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Chapter 10 respiration II
This document provides information about respiration and the effects of tobacco smoke on health. It begins by stating the learning objectives which are to describe the effect of lactic acid in muscles during exercise and the effects of tobacco smoke and its components (nicotine, tar, carbon monoxide) on health. It then discusses the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration, where they occur in the body, and what happens when muscles carry out anaerobic respiration due to not receiving enough oxygen during vigorous exercise. The document also describes how the body removes lactic acid and the harmful effects of tobacco smoke, such as chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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Chapter 10 respiration II
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- 3. ∗ By theend of the lesson, students should be able to: ∗ describe the effect of lactic acid in muscles during exercise. ∗ describe the effect of tobacco smoke and its major toxic components – nicotine, tar and carbon monoxide, on health. Lesson Objectives
- 4. 1)What are 3differences between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration in the human body? a) release of different amounts of energy b) availability of oxygen c) products formed Quick Recap!
- 5. Quick Recap! 2)Which partof the human body can carry out both aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration? skeletal muscles
- 6. ∗ When aperson is exercising vigorously, muscle cells need A LOT OF ENERGY. ∗ Even though we breathe faster and deeper than usual, the muscle cells are not able to receive oxygen fast enough to meet the demand for aerobic respiration. ∗ What happens then is that the muscle cells respire anaerobically to release even more energy. Why carry out anaerobic respiration?
- 7. ∗Lactic acid isproduced. ∗Lactic acid accumulated in the muscles cause fatigue – muscular pains decrease performance. ∗Lactic acid must be removed. ∗This requires oxygen, thus the body is said to have incurred an oxygen debt. So what happens when there is anaerobic respiration?
- 8. ∗Lactic acid istransported to liver. ∗Oxidized to produce energy to convert remaining lactic acid to glucose. ∗Glucose can be stored or used in aerobic respiration. How does the body remove lactic acid?
- 9. ∗Subject A ∗ Herface looks sickly pale, but she is full of energy! ∗ She walked the entire X-country.
- 10. ∗ Subject B ∗This tall, dark and handsome boy has been running at a comfortable pace for 5 min. ∗ Actually… Just slightly faster than subject A.
- 11. ∗Subject C ∗ Crazy-lookingkid who has been running at full speed throughout the X-country!
- 13. ∗Subject C ∗ Truthis… he saw a cockroach and was running away...
- 14. ∗Tabacco smoke ∗Haze ∗Respiratory diseases ∗E.g. chronic bronchitis, emphysema What can harm a person’s respiratory system?
- 15. ∗ Groups of4! ∗ A table will be given to organize the data in the envelopes. ∗ Properties of the chemicals (red colour) ∗ Effects on body (blue colour) ∗ Example: Activity Time!
- 16. ∗You will begiven 10 minutes to complete the task! ∗The fastest group with all correct answers gets a prize! Activity Time!
- 17. Harmful Substances inCigarette Smoke
- 19. ∗Due to prolongedbreathing of irritants Chronic bronchitis
- 21. Function of Cilia ∗Forma lining on the thin epithelium lining ∗Cilia helps to sweep dust particles and bacteria up the bronchioles, to the bronchi, and to the trachea into the pharynx to get swallowed into the oesophagus
- 22. ∗ Inflammation oftrachea, bronchi, bronchioles (airways) ∗ Cilia along the epithelium lining being paralysed. ∗ Irritants are trapped in the mucus lining the airways. ∗ Airways become blocked, making breathing difficult. ∗ Persistent coughing, in order to clear airways. ∗ This also leads to an increased risk of getting lung infections. Chronic bronchitis
- 23. ∗Due to persistentand violent coughing Emphysema
- 24. 1. Violent coughing breaksthe partition walls between the alveoli ∗ Surface area for gaseous exchange will decrease Emphysema
- 25. 2. Lungs also losetheir elasticity ∗ Air is trapped in the lungs Emphysema
- 26. 3. Breathing becomesdifficult ∗ Person will wheeze and suffer from severe breathlessness Emphysema
- 27. ∗ This personis suffering from COPD! ∗ Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease lah! What happens when a person suffers BOTH chronic bronchitis and emphysema?
- 28. Stay healthy andstay away from ! ∗And you will be smiling like them everyday! Smile like a retard! Smile like Joker!
Editor's Notes
- #8 Anaerobic respiration in muscle cells cannot be sustained for long.
- #9 During a period of rest, the body cells oxidise all the lactic acid thus ‘ repaying ’ the ‘ debt ’ and relieving the pain.
- #10 To help you all learn better by using real life situations, I thought we will make use of very real life situations: your own classmates during the cross country! So we start off with subject A: a person who is walking slowly Subject B: a person who is running for 3-5min Subject C: a person who ran continuously for 20min and is sprinting towards the finishing line!
- #13 Let’s take a look at all 3 subjects. So which subject do you think has the least aerobic respiration taking place in his/her body? Who do you think has the most aerobic respiration and also respiring anaerobically?
- #15 Now that we know the two different types of respiration, and when each type occurs, I hope everyone in the class today appreciates better how important our body’s respiratory system is. The next thing we are going to learn is: what do you think can harm a person’s respiratory system? I’m sure we all know one of the more prominent thing is cigarette smoke. But is there any other environmental conditions which may cause us hamr too ? Correct! Recently, Singapore has been hit by very bad haze conditions. Haze can also harm our respiratory system.
- #18 Let’s take a look at this diagram now. It shows us some harmful substances in cigarette smoke and their effects. There are 4 main components. Lets take a look at each of them in greater detail. There is nicotine, tar, carbon monoxide gas and irritants.