and retrofitting other areas to be more aging-friendly.
This document summarizes the benefits of smart growth development compared to urban sprawl. It discusses how smart growth leads to lower household transportation costs, safer communities, healthier lifestyles, and preservation of farmland and green space. Smart growth also provides more mobility options, reduces infrastructure costs, and achieves equity goals. While requiring some additional upfront subsidies, smart growth provides significant long-term economic, social, and environmental returns on investment. Professional organizations support smart growth policies for their multiple advantages over sprawl.
This document discusses trends in urbanization and sustainability issues facing cities. It notes that half the world's population now lives in urban areas, with migration from rural to urban areas driven by factors like poverty and lack of opportunity. As urban populations grow, issues around sprawl, pollution, poverty, and transportation have emerged. The document examines strategies some cities are using to promote compact growth, reduce car dependence, preserve open space, and generally enhance sustainability.
This document discusses cities and sustainability, focusing on Curitiba, Brazil as a case study of an "ecocity" that implemented policies like banning cars in certain areas and creating a bus rapid transit system. It also covers major population trends in urban areas like urbanization increasing globally, with over half the world's population now living in cities. Issues faced by urban areas are discussed, like resource use, waste, pollution and poverty issues. Transportation impacts on cities are addressed, like how automobile dependence has contributed to urban sprawl in some places. Alternatives to car usage like bicycles, rail systems and buses are also summarized.
AP Environmental Science Ch. 22 sustainable citiesStephanie Beck
The document discusses sustainable cities and trends in urbanization. It identifies 4 major trends: 1) a greater percentage of people living in urban areas, 2) urban areas rapidly expanding in number and size, 3) urban growth being slower in developed countries than developing, and 4) poverty becoming increasingly urbanized mostly in developing countries. It defines and discusses the pros and cons of urban sprawl. It also discusses problems with urbanization like environmental pressure and discusses possible solutions to issues like lack of vegetation, water management, pollution, disease spread, and improving conditions for urban poor in developing nations.
This document discusses urbanization trends and their environmental impacts. It begins by providing an overview of global urbanization, including the increasing proportion of people living in urban areas and the rise of megacities. It then discusses some of the key challenges faced by urban areas, such as resource use, waste generation, pollution, and poverty. Specific issues examined include urban sprawl, transportation systems, air and water pollution, and urban poverty. The document also presents case studies on urbanization trends in countries like the US, Brazil, India, and Mexico. It analyzes different transportation options and their trade-offs, and discusses the importance of urban planning and smart growth approaches to curb uncontrolled urban sprawl.
Ppt looks at the context if cities, problems faced/created by cities and options to make cities more sustainable- using mechanism of planned development, compact city,Regional Planning, green mobility, greening cities, technologies, leadership and creating accountability with responsibility
- Urban populations are growing rapidly worldwide and will account for the majority of global population growth over the next 30 years, concentrating in large cities and megacities.
- Cities are increasingly divided spatially, economically, and socially, with large proportions of urban populations in developing countries living in slums lacking basic services and facing high levels of poverty, disease, and social exclusion.
- Urban growth has environmental impacts like pollution, overcrowding, and waste management problems that spread disease, with the health burdens often disproportionately affecting the urban poor.
Presentation looks at the role, relevance and importance of the cities in polluting environment, generating waste, consuming energy, creating large footprints of buildings and making cities unsustainable. Presentation looks at the issues, genesis of problems of sustainability and suggest options to make them environment friendly, energy/resource efficient, making value addition to environment and ecology and to become a serious partner in making planet earth more liveable and sustainable.
This document discusses urban settlements and urbanization. It begins by defining urbanization as the growth of towns and cities leading to an increasing percentage of the population living in urban areas. It then provides details on factors that influence urbanization, including the Industrial Revolution, population growth, and migration from rural to urban areas. Some of the fastest growing cities mentioned are located in South and Southeast Asia. The document also covers counter-urbanization, megacities, and factors that influence the size, growth and functions of urban settlements such as their role as ports, administrative centers, or locations along transport routes.
Presentation focuses on defining the context of sustainable development, urbanisation in the Global and Indian context, positivities and negativities of urbanisation and the crisis created by urbanisation
The document discusses trends in urbanization and approaches to sustainable urban development. It notes that most of humanity used to live in rural areas but cities have grown rapidly since the Industrial Revolution. It identifies challenges of uncontrolled urban growth in developing countries like traffic, pollution and inadequate housing/sanitation. It also discusses the issues of urban sprawl in developed nations, and proposes approaches like smart growth, new urbanism and green urbanism to make cities more sustainable and livable.
Building Carbon neutral Cities Through Green RoofJIT KUMAR GUPTA
building are known to be largest consumers of enrgy, resources, water and generators of waste. They consume largest energy and responsible for climate change and global warming. Within buildings roof area remains the arae which is most unused, abused and misused space, which can be effectively leveraged to minimise the adverse impact of buildings on resources, energy, climate change etc. It can cool the buildings, bring down the energy use, make cities free from disasters and do large number of positivity to buildinga, climate, environment . Green roofs remains an area, potential of which remains largely unexplored. It needs to studied, analysed with policy options evolved to make it a distict reality in the buildings
The document discusses proposals for developing affordable housing in Rio de Janeiro through a hybrid "Sites and Services" model. It provides background on favelas and current housing challenges in Rio, and examines the Rio das Pedras favela and a vacant Ambev factory site as potential development locations. The proposal suggests establishing a Community Land Trust to govern the land and provide basic infrastructure, with residents then building housing incrementally through a phased payment system. The goal is a higher density, mixed-use development that incorporates lessons from informal settlements in providing affordable options and community amenities.
The document summarizes trends in urbanization and discusses strategies for more sustainable urban development. It notes that about half the world's population lives in cities, which are growing rapidly especially in developing countries. Issues caused by urban sprawl like air and water pollution, loss of open space, and longer travel times are discussed. The document then presents tools for urban planning like zoning, growth boundaries, and public transit to promote compact development and limit environmental impacts.
Sustainable Urban Planning-Issues and Options JIT KUMAR GUPTA
Urban India remains in crisis- crisis of population; crisis of poverty; crisis of pollution; crisis of unplanned development; crisis of infrastructures; crisis of services; crisis of affordable living. Genesis of all these crisis has roots in approach and options used for development of urban and rural settlements, which is done on different footing with priority going for urban areas .Despite getting major attention, resources, manpower, technology, cities remain in crisis for the reason majority of urban ills have their origin in the neglect of the rural India. If India, as a nation has to move forward, then its emancipation falls within the domain of Rural India, which needs to be made more productive, livable and qualitative duly supported by technology and state of art infrastructures besides making urban and rural India equal partners in all policy planning and programs for development. Regional Planning offers the best option to achieve the objective.
This document discusses the structural change model of economic growth and development. It describes a dual economy with agricultural and industrial sectors. The agricultural sector has limited land and surplus labor, while the industrial sector is expansionary in nature and pays higher wages, incentivizing rural-urban migration. It also discusses how government addresses problems arising from rapid urbanization, such as infrastructure demands and land conversion, and the resulting social and economic impacts.
Infrastructures and services are known to be the backbone of any human settlement . They are known to be determinant of the quality of life and operational efficiency of any city. They are also the one regulating the productivity of the city. Infra remain vital for all the urban residents , communities, city and the state. Accordingly, it becomes important that infrastructures on prescribed norms and standards are made available in both quantity and quality in the human habitation. Providing Infra requires lot of resources and technology know how. Accordingly adequate provision in the budget of urban local bodies need to be provided. in addition to providing infra and services, it is critical that they are also maintained properly. Key issues in the infra is the delivery of services. Government must involve private sector in providing services. Services charges also have to be rational to make them affordable. Providing services and infra remains a difficult and innovative option. It offers both a challenge and an opportunity. All ULBs must ensure adequate services of appropriate quality to all its citizens , even poorest of poor, to lead a dignified living.
The document discusses the history of land use and development in North America. It notes that early colonists settled near waterways and converted land to farming and towns. The industrial revolution triggered a rural to urban population shift as jobs moved to cities. Suburban migration was spurred by undesirable central city conditions and availability of inexpensive, developable land nearby. This led to low-density, unplanned urban sprawl characterized by separated land uses, lack of transportation options, and loss of open space. Problems of sprawl include increased traffic, air and water pollution, farmland and habitat loss, and inefficient infrastructure. The document advocates for land use planning principles like preserving open space, mixed uses, and transportation choices to combat these issues and
The document discusses the history of land use and development in North America. It notes that early colonists settled near waterways and converted land to farming and towns. The industrial revolution triggered a rural to urban population shift as jobs moved to cities. Suburban migration was spurred by undesirable central city conditions and availability of inexpensive, developable land nearby. This led to low-density, unplanned urban sprawl characterized by separated land uses, lack of transportation options, and loss of open space. Problems of sprawl include increased traffic, air and water pollution, infrastructure and maintenance costs, and environmental impacts. The document advocates for land use planning principles like preserving open space, mixed uses, and transportation choices to combat these issues and promote smart
This document provides an introduction to an urban agriculture course. It discusses definitions of urban agriculture, noting that over half the world's population lives in cities. Reasons for urban agriculture include issues of food security, environmental sustainability, and community development. Examples of urban agriculture are discussed for different regions, including Los Angeles. The history of urban agriculture is reviewed, from victory gardens to current initiatives. Methods and considerations for urban agriculture are also introduced.
Cities remains unique, universal and complex , invariably evolving, devolving, never finite and never defined. Cities create prosperity, poverty, employment, dichotomy and contradictions. Cities are said to be the future of humanity, but cities are also the reason for climate change, global warming , larger carbon footprints and rising temperature - making cities unsafe- both to the natural and manmade disasters. Making cities sustainable remains a challenge, opportunity, mirage and dream. Heading towards uncontrolled urbanisation, cities are pushing humanity into crisis- crisis of population, crisis of poverty and crisis of pollution. Cities remain anti-thesis to sustainability. Cities don't believe in inclusion and cities dies not treat majority of its inhabitants with respect and dignity -providing basic amenities of life to lead a dignified life. Making cities rational, humane, safe , inclusive, livable and sustainable will remain the greatest challenge on the planet earth.
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This document discusses suffixes and terminology used in medicine. It begins by listing common combining forms used to build medical terms and their meanings. It then defines several noun, adjective, and shorter suffixes and provides their meanings. Examples are given of medical terms built using combining forms and suffixes. The document also examines specific medical concepts in more depth, such as hernias, blood cells, acromegaly, splenomegaly, and laparoscopy.
The document is a chapter from a medical textbook that discusses anatomical terminology pertaining to the body as a whole. It defines the structural organization of the body from cells to tissues to organs to systems. It also describes the body cavities and identifies the major organs contained within each cavity, as well as anatomical divisions of the abdomen and back.
This document is from a textbook on medical terminology. It discusses the basic structure of medical words and how they are built from prefixes, suffixes, and combining forms. Some key points:
- Medical terms are made up of elements including roots, suffixes, prefixes, and combining vowels. Understanding these elements is important for analyzing terms.
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This document is the copyright information for Chapter 25 on Cancer from the 6th edition of the textbook Molecular Cell Biology published in 2008 by W. H. Freeman and Company. The chapter was authored by a team that includes Lodish, Berk, Kaiser, Krieger, Scott, Bretscher, Ploegh, and Matsudaira.
This document is the copyright information for Chapter 24 on Immunology from the 6th edition of the textbook Molecular Cell Biology published in 2008 by W. H. Freeman and Company. The chapter was authored by Lodish, Berk, Kaiser, Krieger, Scott, Bretscher, Ploegh, and Matsudaira.
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This document is the copyright information for Chapter 22 from the 6th edition of the textbook "Molecular Cell Biology" published in 2008 by W. H. Freeman and Company. The chapter is titled "The Molecular Cell Biology of Development" and is authored by Lodish, Berk, Kaiser, Krieger, Scott, Bretscher, Ploegh, and Matsudaira.
This document is the copyright information for Chapter 21 from the sixth edition of the textbook "Molecular Cell Biology" published in 2008 by W. H. Freeman and Company. The chapter is titled "Cell Birth, Lineage, and Death" and is authored by Lodish, Berk, Kaiser, Krieger, Scott, Bretscher, Ploegh, and Matsudaira.
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Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
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Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptxKavitha Krishnan
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it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
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Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Physiology and chemistry of skin and pigmentation, hairs, scalp, lips and nail, Cleansing cream, Lotions, Face powders, Face packs, Lipsticks, Bath products, soaps and baby product,
Preparation and standardization of the following : Tonic, Bleaches, Dentifrices and Mouth washes & Tooth Pastes, Cosmetics for Nails.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
2. Half of the World’s People Live in
Urban Areas (1)
• Urbanization
• Creation and growth of urban and suburban areas
• Percentage of people who live in such areas
• Urban growth
• Rate of increase of urban populations
• Immigration from rural areas
• Pushed from rural areas to urban areas
• Pulled to urban areas from rural areas
3. Half of the World’s People Live in
Urban Areas (2)
• Push factors
• Poverty
• Lack of land to grow food
• Declining labor market in agriculture
• War, famine, conflicts
• Pull factors
• Jobs, food, housing
• Education
• Health care
4. Half of the World’s People Live in
Urban Areas (3)
• Four major trends
1. Proportion of global population living in urban areas
is increasing
2. Number and size of urban areas is mushrooming
• Megacities, hypercities
3. Urban growth slower in developed countries
4. Poverty is becoming increasingly urbanized; mostly
in less-developed countries
8. Typical Daily Traffic Jam of People, Carts, and
Other Vehicles in Delhi, India
Fig. 22-5, p. 589
9. Major Urban Areas in the United States
Revealed by Satellite Images at Night
Fig. 22-6, p. 590
10. Urban Sprawl Gobbles Up the Countryside
(1)
• Urban sprawl
• Low-density development at edges of cities/towns
• Contributing factors to urban sprawl in the U.S.
1.Ample land
2.Low-cost gasoline; highways
3.Tax laws encouraged home ownership
4.State and local zoning laws
5.Multiple political jurisdictions: poor urban planning
11. Urban Sprawl Gobbles Up the Countryside
(2)
• Megalopolis
• Bowash – Boston to Washington 800 mile urban area
• Caused many environmental and economic problems
12. Urban Sprawl in and around the U.S. City of Las
Vegas, Nevada, from 1973 to 2000
Fig. 22-7, p. 591
13. Urbanization Has Advantages (1)
• Centers of:
• Economic development
• Innovation
• Education
• Technological advances
• Jobs
• Industry, commerce, transportation
14. Urbanization Has Advantages (2)
• Urban residents tend to have
• Longer lives
• Lower infant mortality
• Better medical care
• Better social services
• More recycling programs
• Concentrating people in cities can help preserve
biodiversity in rural areas
15. Urbanization Has Disadvantages (1)
• Huge ecological footprints
• Lack vegetation
• Water problems
• Concentrate pollution and health problems
• Excessive noise
• Altered climate and experience light pollution
16. Life Is a Desperate Struggle for the Urban Poor
in Less-Developed Countries
• Slums
• Squatter settlements/shantytowns
• Terrible living conditions
• Lack basic water and sanitation
• High levels of pollution
• What can governments do to help?
19. Cities Can Grow Outward or Upward
• Compact cities
• Hong Kong, China
• Tokyo, Japan
• Mass transit
• Dispersed cities
• U.S. and Canada
• Car-centered cities
20. Motor Vehicles Have Advantages and
Disadvantages (1)
• Advantages
• Mobility and convenience
• Jobs in
• Production and repair of vehicles
• Supplying fuel
• Building roads
• Status symbol
21. Motor Vehicles Have Advantages and
Disadvantages (2)
• Disadvantages
• Accidents: 1.2 million per year, 15 million injured
• Kill 50 million animals per year
• Largest source of outdoor air pollution
• Helped create urban sprawl
• Traffic congestion
23. Reducing Automobile Use Is Not Easy, but
It Can Be Done (1)
• Full-cost pricing: high gasoline taxes
• Educate consumers first
• Use funds for mass transit
• Opposition from car owners and industry
• Lack of good public transit is a problem
• Rapid mass transit
• Difficult to pass in the United States
• Strong public opposition
• Dispersed nature of the U.S.
24. Reducing Automobile Use Is Not Easy, but
It Can Be Done (2)
• Raise parking fees
• Tolls on roads, tunnels, and bridges into major cities
• Charge a fee to drive into a major city
• Car-sharing
25. Case Study: Zipcars
• Car-sharing network
• Rent by the hour
• Saves money for many people
26. Some Cities Are Promoting Alternatives to
Car Ownership
• Bicycles
• Heavy-rail systems
• Light-rail systems
• Buses
• Rapid-rail system between urban areas
27. Potential Routes for High-Speed Bullet
Trains in the U.S. and Parts of Canada
Fig. 22-18, p. 602
28. Conventional Land-Use Planning
• Land-use planning
• Encourages future population growth
• Encourages economic development
• Revenues: property taxes
• 90% of local government revenue in the U.S.
• Environmental and social consequences
• Zoning
• Problems and potential benefits
• Mixed-use zoning
29. Smart Growth Works (1)
• Smart growth
• Reduces dependence
on cars
• Controls and directs
sprawl
• Cuts wasteful resource
• Uses zoning laws to
channel growth
30. Case Study: Smart Growth in Portland,
Oregon
• Since 1975
• Population grew 50%
• Urban area expanded 2%
• Efficient light-rail and bus system
• Abundant green space and parks
• Clustered, mixed-use neighborhoods
• Air pollution reduced 86%
• Greenest city in the United States
31. Preserving and Using Open Space
• Urban growth boundary
• U.S. states: Washington, Oregon, and Tennessee
• Municipal parks
• U.S. cities: New York City and San Francisco
• Greenbelts – area surrounding cities
• Canadian cities: Vancouver and Toronto
• Western European cities
33. New Urbanism Is Growing
• Conventional housing development
• Cluster development
• New urbanism, old villageism
• Walkability
• Mixed-use and diversity
• Quality urban design
• Environmental sustainability
• Smart transportation
36. Fig. 22-21c, p. 606
Cluster
Cluster housing
development
Creek
Cluster
Pond
37. Case Study: New Urban Village of
Vauban
• Suburb of Freiburg, Germany
• Car use heavily discouraged with high parking fees =
$40,000 for a parking space
• All homes within walking distance of
• Trains and other public transit
• Stores, banks, restaurants, schools
• Much use of renewable energy
38. The Ecocity Concept: Cities for
People Not Cars
• Ecocities or green cities
• Build and redesign for people
• Use renewable energy resources
• Recycle and purify water
• Use energy and matter resources efficiently
• Prevent pollution and reduce waste
• Recycle, reuse and compost municipal waste
• Protect and support biodiversity
• Urban gardens; farmers markets
• Zoning and other tools for sustainability
40. Case Study: A Living Building
• Living Building
• Designed to fit in with local climate, vegetation, other
characteristics
• Energy met solely by renewable resources
• Capture, treat, reuse all water
• Highly energy efficient
• Esthetically pleasing
41. Omega Center for Sustainable Living in
Rhinebeck, New York
Fig. 22-22, p. 609
Editor's Notes
Figure 22.2: About half of the world’s people live in urban areas, or cities, such as Shanghai, China (top), and their surrounding suburban areas such as this one in Southern California (middle). The other half live in rural areas—in villages such as this one in the southern African country of Malawi (bottom), in small towns, or in the countryside.
Figure 22.3: This graph tracks urban population growth for the world, as well as for less-developed countries and more-developed countries, 1950–2010, with projections to 2030. Question: Why do you think the growth in urban populations is much higher in less-developed countries than in more-developed countries? (Data from United Nations Population Division)
Figure 22.4: Global outlook: Major urban areas throughout the world are revealed in these satellite images of the earth at night, showing city lights. Currently, the 50% of the world’s people who live in urban areas occupy about 2% of the earth’s land area. Note that most of the urban areas are found along the continental coasts, which explains why most of Africa and much of the interior of South America, Asia, and Australia are dark at night. This figure also shows the populations of the world’s 18 megacities (each with 10 million or more people) in 2010. All but three are located in less-developed countries. Question: In order, what were the world’s five most populous cities in 2010? (Data from National Geophysics Data Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and United Nations)
Figure 22.5: This is a typical daily traffic jam of people, carts, bicycle taxis, and other vehicles in an older section of Delhi, India—a city with 13 million people.
Figure 22.6: The major urban areas in the United States are revealed in satellite images of the earth at night showing city lights (top). About eight of every ten Americans live in urban areas, which occupy a small but growing fraction of the country’s land area. The cities identified in the image are the fastest-growing metropolitan areas. Nearly half (48%) of all Americans live in cities of 1 million or more people, most of which are projected to merge into huge urban areas shown as shaded sections in the bottom map. Question: Why are many of the largest urban areas located near water? (Data from National Geophysical Data Center/National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Census Bureau)
Figure 22.7: These satellite images show the growth of urban sprawl in and around the U.S. city of Las Vegas, Nevada, between 1973 and 2003—a process that continues. Between 1970 and 2009, the population of water-short Clark County, which includes Las Vegas, more than quadrupled from 463,000 to around 1.9 million, making it one of the nation’s fastest-growing urban areas. Question: What might be a limiting factor on population growth in Las Vegas?
Figure 22.11: Global outlook: Extreme poverty forces hundreds of millions of people to live in slums and shantytowns, such as this one in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, with no access to adequate water supplies, sewage disposal, and other vital services.
Figure 22.12: Photochemical smog in Mexico City, Mexico, is caused by cars and factories that generate pollutants and by the city’s location within a bowl-shaped valley that traps emissions, causing them to accumulate to dangerous levels.
Figure 22.13: Concrete cloverleafs like this tangled network of thruways in the U.S. city of Los Angeles, California, are found in most of the world’s increasingly car-dependent cities.
Figure 22.18: Solutions.
Some potential routes for high-speed bullet trains in the United States and parts of Canada are shown here. Such a system would allow rapid, comfortable, safe, and affordable travel between major cities in a region. It would greatly reduce dependence on cars, buses, and airplanes for trips between these urban areas and would also decrease greenhouse gas emissions and other forms of air pollution. Question: Why do you think such a system has not been developed in the United States? (Data from High Speed Rail Association, U.S. Department of Transportation, Amtrak)
Figure 22.20: With almost 344 hectares (850 acres) that include woodlands, lawns, and small lakes and ponds, New York City’s Central Park is a dramatic example of a large open space in the center of a major urban area.
Figure 22.21: These models compare a conventional housing development (middle) with a cluster housing development (bottom). With a cluster development, houses, town houses, condominiums, and two- to six-story apartments are built on part of the tract. The rest, typically 30–50% of the area, is left as open space for wildlife preserves, parks, and walking and cycling paths.
Figure 22.21: These models compare a conventional housing development (middle) with a cluster housing development (bottom). With a cluster development, houses, town houses, condominiums, and two- to six-story apartments are built on part of the tract. The rest, typically 30–50% of the area, is left as open space for wildlife preserves, parks, and walking and cycling paths.
Figure 22.21: These models compare a conventional housing development (middle) with a cluster housing development (bottom). With a cluster development, houses, town houses, condominiums, and two- to six-story apartments are built on part of the tract. The rest, typically 30–50% of the area, is left as open space for wildlife preserves, parks, and walking and cycling paths.
Figure 22.22: In 2009, the Omega Institute opened the doors to the Omega Center for Sustainable Living (OCSL), a pioneering project in sustainable building design. The OCSL is self-sustaining, in that it recycles its wastewater, is heated and cooled by a geothermal system, and generates electricity using panels of solar cells. The building also adds little or no carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.