Suspended ceilings are used to conceal structural features, pipes, ducts and provide acoustic and thermal insulation. Different types of grids are used including exposed, concealed and semi-concealed grids made of materials like metal, wood or gypsum board. Proper installation requires marking locations, installing perimeter trims and hangers before laying panels or tiles. Factors like fire resistance, lighting fixtures and sprinkler head clearance must be considered during installation and design of suspended ceilings.

1. USES:
Its used to conceal varied service lines-
structural features , open pipes and wiring,
and air conditioning ducts.
It gives more options to use special lighting
systems such as cove lighting, wall
washers, floating effects and so on.
False ceiling can be used to give thermal
insulation for a given space.
Besides, it also creates an effective sonic
system especially in auditoriums, cinema
halls or recording studios.

2. • TYPES OF SUSPENDED CEILINGS
• EXPOSED OR LAY-IN GRID
• CONCEALED GRID
• SEMI-CONCEALED GRID
• CONCEALED GRID FOR
• METAL CLIP-IN TILES
• METAL STRIP
• OPEN CELL CEILINGS
• BESPOKE METAL CEILINGS
• METAL FURRING SYSTEMS
• GRID
• PERIMETER TRIMS
• HANGERS

3. • Very basic and economic cost of False
Ceiling comes out to Rs. 150 – Rs 200 per sq.
ft (square feet) . If you add some creative
designs and material quality cost goes up.
Designs that gel well with rest of the room.
Plaster of Paris ( POP ) is being used since long long
time. Since last few years, Gypsum boards are used a
lot. Previously simple wood was used, now good
quality Ply is commonly used.

4. • The suspended ceiling was originally developed to conceal the
underside of the floor above and to offer acoustic balance and
control in a room.
• The acoustic performance of suspended ceilings has improved
dramatically over the years, with enhanced sound absorption and
attenuation. This is sometimes achieved by adding insulation known
as sound attenuation bats (sabs), more commonly referred to as
"sound bats", above the panels to help deaden sounds and keep
adjacent rooms quieter.
A COMMERCIAL BUILDING WITHOUT A
PLENUM AIRSPACE.
A COMMERCIAL BUILDING WITH A PLENUM
AIRSPACE.
FALSECEILING

5. PVC FALSE CEILING SECTIONS

6. • A system where the grid is visible and into which panels
are laid. The grid is finished in colours to harmonise or
contrast with the panels.
• Panels are manufactured from a variety of materials
including mineral/rock fibre, glass fibre, plasterboard,
calcium silicate, glass reinforced gypsum, perlite, wood,
steel and aluminium. Panels are available in a variety of
sizes to suit the modular features of the grid system. The
more common being 1200 x 600, 600 x 600 and 500 x
500mm.
• Grid systems are, generally, an inverted ‘T’ design, with a
table (exposed face) width of 15 or 24mm. They are rolled
from galvanised steel strip with a finished facing of painted
steel or aluminium. Grid systems may also have an exposed
face that is rolled to a profile or have a profiled aluminium
section applied.
EXPOSED OR LAY-IN GRID

7. EXPOSED OR LAY-IN GRID
• Extruded aluminium exposed grid systems are also
available.
• The various components clip together to form square or
rectangular modules to receive infill panels.
• Panels have, most commonly, square or simple rebated
edges, but some propriety products may have other
edge details. A considerable number of face patterns
and colours are available.
• Many panels are designed for wide usage and have
good general performance. Panels are also available
with enhanced features, offering increased sound
absorption, sound attenuation, heat insulation,
resistance to humidity, etc.
• Exposed grid suspended ceiling systems can contribute
to passive fire protection.
• The system is rapid to install and can provide a high
degree of access to the ceiling void.

9. • Concealed Grid (For Tiles Other Than
Steel/Aluminium)
• A system where, after the tiles are installed, the grid is not visible.
• The system most commonly comprises galvanised steel ‘Z’ sections fixed
with clips to a primary network of galvanised channel sections.
• Systems using inverted ‘T’ sections (similar to those described under
‘Exposed or lay-in grid’) may also be appropriate for specific
manufacturer’s tiles.
• Tiles are manufactured from a variety of material, including mineral/rock
wool, glass fibre, perlite cast plaster and wood.
• Edges may be kerbed (slotted), back-cut or tongued & grooved to receive
the ‘Z’ or ‘T’ section.
• The butting edges of the tiles may be square or bevelled to create a ‘V’
joint feature.
• Common sizes of tiles are 300 x 300 and 600 x 600.
• Concealed grid systems require an extremely high standard of
workmanship to achieve a satisfactory installation.
TYPICAL CONCEALED GRID

10. • SEMI-CONCEALED GRID :
• A system where the grid is visible in one direction only.
• The exposed grid sections would generally be a 24mm ‘T’, as described under
‘Exposed or lay-in grid’. The concealed components may be similar ‘T’ section,
‘Z’ section (usually 32mm deep) or a special deep ‘cranked Z’.
• As the grid components do not interlock spacer bars must be used to prevent
the exposed tee sections ‘spreading’ allowing panels to fall.
• This system is designed to support ‘planks’ – tiles that are 300mm wide and
1200, 1500, 1800 and up to 2500mm long.
• The exposed sections support the shorter edges.
• Planks are manufactured from a variety of material, including mineral/rock
wool, glass fibre, wood, steel and aluminium.
• The short edges are square cut and the long edges may be kerbed (slotted),
back-cut or tongued and grooved to receive the ‘Z’ or ‘T’ section.
• Planks manufactured from steel or aluminium will, generally, not require the
longitudinal (concealed) components.
• The butting edges of the planks are usually bevelled to create a ‘V’ joint
feature, but may be square – metal versions may have a separating foam
gasket.
• Semi-concealed systems can offer access to the void above the ceiling, but, if
required on a regular basis, care should be exercised in the selection of plank material.

12. INSTALLATION SEQUENCE
• Marking and drilling in primary ceiling.
• fix the perimeter angle section to the walls at the
desired levels.
• Suspend the intermediate c channel from the
ceiling at the desired height with soffit cleat.( soffit
cleat spacing=1200mm, intermediate channel
spacing=450/600mm)
• Suspend the main frame ceiling section from the
intermediate section with connecting clips at
600mm c/c.
• Screw the panel onto the frame work.
• the electric cables and service ducts ore laid as
per design before panels are screwed.
• For final finishing panel can be painted or
polished.

13. • Suspended ceiling is a secondary
ceiling which is hung below the main
ceiling.
• Also referred as a drop ceiling, T-
bar ceiling, false ceiling
• Used for concealing the underside of
the floor above
• Used to offer acoustic balance and
control in a room & improve
insulation.
• Consists of a grid work of metal
channels in the shape of an upside-
down "T“
• Grid work are suspended on wires
from the overhead structure
• Grids modular size = 600x600mm
• Each cell is filled with lightweight
"tiles" or "panels" which simply drop
into the grid.
•Tiles can be selected with a variety of
materials
Installation Of Suspended Ceiling:
•Install splayed wires at 3.6m on center in four directions.
•Provide adjustable compression struts, at center of splayed
wires, and attach to the structure above.
•Provide ceiling tile clips.
•Provide 25mm minimum separation between the ceiling
system and the enclosing walls
•This separation is called seismic separation

14. Installation Note:
•Standard grid module systems should not be more than 1.5 m in any direction.
•Hanger attachment devices is capable of carrying either 200 pounds or 3 times the ceiling design load
•Members perpendicular to the wall at the unattached sides of the grid shall be tied together with the help
of stabilizing bar (stabilized) to prevent their spreading.
(3.6m)
(3.6m)
(1.2 or 1.5m)
(1.8m)
(2.4m)
General Installation Requirements
(2.4m)
(2.4m)
(2.4m)
(2’=0.6m)
(3/4’=0.2m)
Typical Ceiling Grid Layout

15. Screw
Screw
Screw
Stabilizer bar
0.6m
2.4m
(3/4’=0.2m)
Screw
2.4m
0.6m
Grid
Grid
Unattached End of
Grid
Attached End of
Grid
Hanger Wires & Stabilizer Bar
(0.6m)
(2.4m)
(2.4m)
(2.4m)
(4’= 1.2m)
(2’= 0.6m)

16. • Lighting fixtures, egress lighting, speakers, air terminals or mechanical services weighing up to 56
pounds can be supported by suspended ceiling
• Sprinkler heads or other similar ceiling penetrations shall be provided with at least 2.54 cm of
clearance in all directions surrounding the sprinkler head or extension.
Sprinkler Penetration
Fixture Support

17. Expansion joint
Installation Of Timber Suspended Ceiling:
• Grid system is formed with the help of wooden joists.
• Modular grid size 400x600mm
• Grid system is supported by hanger wire & wooden screws
• Each cell is filled with lightweight “wooden panels" which
simply drop into the grid.
Description of the material
1 Cement Board Indoor
2 Insulation material coat
3 Batten and lath framework 400/600 mm
4 Maxi Screw
7 Joint Filler –14 fire protection plate GKF, 12.5 mm
21 Direct hanger
27 Dividing strips
28 Filling
29 Expansion joint (15-20mm gap)
Suspended ceiling with wooden framework
Direct fastening under solid ceilings
Connection to solid walls
Direct fastening under wooden ceilings

18. Installation Of Steel Suspended Ceiling:
• Steel structure of suspended ceiling is composed of
grids
•Grid system is supported by hanger wire
•Each cell is filled with lightweight “panels" which
simply drops into the grid.
Abbreviation:
1. Primary profile
2. Secondary profile
3. Fixing hooks
4. Connector
5. Hanger
6. Hanger wires
APPLICATION :
I. Primary & Secondary profile : 60x27mm
Application : Used as Grid.
II. Connector: 27x61.5x100 mm
Application: To connect two profiles
III. Fixer: 50x58x0.8 mm
Application: Fixes secondary profile to primary profile
IV. Hangers / Hanger wires (dia 6mm): 90x58x1.5mm
Application: Fixes primary profile to ceiling

19. Installation Of Aluminum Suspended Ceiling:
• Aluminum structure of suspended ceiling is composed of grids
•Grid system is supported by hanger wire & cleats
•Each cell is filled with lightweight “panels" which simply drops into
the grid.
Length : 3.6 m
Length : 1.2m
Length : 3.05 m

20. Polyvinyl chloride (P.V.C.) tiles
• Are commonly used floor & suspended ceiling finish
• They are small in size , usually 150mm, 225mm and 305mm
• The tiles are made of a composite of PVC and fiber
• Available in different colors, sizes, designs and patterns
• Are used in residences, offices, and commercial areas
• The main advantages of PVC tiles are:
a. Are easy to install & maintenance free
b. Offer excellent insulation
c. Are water proof and fire retardant.
d. Long lasting
Gypsum Board
• Is a panel made of gypsum plaster
• It is pressed between two thick sheets of paper.
• It is used to make interior walls and ceilings.
• The main advantages of gypsum board are:
a) Ease of installation
b) Fire resistance
c) Sound insulation
d) Durability , Economy & Versatility
Acoustic Board
• Is a special kind of board made of sound absorbing materials.
• Its job is to provide sound insulation.
• Ceiling is porous.
• When sound passes through an acoustic board, the intensity of sound is
decreased.
• The loss of sound energy is balanced by producing heat energy.
• Used in auditoriums, halls, seminar rooms, libraries etc

21. Special Consideration of fire insulation:
1. Tiles can provide the additional resistance.
2. A fire-resistance rating typically means the duration for
which a passive fire protection system can withstand a
standard fire resistance test
3. Fire resistance ratings for ceiling panels vary with respect to
different material.
4. Fire resistance ratings are based on the materials used and
preparation of each panel.
5. Regulations call for the control of fire, smoke and gases in
ceiling voids.
6. Cavity barriers should be installed at the specified intervals.
7. Cavity barriers are primarily intended to delay the passage
of fire.
8. Indicative tests have shown that stone wool, reinforced with
a 25mm wire mesh, acts as a high efficiency filter to prevent
the passage of smoke particles.
9. Cavity barriers must satisfy the requirements of current
Building Regulations
10. Where services penetrate a barrier its effectiveness must be
maintained by effective and approved sealing.
11. All fire sprinklers piping and layout to be approved by the
fire department
12. Fire sprinklers head should have 0.6 m oversize ring or
adaptor through the ceiling to allow for at least 0.31 m of
movement in all directions
13. For fire resistive main runners, all expansion relief cutout
should be within 1m of a vertical support wire
Fire Sprinkler Head

22. DETACHED CEILING-
It’s a part ceiling with or without covering the primary
ceiling. this ceiling is mainly used to play with the levels
of the false ceiling to provide lighting.
This system is creatively used, especially at the
exhibition galleries and show rooms using very unusual
materials like fabrics and other similar materials.
POINTS TO BE NOTED-
Avoid textured or porous materials at the non- air
conditioned spaces to avoid accumulation of dust in long
run and for better maintenance.
The ceiling material should be selected, in such a way
that it can be painted.
The space between the false ceiling and the primary
ceiling shall be completely sealed off for better
maintenance
GYPSUM BOARD CEILING

23. Gypboard attached(direct to framing):
• Secured directly to framing members or to solid furring.
• Most widely used in residential and light commercial
• construction.
• Two layers may be required for an improved fire
resistance to sound transmission.
• Directly affected by deflection and/or
expansion/contraction in supporting framing.

24. Gypboard attached(direct to framing)
Primary & secondary supports

25. • 4. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY
SUPPORTS:
• Primary suspension system may also include a
• Secondary system of furring channels used to align
• The primary system and/or to provide resilient
mounting
• of the membrane.
• It is a high cost assembly and not widely used.
• Resilient furring channels generally used with wood
framing.

26. Concealed metal
framework
Concealed
wooden
framework

27. Basic grid for gyp
board false ceiling
made of channel
and holdfast

28. Fixture detail at step
(level difference at false ceiling)

29. detail view
support used to lift the

30. Typical cross section
Perimeter detail
Method of fixing sections
3d view of joinery details

31. Fixture of channels at corner
fixing details

32. WALL TO WALL FALSE CEILING -
It is commonly used. this is a straight forward ceiling with
plane, curve, domed or angular shaped forms connecting all
the walls.
MATERIALS mostly used in this category are pop,
gypsum board, thermocol, extruded aluminium, ply wood
wooden panneling and ceiling tiles.
PLASTER OF PARIS FALSE
CEILING

33. GYPSUM BOARDS HAVING
DIFFERENT TEXTURES

35. CENTRE ROSES

36. WALL PANELS CAPITALS

37. PROCESS OF PREPARATION OF
P.O.P SHEET

38. MODULAR CEILING –
It comes in fix sizes of panels thus
accommodating the lighting system with the
same, multiple or fractions of the modules.
Acoustic tile is the best example in this category.
advantage is it offers flexibility in terms of change
in lighting system, service ducts and pipes that
run below the primary ceiling without damaging
the false ceiling.

39. • THANK YOU