A protocol is a set of rules for exchanging data between devices and defines how messages should be formatted, transmitted and acknowledged. Some common protocols include HTTP for accessing web pages, SMTP for sending email, FTP for file transfers, TCP for reliable packet delivery across networks, and IP for logical addressing to route information between networks.

1. CHAPTER 3: COMPUTER
NETWORKS AND
COMMUNICATIONS

2. Protocol
 A protocol is a set of rules for the exchange of
data between a terminal and computer or
between two computers. Think of protocol as a
sort of precommunication agreement about the
form in which a message or data is to be sent
and receipt is to be acknowledge.

3. Types of Protocols
 Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) – This protocol
is used to access, send and receive Hypertext
Markup Language (HTML) files on the Internet.

4.  Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) – This
protocol is used for transferring email between
computers

5.  File Transfer Protocol (FTP) – FTP is responsible for
allowing file to be copied between devices.

6.  Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) – This
protocol ensures the delivery of information packets
across network.

7.  Internet Protocol (IP) – This important protocol is
responsible for providing logical addressing called
IP address to route information between networks.