This document summarizes different aspects of memory, including: 1. It discusses early studies on memory from Hermann Ebbinghaus in the late 1800s and describes the traditional model of memory as having sensory, short-term, and long-term components. 2. It describes flashbulb memory and procedural memory as memory for skills and tasks. Alterations in neural structures are thought to underlie changes in procedural skills. 3. Different approaches to studying memory are mentioned, including tip-of-the-tongue phenomena, flashbulb memories, and information processing models that draw parallels between computer and human memory. Factors like depth of processing can influence memory permanence.

1. Memory Chapter 7

2. Initial Studies Hermann Ebbinghaus – late 1800s

3. Memory Recognition Recall

4. Traditional Model of Memory There are three types of memory: sensory, short-term, and long-term. And also, Flashbulb memory…

6. Flashbulb Memory Procedural Memory Memory for how to do things: Ride a bike Skateboard Play an instrument Performance of skills is task specific Alterations in neural processing structures are most likely the cause of procedural skills

7. Other Approaches Tip-of-the-tongue (TOT): used to study the network of semantic memories The study of flashbulb memories has provided information about episodic memory.

8. Information-Processing Model A parallel between the computer and human memory.

9. Other Approaches Craik and Lockhart > only one type of memory. The level of processing may determine the permanence of the storage of this memory. Chapter 7 Memory Schemas will help me remember

10. Memory The number of sessions, distribution of practice, meaningfulness of items, similarity of items, and serial position (latency, recency effects) of items influence human learning.

11. Forgetting Proactive Interference: old material interferes new. Retroactive interference: new material interferes old.

12. Amnesia Retrograde amnesia May occur when memories are not allowed to consolidate or set. Anterograde amnesia New information cannot be stored, although old memories remain intact Can result from damage to hippocampus

13. Mnemonics Imagery Peg-word Acronyms Acrostics The method of loci

14. Other Encoding specificity > associated with retrieval It has been suggested that memories of childhood sexual abuse may be repressed and recalled during adulthood. Often suggestions made by a therapist.