The document discusses housing from several perspectives: 1. It defines the differences between a house and housing, with housing referring to multiple dwelling units within a complex and including shared amenities. 2. It covers the history and evolution of housing from early shelters to permanent structures as societies became more sedentary. 3. It describes different types of housing including plots, multi-unit apartment blocks, and classifications based on ownership, income, family size and other factors.

1. HOUSING
A DISCUSSION ON IT’S FORMATION

2. CONTENTS
LITERATURE
STUDY
CASE
STUDY
SURVEY
FINDINGS

3. LITERATURE STUDY

4. HOUSE & HOUSING
HOUSE is a built form constructed on land for security, comfort, privacy etc.
With due consideration of title or lawful possession. The basic requirements of
housing are INFRASTRUCTURE
UTILITIES
HOUSING is a built form accommodating domestic activities of men, with
due consideration of external environment conducive to such
living. All the three requirements INFRASTRUCTURE
UTILITIES
SERVICE AND AMENITIES
are essential requirements of housing.
WATER, ELECTRICITY, SEWERAGE
DIFFERNCE FROM A PERSPECTIVE OF A DESIGNER
A HOUSE is the adobe for men where the designers can have direct contact with
and feedback from the owners and users at the time of its design. While in the
HOUSING the designers get no scope to know or see the owners directly at the
time of design.
ESSENTIAL FACTORS FOR HOUSING
MATERIALS FOR CONSTRUCTION
DESIGN OF BUILT FORM
PLANNING OF THE
COMPLEX &
SURROUNDING
RIGHT OF PROPERTY
NECESSITIES
SERVICES

5. HOUSING is generally more
expensive, extensive &
complex than HOUSE.
With very few exceptions
housing includes multiple
houses or accommodation.
Housing includes only the
living facility of the family
where as house includes
supporting, maintenance and
control mechanism.
In housing there exists some
type of “group” or “semi
public” ownership in land,
common lobby, staircase etc.
Housing is a vast subject
includes procurement and
development of land,
provisions of infrastructure,
allocation of plots, real
management, finance,
maintenance of public interest
and safety.
HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENTCOMPARISON
At the beginning of civilization, men used to live in places like caves, tree tops etc. These are natural
shelters. Later, they created shelters like a pit house, tents, enclosed spaces etc. These shelters were as
adobe with no question of title or ownership.
As the time passed they also attached the question of ownership with their creations like architectural
design, built forms. At some point it was discovered that in busy cities the busy cities there was ample
need for additional accommodation, and if such accommodation could be made available and those
could be rented by others.
The economic potentiality of additional accommodation soon gave rise to a new trend that we know as
renting of accommodation. In construction such accommodation, the owners had to take into
consideration the needs of the probable users. At times owners construct many houses in a large
scale. Such activities turned to what we know as housing.
CRITICAL OBSERVATION REGARDING DEVELOPMENT
In the post-war decades popular mythology held that every acre of Britain was precious in the interests
of agriculture. Farmers were free to destroy woodlands and hedges, drain wetlands and pollute rivers
and water supplies in the interests of increased production. Now that the bubble of over-production
has burst, the same people are subsidized for not growing and for returning habitats to what is seen as
nature. This results in golf courses and publicly-financed set-aside.
Unofficial settlements are seen as a threat to wildlife, which is sacrosanct. The planning system is the
vehicle that supports four-wheel-drive Range Rovers, but not the local economy, and certainly not
those travelers and settlers seeking their own modest place in the sun. These people have bypassed
the sacred rights of tenure, but still find their modest aspirations frustrated by the operations of
planning legislation. Nobody actually planned such a situation. No professional planner would claim
that his or her task was to grind unofficial housing out of existence, and nor would any of the local
enforcers of the Building Regulations.

6. CHRONOLOGY
PREURBAN
Early dwelling designs were probably
the result of cultural,
socioeconomic, and physical forces
intrinsic to the environment of their
inhabitants. The housing similarities
among civilizations separated by vast
distances may have been a result of a
shared heritage, common influences,
or chance.
EPHEMERAL
Ephemeral dwellings, also known as
transient dwellings, were typical of
nomadic peoples. The African
bushmen and Australia’s aborigines are
examples of societies whose existence
depends on an economy of hunting
and food gathering in its simple form.
EPISODIC
Episodic housing is exemplified by the
Inuit igloo, the tents of the Tungus of
eastern Siberia, and the very similar
tents of the Lapps of northern Europe.
These groups are more sophisticated
than those living in ephemeral
dwellings, tend to be more skilled in
hunting or fishing, inhabit a dwelling
for a period.
PERIODIC
Periodic dwellings are also defined
as regular temporary dwellings used
by nomadic tribal societies living in
a pastoral economy. This type of
housing is reflected in the yurt
used by the Mongolian and
Kirgizian groups and the Bedouins
of North Africa and western Asia.
These groups’ dwellings essentially
demonstrate the next step in the
evolution of housing, which is linked
to societal development.
SEASONAL
Dwellings as reflective of societies
that are tribal in nature,
seminomadic, and based on
agricultural pursuits that are both
pastoral and marginal. Housing
used by seminomas for several
months or for a season can be
considered semisedentary and
reflective of the advancement of the
concept of property, which is
lacking in the preceding societies.
This concept of property is
primarily of communal property,
as opposed to individual or
personal property.
SEMIPERMANENT
Sedentary folk societies or hoe
peasants practicing subsistence
agriculture by cultivating staple crops
use semipermanent dwellings. These
groups tend to live in their
dwellings various amounts of time,
usually years, as defined by their
crop yields. When land needs to lie
fallow, they move to more fertile
areas. Groups in the Americas that
used semipermanent dwellings
included the Mayans with their oval
houses and the Hopi, Zuni, and
Acoma Indians in the southwestern
United States with their pueblos.
PERMANENT
The homes of sedentary agricultural
societies, whose political and social
organizations are defined as
nations and who possess surplus
agricultural products, exemplify this
type of dwelling. Surplus agricultural
products allowed the division of
labor and the introduction of other
pursuits aside from food production;

7. SERVICE ACCORDING AGE GROUP
•Housing is not just a
shelter as is one of the basic
needs of human kind also is
a financial investments.
•It’s a significant
component of the local,
regional and national
economy.
•Housing is a social priority
as declared by the U.S.
Congress in 1949.
•Housing serves different age
group specifically depending
upon their need.
•Family stability and
childhood outcomes.
•Neighborhood quality and
access to opportunity.
•Neighborhood
revitalization.
•Contribution to economic
growth and stability.
IMPORTANCE
More than 19 million children live in low-income homes with a high housing cost burden. This
burden reduces families’ resources to spend on child enrichment items and activities and limits the
neighborhoods where low-income families can afford live, affecting parents’ ability to send their kids to
highly ranked schools..
Housing unaffordability also leads to problems with housing quality and instability, which can have
detrimental effects on children’s mental and physical health. Research shows that lead exposure in the
home is associated with lower test scores and that children who live in households receiving HUD
assistance have lower blood lead levels than nonasserted children in low-income families. Research
has also found that poor physical housing conditions, such as home hazards, crowding, and
clutter, are associated with worse psychological health both in the short and long term.
When families can afford rent, everyone benefits. Housing vouchers have been found to improve parenting
behaviors, perhaps because they reduce daily household stress. Research suggests that people receiving
HUD housing assistance have better physical and mental health than people on waiting lists for housing
assistance. One study showed that receiving a housing voucher to move from a low-poverty area
resulted in lower rates of diabetes among women 10 to 15 years later.
Rental assistance programs can also provide a crucial stimulus for upward economic mobility. The Jobs-Plus
Community Revitalization Initiative for Public Housing Families has been instrumental in helping working age
adults modestly increase their earnings and created an increase in work effort at participating developments
that lasted even after the program ended. HUD’s Family Self-Sufficiency Program strives to increase housing
subsidy recipients’ financial capabilities through a rent-based savings account that has been effective
when paired with coaching, peer mentors, and other motivational strategies.
Housing Plus services provided in HUD-assisted senior housing developments reduce hospital
admissions among residents and increase the number of residents who seek treatment for urgent
medical issues, improving their health statuses. About two-thirds of HUD-assisted senior housing
properties surveyed in a study reported having a service coordinator, a key factor in improved
senior health outcomes.
Another study highlights the major impact that federally subsidized housing has on the lives of
people with disabilities, finding that the incidence of disability for HUD-assisted households is
highest among those who earn the lowest incomes.

8. CLASSIFICATION DEPENDENDING UPON
STATE OF
OWNER OR USER
INCOME LEVEL
1.High income group
2.Mid income group
3.Low income group
MARITAL STATUS
1.Married
2.Bachelor
DEPENDING ON SEX
FAMILY SIZE
1.Single bedroom 2.Two
bedroom 3.Three
bedroom …
AGE GROUP
1. Children’s home
2.Juvenile
3.Old men: Elderly home
PHYSICAL AND
PHYCOLOGICAL
SOUNDNESS
1.Housing for the
handicapped
2.home for the lunatics
ENTREPRENEUR
1.PUBLIC OR
GOVERNMENT
Their objective is to
solve housing
problems and
improve the
housing of the
whole country.
Target group:
all citizen,
government
personnel
2.NON
GOVERNMENT
ORGANIZATION
(NGO)
Objective is
benevolent.
Poor and destitute
people are target.
3.PRIVATE
A. Individual
B. Cooperative
group
C. Developer
promoter
MATERIALS OF
CONSTRUCTION
FACTOR OF
MOVE-ABILITY
1.PERMANENT
2.MOVABLE (House
on wheels or car-
house, container
house, boat house)
VENUE OF
CONSTRUCTION
1.ONE-SITE
CONSTRUCTED
BUILDING
2.FACTORY
MANUFACTURED
BUILDING
HEIGHT OF THE
BUILT-FORM
LOW RISE
MID RISE
HIGH RISE
AUTHORITY FOR
RIGHT OF USE
SOLE OWNERSHIP
JOINT OWNERSHIP
HIRE PURCHASE
SCHEME
ALLOTTER
RENT PAYER
TYPOLOGY REGARDING BUILT FORM

9. DISCUSSION ON SOME MOST USED BUILDING TYPES IN HOUSING
DETACHED HOME
It is a free-standing residential
building.
Generally found in less dense
urban areas the suburbs of
cities, and rural areas.
Surrounded by a garden.
Garages can also be found. on
most lots.
SEMI DETACHED
They consist of pairs of houses
built side by side as
units.
-They share a party wall.
-Usually each house's layout is
a mirror image of its
twin.
-This type of housing is a half-
way state between
terraced and detached
houses.
TERRACED HOUSES
A row of identical or mirror-image
houses.
They share side walls.
The first and last of these houses is
called
an end terrace.
There are three key elements to
any apartment
building:
the overall form of the
building
the type of access
the types of unit
The building will also be
informed by :
a context analysis at a site and
neighborhood
scale.
Factors such site topography,
natural features,
sun penetration, prevailing wind,
access,
existing structures on adjacent
sites and views
will help determine the most
appropriate form
and massing for an apartment
development.
APARTMENT

10. A BRIEF DISCUSSION ON APARTMENT
A. ACCORDING TO FORM
Basic building forms are:
The Block
The Tower
The Courtyard
THE BLOCK
- Wider than it is tall.
- The apartments are
arranged off a corridor
TOWER
- Vertical form
- single centralized core
-The tower may have a
base.
-The roof of the podium
can be landscaped and
used as open
space for the apartment
residents.
COURTYARD
Apartments provides the
‘sides’ open spaces
(courtyards). The open
spaces
are communal and should
provide a high quality
landscaped
environment and outlook.
B. ACCORDING BUILDING
ACCESS ARRANGEMENT
Have big influence on the
circulation spaces:
access is organized
vertically (i.e. a shared lift or
stair core),
horizontally (i.e. a shared
corridor off a core) internal or
external
individually (i.e.
apartments having their own
front door).
INDIVIDUAL 'OWN FRONT
DOOR' ACCESS
-Entered directly from the
street, courtyard or private
stair.
-No communal circulation.
-Limited to one or two levels
above ground.
- enhanced street activity
through greater frequency of
entrances.
- more privacy and
individuality.
VERTICAL SHARED
ACCESS
a greater degree of
dwelling individuality.
vertical cores can
be placed internally or
externally.
vertical cores can
bring light and air into
communal areas.
greater potential
for social interaction
with neighbors, while
limiting the number of
apartments to a
manageable size.
a mix of apartment
types can be
achieved.
HORIZONTAL SHARED
ACCESS
Single-loaded corridor
access
-The dwellings are
accessed off one side
only .
overall building depth
is less.
the orientation of all
apartments is towards a
preferred aspect.
external corridors
allow for a naturally lit
and
ventilated corridor
dwellings with cross
ventilation if the
corridor is external.
DOUBLE-LOADED
CORRIDOR ACCESS
-Apartments are
accessed off both sides
of the corridor .
- The overall building
depth is deeper than a
singe-loaded
arrangement
- greater efficiency of
circulation space
compared to a single
loaded corridor.
- higher overall density
of residential units.
-opportunity for more
variety in apartment mix
due to greater
building depth.
A. THE OVERALL
FORM OF THE
BUILDING.
B. THE TYPE OF
ACCESS.
C. THE TYPES OF
UNIT.

11. A BRIEF DISCUSSION ON APARTMENT
ACCORDING TO UNIT
THREE KEY ELEMENTS TO
DESCRIBE AN INDIVIDUAL
APARTMENT TYPE
number of bedrooms
number of storey
the number of external walls
that have views to the outside
(single aspect, double aspect,
corner aspect).
SINGLE ASPECT APARTMENTS
-Single aspect apartments
have three closed sides (except
for
the entrance).
-Good option for hillside
housing or undesirable site
condition.
- uses for a double-loaded
corridor building that runs
northsouth,
so that all apartments receive
either morning or
afternoon sun.
DOUBLE ASPECT
APARTMENTS
-Placing double aspect units
side by side is a common
form of
arrangement.
- being able to repeat
apartments while also
maintaining the
maximum amount of external
facade.
- If the apartment is too
deep, natural light to the
center can be
difficult.
CORNER ASPECT APARTMENTS
-two sides that are exterior walls.
-This type is often used in tower
buildings or at the ends of
linear buildings.
- Dual aspect and increased
views, sunlight and daylight.

12. A BRIEF DISCUSSION ON APARTMENT
SMALL APARTMENT MID RISE APARTMENT
LOW RISE APARTMENT APARTMENT OVER COMMERCIAL HIGH RISE APARTMENT

13. TYPE GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS EXAMPLE
Plots Housing Schemes In the plot housing scheme a big area is acquired by the public agencies and then subdivided into building plots
and roads. Open spaces schools, markets are provided if plenty of land is available. The building plots are sold
out to the individual owners. Usually the plots remain vacant years after year until it is economically profitable to
the owner to construct a building.
To give access to every individual plots the road network become very elongated often with numerous road
crossings. In this way a considerable amount of valuable urban land is eaten up by roads and diminishes the
possibility of open spaces for other uses. The set-back spaces between the buildings are narrow well-shaped
which is not enough to penetrate adequate air and light. The windows of adjacent buildings become so close to
each other that it hampers privacy. These spaces are not easily accessible and not suitable for tree plantation
either and eventually turn into a dead space.
Multi-Storeyed Apartment
Block Housing Schemes
In the multi-storeyed apartment block housing scheme a number of dwellings (flats) are clustered together in a
multi-storeyed building block without sacrificing the daylight and air flow within the buildings. Here the stairs, lifts
and other building services are shared by several flats. The number of the flats/dwellings in an apartment block
depends on the design. It may be a "point block" which is a cluster of 4 to 6 dwellings per floor. Or it may be an
'elongated block' when the number of dwellings could be much more.
Housing schemes typology
HOUSING POLICY
HOUSING SCHEMES TYPOLOGY

14. TYPE GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS EXAMPLE
Incremental housing
schemes
Informal builders provide the bulk of affordable housing and define large areas of our cities. Originally
created for those long considered as poor and unable to house themselves, over time the resultant
informal housing generally matches higher income standards. This incremental process has been
adopted by governments into programmes called ‘site and services’, focusing on housing and land
development, and embracing process as the key. A methodology to capture this process has been
developed which offers a base for developing effective policies in supporting the incremental builders.
Condominium A condominium, often shortened to condo is a type of living space similar to an apartment but
independently sellable and therefore regarded as real estate. The condominium building structure is
divided into several units that are each separately owned, surrounded by common areas that are
jointly owned.
Residential condominiums are frequently constructed as apartment buildings, but there has been an
increase in the number of "detached condominiums", which look like single-family homes but in which
the yards, building exteriors, and streets are jointly owned and jointly maintained by a community
association.
Cooperative housing A housing cooperative, co-op, is a legal entity, usually a cooperative or a corporation, which owns real
estate, consisting of one or more residential buildings; it is one type of housing tenure. Housing
cooperatives are a distinctive form of home ownership that have many characteristics that differ from
other residential arrangements such as single family home ownership, condominiums and renting.[2]
The corporation is membership-based, with membership granted by way of a share purchase in the
cooperative. Each shareholder in the legal entity is granted the right to occupy one housing unit. A
primary advantage of the housing cooperative is the pooling of the members' resources so that their
buying power is leveraged, thus lowering the cost per member in all the services and products
associated with home ownership.
Belapur housing, India.
Athletes Village Housing Co-operative,
Vancouver,British Columbia

15. OBJECTIVE POLICY
TO INCREASE HOUSING
Housing supply must commensurate with the housing need caused by
increasing population that must also be livable to ensure health and security
of the dwellers.
 Promote Infrastructure and Services in the Potential and Designated Housing Areas
 Ensure Adequate Supply of Land for New Residential Development
 Devise Effective and Workable Housing Financing Mechanism
 Expedite and Ease Planning Permission to Increase the Rate of Housing Supply
 Public Sector Housing Agencies should Play Greater Role as Housing Facilitator Instead of Housing
Provider
TO ECONOMISE USE OF HOUSING LAND
Land utilization should be economized so that land may be made available for
other activities including infrastructure, open space and socioeconomic
activities.
 Encourage Block Housing Concept
 Discourage, Preferably cease Plot Based Housing Development Practice both, by Public and Private
Sector Agencies
TO DEVELOP HOUSING WITH EASY ACCESS
Intensification of residential development around high capacity rapid transit
stations will ensure easy to high quality and fast public transport for people
going to their work places.
 Encourage to Develop Housing Close to the Transit Stations
 Encourage Housing Development within the Designated Urban Center
TO INCREASE LOW AND MIDDLE INCOME HOUSING SUPPLY
The housing need of the urban poor government housing organizations
should have more provision of housing for them with secure tenure.
 Public Sector should Provide Affordable Housing to the Low and Middle Income Groups
 Improve Conditions in Slums
TO ENSURE DEVELOPMENT OF HEALTHY AND LIVABLE
NEIGHBOURHOOD
For better, living there is need to enhance the livability in neighborhoods by
upgrading the quality of development and improving the quality of the public
realm.
 Create Planned and Environmentally Sound Housing Neighbourhood in the Potential Urban Areas
AFFORTABLE HOUSING POLICY
OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES TO ATTAIN THE GOAL OF HOUSING
DEVELOPMENT

16. SUSTAINABLE HOUSING POLICY
Housing is a part of the relationships between society and the environment. On the one hand, housing construction and operation consume large amounts of natural
resources while producing waste, air and water pollution. Again, housing itself is exposed to a variety of environmental impacts and hazards, including those associated with
natural disasters and climate change. These aspects are also significant considerations for sustainable development. This complex web of inter-relationships
between sustainability and housing is addressed by the policies for sustainable housing.
These policies consider a spectrum of underlying conditions to achieve sustainability in housing development such as:
 Impacts on the environment and climate change
 Durability and resilience of homes
 Economic activities in housing and their links with the wider economy
 Cultural and social fabric of communities
 Impacts of housing on poverty alleviation, social development, and the quality of life
SHORTCOMING OF THE PRESENT HOUSING
POLICY RESPONSES
Source: UN-Habitat, 2011c: 10

17. A MULTI-SCALE FRAMEWORK FOR SUSTAINABLE HOUSING POLICIES

18. Putting rental housing on the urban housing agenda
to stimulate some discussion of tenure in government circles.
Stopping promising universal homeownership
housing and homeownership should not be competing tenure options. Governments should enable the housing market to provide people with an effective choice of
tenure that is affordable and appropriate to their needs. This requires a housing policy that is ‘tenure neutral’.
Avoiding rent controls
Rent controls should generally be avoided because they are Inequitable, inefficient, counter-productive
Providing subsidies for low- income tenants
If keeping rents low does not work, perhaps increasing tenants’ incomes can be a more effective approach to making shelter affordable to tenants.
Providing subsidies and finance for private landlords providing low-income rental housing
If subsidies aimed at tenants often find their way to landlords, then an approach to offer subsidies directly to landlords can stimulate the production of rental housing
for the poor
Facilitating settlement upgrading and the improvement of existing low- quality rental housing
In terms of dealing with poorly serviced or dilapidated housing occupied by tenants policy should harness and improve the quality of such housing.
Promoting security of tenure for tenants without discouraging rental supply
A tenant’s level of confidence that they will not be removed from their rented property without adequate notice – is important for tenants’ wellbeing and feelings of security.
Developing and promoting mechanisms for written contracts, conciliation and arbitration
The rights and obligations of landlords and tenants should be assured through the legal system.
RENTAL HOUSING POLICY
housing policy and assistance programs

19. CASE STUDY

20. Tara Housing ComplexLocation: Alkananda, New Delhi, India
Date: 1975-1978
Site: 1.48 ha (3.7 acres)
Site climate: humid subtropical
and semi-arid
User Group: Middle-income people
Density: 375 people per hectare (287 square feet per person)
Cost: $1.48 million
Client: Tara Housing Society
Architect: Charles Correa
Tara Apartments is the first ever group housing flats in Delhi.
The concept was introduced to rehabilitate the 1947 partition affected people who
had nowhere to settle down after their retirement from their professional lives.
Several of this section of people were senior government officials and influential
citizens who worked hard to see that their dreams were turned into reality.
Several other visionaries were involved to meticulously build an exclusive
community that could perpetuate healthy socialization and bonding among the
residents, while offering a rare sense of privacy for all residents.
Space and imagination has been blended well to achieve a unique living experience
at these apartments.
Project Brief and Policy

21. The main concept in Tara housing group project is a creative vernacular
typology in term of arranging and piling the singular flat into
united blocks.
 The building preserves well the private life of families within by separating
with the outside world and providing an interior garden
Only pedestrian access inside the housing group and the parking lot
is in the back of the building
 Natural resources like lighting and ventilation are equally shared to all
families
Indian sense is illustrated in the use of concrete bands, panels of
exposed bricks, portals, overhangs and shape edges.
 The project connects two big residential areas to its north and south. It plays
an important connector, linking these other buildings with the adjacent
park. There are many schools adjoining the complex, as well as community
markets and other commercial areas.
Concept & Design Strategy

22. Spatial organization & planning of spaces
Three-bedroom flat
Two-bedroom flat
Open space
Built form
Ground coverage - 50% (1.8 acre)
Two-bedroom flat - 144 nos (130,176 square feet)
Three-bedroom flat - 16 nos (22,400 square feet)
Open space 50%

23. Form Generation
Dwelling Type & Combination
Two-bedroom Type Three-bedroom Type

24. Interior space organization
Two- bedroom type
Floor Area: 905 square feet
Toilet & Kitchen
Living
Bedroom
Ground Floor Plan
First Floor Plan
Three- bedroom type
Ground Floor Plan
First Floor Plan
Floor Area: 1400 square feet

25. SIDHARTHA ESTELLA
Location: Sector 103, Gurgaon
Date: 2012
Site: 15.74 Acres
Site climate: Composite climate
Program: 14 Buildings - 850 units
Cost: Rs. 4820 per sqft
User Group: Higher-middle income group
Architect: Sidhartha Foundations & Housing
Estella is a renowned group housing project located in Sector-103 Gurgaon and in
close proximity to the Dwarka Expressway and IGI airport.
With the wide choice of apartments such as 2, 3 and 4 BHK unit , options are
composed as per today’s needs so that buyers get that wide space to discover
their life and use the list of modern amenities anytime without devoting time and
effort.
The open architecture welcomes maximum amount of natural light into the
building.
Prominently located, Siddhartha Estella is at close proximity to banks, hospitals,
restaurants, schools, ATMs, train station, bus station and petrol pumps .
The goal of the project is to assure that all buyers can take audacious investment
step and protect their money in the lucrative way and also get the property that is
immense in living.
Project Brief and Policy

26. Site plan
LEGEND
Site 1
A,B,C,D,E - 3BR TOWER (G+15)
G,F - 4BR TOWER (G+14)
H - 2BR TOWER (G+14)
Site 2
L,M,N,O - 3BR TOWER (G+14)
P - 4BR TOWER (G+15)
K - 2BR TOWER (G+12)
Amenities
1. Commercial
2. Nursery School
3. Club with pool
4. Tennis Court/ Badminton Court
(playfield)
Area of Road
Length of Road x Width of Road
=5187 x 23
=119,300 square feet
Road Circulation

27. Area Analysis
Name of Area Area (sqft)
Apartments 103,226
Road 119,300
Convenient Shopping 2,906
Nursery School 7,104
Community Building 4,090
Parking Area 43,055
Green Area 405,800
Total Area 684,585 (15.71 acre)

28. Area Calculation and Cost Analysis
Apartment
Type
Block
Name
No. of Floors Area per Floor/Ground
coverage (sqft)
Total Buildup
Area
2 BHK H G+14 9,472 142,083
K G+11 9,472 113,666
3 BHK A,D,E G+15*3 20,020 320,334
B,C G+18*2 13,347 253,598
L,M,N,O G+14*4 26,694 400,417
4 BHK F,G G+12*2 10,763 139,930
P G+15 5,382 86,111
OTHERS R G+3 1,615 6,458
S,T G+3*2 6,458 25,833
TOTAL AREA 103,226 sqft 14,88,433 sqft
Unit Plot
Area(sqft)
Covered
Area
Best Selling
Price (INR)
Total Cost
(INR)
2 BHK 1245 693 6050 75.32L
2 BHK 1255 589 6050 75.93
2 BHK 1322 635 6050 79.98L
3BHK 1725 924 6050 1.04Cr
3BHK 1910 969 6050 1,16Cr
4BHK 2550 1222 6050 1.54Cr

29. Ground Coverage

30. Build up Area

31. Two-bedroom Type

32. Three-bedroom Type
3 BHK Type A (1300 sqft)
Unit Area – 1085.65 sqft
Balcony Area- 201 qft
Circulation – 129 sqft
Fire Staircase- 57.7 sqft
3 BHK Type B(1500 sqft)
Unit Area – 1286.5 sqft
Balcony Area- 230qft
Circulation – 129 sqft
Fire Staircase- 57.7 sqft

33. Four-bedroom Type
4 BHK
Unit Area – 1654 sqft
Circulation – 278 sqft
Fire Stair – 119 sqft

34. HOUSING
SURVEYING SYLHET CITY

35. IMPORTANCE OF HOUSING IN SYLHET
DEPENDING ON CITY PATTERN
DEMAND FOR GROWING CITY
CONSERVING COMMUNAL LIVING
TRADITION IN A MODERN MANNER
INCREASING MIDDLE CLASS & THEIR DEMAND
Sylhet city has developed in such a manner that different kinds of
amenities are found only in specific zones. This may help in certain ways
and may be useful for a certain types of city growth. Usually those types of
city requires tremendous transportation system.
Without no doubt which lacks in Sylhet.
This crisis may be helped with bringing amenities towards the living zone,
in terms of a housing.
commer
cial
Medical
adm
in
Accommodating future growth in a way that respects
long tradition of residential area in Sylhet. It will not
just accommodate will also tie the bond of the
community. Parallelly modern design may bring one
utility providing multiple users, which helps to provide
more spaces for future growing residence.
The demand of middle income is increasing rapidly as they
are the one whose AVERAGE MONTHLY INCOME is
increasing the most.
Also they are the largest portion of country’s total
economy.
There is a lack for LOW CLASS & MIDDLE CLASS
housing as a huge population is living in houses
with low amenities and services or even in slums.
On the other hand luxurious housing in very
minimum in quantity but that cerates no problem
as their consumer is also limited.

36. HOUSING TYPOLOGY IN SYLHET
Real estate is “Property consisting of
land and the buildings on it, along
with
its natural resources such as crops,
minerals, or water, immovable
property
of this nature, also an interest vested
in this, more generally an item of real
property; buildings or housing in
general.
Most of the companies are situated
in Dhaka, Chittagong and Sylhet
but also spreading throughout
other divisional and district towns
like Comilla,
Cox’s Bazar, Bogra, Rajshahi,
Khulna, Mymensingh, Gazipur etc.
Most of the real estate businesses
are conducted by private sectors.
In Sylhet real
estate business expand vastly in
twenty-first century. In this century
a large
number of real estate companies
formed in Sylhet. Some of these
companies are
NEXT PLAN DEVELOPMENT
LIMITED (NPDL), BATAYAN
SHAHJALAL DEVELOPERS LTD.,
MERLINE BUILDERS (PVT.)LTD.,
ROYAL HOMES LIMITED,
NORTH SURMA SYNDICATE
(PVT.) LTD.
1. LAND DEVELOPMENT
2. RETAIL SHOPPING CENTERS
DEVELOPING AND SELLING
3. OFFICE BUILDINGS SELLING
AND RENTING
4. APARTMENTS/MULTI-FAMILY
HOUSING
5. LAND/APARTMENTS/BUILDING
RENTING
6. MULTI-DIMENSIONAL REAL
ESTATE BUSINESS
TYPES OF REAL ESTATE BUSINESS

37. HOUSING TYPOLOGY IN SYLHET
In Bangladesh including
Sylhet generally most of the
real estate businesses are
categorized into three major
sectors. So, most of the real
estate companies in
Sylhet are formed based on
these categories. A
categorized model of real
estate
businesses in Sylhet is such
as……

38. HOUSING TYPOLOGY IN SYLHET
GOVERNMENT
DEVELOPED
QUARTERS
PWDB (BAGBARI)
PETROBANGLA
(ROSIDPUR)
MEDICAL COLONY
(RIKABI BAZAR)
CHHATOK SAR
KARKHANA
HOUSING)
CAMPUS ORIENTED
HOUSING
TEACHERS
QUARTERS, SUST
SAU
DORMITORY, SUST
SAU
Kind of specified
housing, Juvenile or
bachelors housing.
APARTMENTS
FROM DEVELOPERS
MERLIN BUILDERS
mainly focus on location
but, they don’t ignore
the
architect design,
NEXT PLAN
DEVELOPMENT
LIMITED
is a service based
developer company. It
provides
services in real estate
development work
is most top architect and
engineering
designer company.
ROYAL HOMES LTD
works for multi-
purpose real property
development. But, it
mainly develops land
and sells plots.
BATAYAN
SHAHJALAL
DEVELOPMENT
LTD.
basically create and
sell residential
apartments.
NORTH SURMA
SYNDICATE.
COMMUNITY BASED
OFTEN TERMED AS
“ABASIK ELAKA”
SURMA ABASIK ELAKA
TOPOBON ABASIK
ELAKA
DAKKHIN SURMA
ABASIK ELAKA
PAYRA ABASIK ELAKA
HOUSING ESTATE

39. Reference:
1. A Comparative Analysis of Plot Housing Schemes and MultiStoreyed Apartment Block Housing Schemes in Dhaka: Land Economisation and Urban
Community Services in the Context of Post Private Housing Land Development Rule, 2004 Scenario of Bangladesh Muhammad Shamsuzzaman* (Journal of
Bangladesh Institute of Planners Vol. 7, December 2014, pp. 1-10, Bangladesh Institute of Planners)
2. Incremental Housing – The new site & services – Reinhard Goethert, Massachusetts Institute of Technology https://unhabitat.org/incremental-housing-the-
new-site-services-reinhard-goethert-massachusetts-institute-of-technology/
3. Incremental Housing as a method to the Sustainable Habitat http://www.plea2014.in/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Paper_4B_2620_PR.pdf
4. Incremental Housing Development Scheme(Pakistan) http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTURBANDEVELOPMENT/Resources/336387-
1269364699096/6892630-1269364758309/siddiqui.pdf
5. Condominium Housing in Ethiopia https://unhabitat.org/books/condominium-housing-in-ethiopia/
6. Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation Report: New Models for Co-operative Housing http://www.housinginternational.coop/wp-
content/uploads/2019/01/Canada-CHMC-new_models_for_co-op_housing.pdf