There are four main states of matter: solids, liquids, gases, and plasma. Solids have a definite shape and volume, with particles vibrating in a fixed position. Liquids have a definite volume but indefinite shape, as particles slide past one another. Gases have indefinite shapes and volumes, as particles move rapidly away from each other. Plasma is the hottest state and consists of ionized gas particles that are electrically charged.

1. Chapter 3: States of Matter

2. 4 States of Matter Matter: is anything that has mass and volume 4 States of Matter: solid, liquid, gas, plasma

3. Solids Definite Shape and definite volume; particles vibrate in place 2 types: crystalline and amorphous Crystalline: particles are lined up neatly in repeating patterns of rows. Amorphous: particles do not line up in repeated rows

4. Examples of Solids: Crystalline: Amorphous:

5. Liquids Definite volume Indefinite shape (takes shape of container) Particles are not arranged in repeating patterns; particles slide past each other

6. Gas Indefinite volume and indefinite shape Particle move rapidly to get away from each other

7. Plasma Plasma a. Hot, ionized gas particles. b. Electrically charged. c. Most common state in universe.

8. In summary, Phase Properties Phase Particle Properties Proximity Energy Motion Volume Shape Solid Liquid Gas close little vibrational definite definite close moderate rotational definite indefinite far apart a lot translational indefinite indefinite

9. Phase Change Graph

10. Start from: Change to: Name solid liquid melting liquid solid freezing liquid gas boiling gas liquid condensation solid gas (skipping liquid phase) sublimation