This document discusses different types of staircases used in construction including concrete, precast concrete, steel, and spiral stairs. Concrete stairs can be single straight flights, quarter turn, half turn, or winding. Precast concrete stairs provide better quality control and save space during construction but must be repetitive units. Steel stairs are commonly used in public buildings, manufactured from mild steel and cast iron, and can be suspended from or supported by steel or masonry structures. Spiral stairs occupy minimal floor space but building codes restrict their use to private dwellings.

1. BACHELOR OF QUANTITY SURVEYING
(HONS)
BLD 60104 CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY 1
By Azrina Md Yaakob
Azrina.MdYaakob@taylors.edu.my
CHAPTER 8
STAIRCASE

2. FUNCTIONS
OF
STAIRS
• Provide
circula-on
and
communica-on
between
various
levels
within
a
building
• Escape
Stairs:
• Limita1on
according
to
choice
of
materials,
posi1on
and
sizing

3. REQUIREMENT
OF
ESCAPE
STAIRS
• Constructed
from
non-­‐combus-ble
materials
• Stairway
protected
by
a
fire-­‐resis-ng
enclosure
• Separated
from
the
main
floor
area
by
a
set
or
sets
of
self-­‐closing
fire-­‐resis-ng
doors
• Limita-ons
as
to
riser
heights,
tread
lengths
and
handrail
requirement
usually
based
upon
use
of
building
• In
common
with
all
forms
of
stairs,
all
riser
heights
must
be
equal
through
out
the
rise
of
the
stairs

4. CONCRETE
ESCAPE
STAIRS
• Straight
flights
<
16
risers
per
flight
(for
shop
or
assembly
area)
• A
turn
of
at
least
30o
is
required
aLer
any
flight
with
>
36
risers

6. HEAD
ROOM

9. CONCRETE
STAIRS

10. 1.
SINGLE
STRAIGHT
FLIGHT
STAIR

11. 1.
SINGLE
STRAIGHT
FLIGHT
STAIR
• Simple
construc-on
• Flight
behaves
like
simply
supported
slab
spanning
from
landing
to
landing

13. 2.
QUARTER
TURN
STAIR

14. 3.
HALF-­‐TURN
STAIR

19. 4.
Winding
Stair
• Any
stairway
constructed
with
winders,
as
a
circular
or
spiral
stair
• Winders
can
be
hazardous
since
they
offer
liUle
foothold
at
their
interior
corners
• Use
of
winders
are
normally
restricted
by
building
regula-ons

20. 5.
Circular
Stair
• Has
a
circular
plan
configura-on
• Can
be
used
as
egress
of
building
if
its
inner
radius
is
at
least
twice
the
actual
width
of
its
stairway

21. 6.
Spiral
Stair
• Consists
of
wedge-­‐shaped
treads
winding
around
and
supported
by
a
central
post
• Occupy
a
minimal
amount
of
floor
space,
but
building
codes
permit
their
usage
only
as
private
stairs
in
individual
dwelling
units

22. PRECAST
CONCRETE
STAIRS

23. • Advantages:
• BeMer
quality
control
of
the
finished
product
• Saving
in
site
space
(no
need
formwork
storage
and
fabrica1on
area)
• Must
be
repe--ve
units
to
achieve
economic
proposi-on
• Types:
same
as
concrete
stairs

27. STEEL
STAIRS

28. STEEL
STAIRS
• Used
in
public
buildings
• Steel
• Pre-­‐fabricated
in
shop
• Most
steel
stairs
are
manufactured
from
mild
steel
with
treads
of
cast
iron
• Can
used
as
escape
stairs
or
accommoda-on
stairs
• More
expensive,
take
longer
to
fabricate
in
workshop
• Do
not
need
temporary
support
during
construc-on

29. LANDING
FRAME:
STAIR
SUSPENDED
FROM
STEEL
STRUCTURE

30. SUSPENDED
STEEL
LANDING

31. LANDING
FRAME:
STAIR
SUPPORTED
BY
STEEL
POSTS

32. LANDING
FRAME:
STAIR
SUPPORTED
MASONRY
OR
CONCRETE
WALLS

33. SELF-­‐
SUPPORTING
U-­‐SHAPED
STEEL
STAIR

34. TUTORIAL 8
• In a table form, explain the different types of staircase .
• Item to be included in the tables are:
ü Suitability
ü Advantages
ü Disadvantages
ü Cost
Requirements:
You should prepare the table form which need to be presented.
Please state your name, student ID and title. (Group)