Presentation by Steve Wiggins at the event "The Political Economy of Agricultural Policy Processes in Africa", September 2014.
http://www.future-agricultures.org/events/the-political-economy-of-agricultural-policy-processes-in-africa
The document provides provisional figures and analysis of the 2019-2020 cereal production season, crop production, pastoral and nutrition situations, and regional market conditions in West Africa. Key points include:
- Cereal production reached 75.1 million MT, a 1.7% increase over last year and 14% above the 5-year average. However, deficits remained in some Sahelian countries.
- Root and tuber production was 191 million MT, up 1.1% over last year. Legume and oilseed production also increased, except for cowpeas.
- The pastoral situation was generally good except for deficits in Mauritania, Senegal, and parts of Niger and Chad.
-
"Global Trade Patterns, Competitiveness, and Growth Outlook" presented by Antoine Bouet, Senior Research Fellow, Markets, Trade and Institutions Division, IFPRI, at 2014 ReSAKSS Annual Conference, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, October 9, 2014
"Implementation Performance and Progress toward Core CAADP Targets" presented by Sam Benin, Research Fellow, Development Strategy and Governance Division, IFPRI, at 2014 ReSAKSS Annual Conference, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, October 9, 2014
The document provides an outlook and analysis of agricultural commodity markets in 2020. It discusses:
1) The risk of a demand shock has quieted, and a supply shock is needed to change market sentiment as the major driver of demand growth over the past decade has ended.
2) South America dominates world grain and oilseed trade flows and supplies are currently adequate, with the U.S. acting as a price floor and transparent storage source.
3) The past decade saw unprecedented growth in global demand for corn, soybeans, wheat and vegetable oils driven by globalization, dietary shifts and biofuels, but this golden era of growth has ended.
This document analyzes the impact of rice imports on domestic rice production in Nigeria. It finds that Nigeria accounts for over 50% of rice production in West Africa but still relies heavily on rice imports to meet domestic demand. Domestic rice production costs are high, making local rice uncompetitive with imported rice. While government policies have aimed to promote self-sufficiency, rice imports continue to dominate the market and outcompete local producers. Improving yields, quality standards, processing efficiency and reducing costs will be needed for domestic rice to become competitive.
The document provides an overview of the 2020/2021 cropping season in West Africa and the Sahel region. Key points include:
- Cereal production for the region is estimated at 74.8 million metric tons, a 1.3% increase from last year.
- Most countries saw higher than average yields for rainfed crops due to favorable rainfall.
- Pastoral conditions are better than last year with higher biomass production and carrying capacity.
- The regional cereal balance sheet estimates a surplus of 18.4 million metric tons.
The document provides provisional figures and analysis of the 2019-2020 cereal production season, crop production, pastoral and nutrition situations, and regional market conditions in West Africa. Key points include:
- Cereal production reached 75.1 million MT, a 1.7% increase over last year and 14% above the 5-year average. However, deficits remained in some Sahelian countries.
- Root and tuber production was 191 million MT, up 1.1% over last year. Legume and oilseed production also increased, except for cowpeas.
- The pastoral situation was generally good except for deficits in Mauritania, Senegal, and parts of Niger and Chad.
-
"Global Trade Patterns, Competitiveness, and Growth Outlook" presented by Antoine Bouet, Senior Research Fellow, Markets, Trade and Institutions Division, IFPRI, at 2014 ReSAKSS Annual Conference, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, October 9, 2014
"Implementation Performance and Progress toward Core CAADP Targets" presented by Sam Benin, Research Fellow, Development Strategy and Governance Division, IFPRI, at 2014 ReSAKSS Annual Conference, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, October 9, 2014
The document provides an outlook and analysis of agricultural commodity markets in 2020. It discusses:
1) The risk of a demand shock has quieted, and a supply shock is needed to change market sentiment as the major driver of demand growth over the past decade has ended.
2) South America dominates world grain and oilseed trade flows and supplies are currently adequate, with the U.S. acting as a price floor and transparent storage source.
3) The past decade saw unprecedented growth in global demand for corn, soybeans, wheat and vegetable oils driven by globalization, dietary shifts and biofuels, but this golden era of growth has ended.
This document analyzes the impact of rice imports on domestic rice production in Nigeria. It finds that Nigeria accounts for over 50% of rice production in West Africa but still relies heavily on rice imports to meet domestic demand. Domestic rice production costs are high, making local rice uncompetitive with imported rice. While government policies have aimed to promote self-sufficiency, rice imports continue to dominate the market and outcompete local producers. Improving yields, quality standards, processing efficiency and reducing costs will be needed for domestic rice to become competitive.
The document provides an overview of the 2020/2021 cropping season in West Africa and the Sahel region. Key points include:
- Cereal production for the region is estimated at 74.8 million metric tons, a 1.3% increase from last year.
- Most countries saw higher than average yields for rainfed crops due to favorable rainfall.
- Pastoral conditions are better than last year with higher biomass production and carrying capacity.
- The regional cereal balance sheet estimates a surplus of 18.4 million metric tons.
This chapter outlines the national and local policy context for parking policies and enforcement in England:
1. Effective parking management is key to reducing congestion under the national transport strategy. Local authorities must develop integrated parking strategies and use traffic orders to implement restrictions.
2. The 1991 Road Traffic Act allowed local authorities to take over parking enforcement from the police. Under the 2004 Traffic Management Act, authorities outside London now have similar enforcement powers to those in London.
3. This guidance uses the terminology of the 2004 Act, referring to civil enforcement officers, penalty charge notices, and enforcement authorities. It advises developing parking policies that suit local needs while being fair and effective.
The document lists the top 10 articles of 2014 chosen for being interesting, analyzing current topics, and providing historical context. The #1 article discusses how the most efficient factory in America was shut down without explanation of the reasons behind the closing and offshoring of manufacturing jobs. The #2 article profiles the wrongful 3-year imprisonment of a man in Rikers without being convicted of a crime. The #3 article is an interview where comedian Chris Rock discusses racism in America.
Elements are pure substances made of only one type of atom. Compounds contain two or more types of atoms chemically bonded together in a fixed ratio. Mixtures are physical combinations of elements and/or compounds not chemically bonded in a fixed ratio. Particles in elements are all the same type of atom. Particles in compounds have a set ratio of different atom types. Particles in mixtures retain their own identities when blended together.
Sneha Hasthaalu is a non-profit organization started in 2005 by IT professionals to empower rural youth through education and skill development. It has adopted 51 schools impacting 3400 students, supported 15 students financially, established 2 libraries, planted 1400 trees, and provided computer training to 110 students. The organization aims to continue supporting existing activities while expanding to reach more students through school adoptions, libraries, financial support, and skills training for rural women. It appeals for donations from the public to fund these ongoing and expanded efforts to empower underprivileged youth.
The film tells the story of con artists Irving Rosenfeld and Sydney Prosser who are forced to work with an unpredictable FBI agent Richie DiMaso. Starring Jennifer Lawrence and Jeremy Renner, the 138-minute film was financially successful with a worldwide box office total of $248.9 million, though it received an age rating of 15 for violence and language.
Manifestação da República do Paraná contra LulaMiguel Rosario
O documento trata de exceções de incompetência apresentadas pela defesa de Lula questionando a competência da 13a Vara Federal de Curitiba. O Ministério Público Federal argumenta que a exceção não deve ser conhecida por se tratar de fase preliminar de inquérito, e que há conexão entre os fatos investigados nos inquéritos de Lula e os apurados na Operação Lava Jato, justificando a competência da Vara de Curitiba.
The document discusses atoms and counting atoms in compounds. It provides examples of chemical formulas and how to determine the number of each type of atom present. Students are asked to complete an oral presentation on an element describing its atom model, number of protons, neutrons and electrons, and state at room temperature. The main elements that make up living organisms are identified as carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus and sulfur.
This document discusses different camera techniques used during filming, including a handheld establishing shot from outside the car to show the setting, a steady tripod shot from inside the car for a point-of-view shot of the driver and to imply the character is being watched, and an outside two shot of the characters to provide establishing shots and close-ups for editing.
Solar energy is radiation from the sun that includes ultra-violet, visible, and infra-red light. It has benefits such as being pollution-free, having unlimited supply, being able to be captured with low technology, and being cost effective. However, it is also intermittent. Common applications of solar energy include solar cookers and solar cell panels.
Rachel Hynes' senior project involved retraining a racehorse to be a well-rounded riding horse that is safe, versatile, and reliable. Through the process, Rachel learned patience, dedication, and had to overcome financial demands, time constraints, training obstacles, and challenges requiring selflessness. The project resulted in an overall healthier horse suitable for multiple riding disciplines.
El documento describe cómo el arte en México cambió tras la Revolución Mexicana, adoptando un nuevo estilo de murales para educar al pueblo sobre su historia. Antes, los artistas usaban modelos europeos, pero la Revolución permitió expresar ideas diferentes. Los tres muralistas principales fueron Diego Rivera, José Clemente Orozco y David Alfaro Siqueiros.
Dalla Valle Exploring opportunities and constraints for young agro entreprene...futureagricultures
- Youth unemployment in Africa is a major issue, with 60% of unemployed being youth and youth unemployment rates being double adult rates in many countries.
- The agriculture sector provides opportunities to employ many youth but currently only 38% of Africa's working youth is in agriculture.
- Better addressing the needs of youth through education and training focused on agriculture, improving access to land, finance, technology and markets can help facilitate youth entrance and participation in the agriculture sector.
The document discusses plagiarism, defining it as the uncredited copying of another's words or ideas. It provides examples of plagiarized text and how to properly cite sources to avoid plagiarism. Consequences of plagiarism range from warnings to expulsion. The document advises attributing all sources through in-text citations, quoting sparingly and paraphrasing ideas, and using plagiarism detection software.
The document provides historical context about 19th century England striving to improve through scientific and technological advances like gas lamps, steamboats, and railroads. Newspapers were how Victorians measured progress by gathering worldwide news. The Times of London became more popular and objective. Journalistic essays provided perspectives on current events and trends in an informative or emotive voice. The document focuses on a journalistic essay by Sydney Smith from 1771-1845 who wrote about progress, including improvements in streetlights, railways, and umbrellas.
This trailer summarizes the upcoming season of the television show Dallas. It previews renewed rivalry between cousins John Ross and Christopher Ewing over control of the family oil business, similar to the past conflict between their fathers JR and Bobby Ewing. John Ross aims to expand the company for money and power, while Christopher wants to preserve the family ranch. The trailer also teases Christopher's new marriage to Rebecca and hints that past secrets could emerge to impact the cousins' feud. Overall it establishes familiar familial drama and business intrigue will continue in the new season.
The document discusses agricultural development in Sub-Saharan Africa. It notes that African agriculture is characterized by extensive growth rather than intensive growth, as seen by slow increases in land productivity and cereal yields. This has resulted in Africa falling into a "Ricardian trap" of low output and poverty. Agricultural extension services are presented as a way to promote development with equity by transferring new technologies and improving land productivity, as occurred during the Green Revolution in Asia. The document argues extension services could help Africa escape from its current constraints on food production and economic growth.
African agricultural development: lessons and challengesfutureagricultures
African agricultural development has fluctuated between periods of optimism and pessimism over the past century. Recent decades saw stagnation but since the 1990s growth has improved. Statistics show rising production values, yields, and incomes across much of Africa. Studies find smallholder farmers gradually intensifying crops for markets through own initiative more than public programs. Consensus exists that rural investment in infrastructure, education, and technology can help but big challenges remain in improving factor markets. Initiatives experimenting with subsidies, contracts, and rural finance show potential to reduce risks and transaction costs, leveraging private capital, but more learning is needed from diverse country experiences. While agricultural progress provides cautious optimism, Africa's greater long term challenge may be developing manufacturing and urban
This chapter outlines the national and local policy context for parking policies and enforcement in England:
1. Effective parking management is key to reducing congestion under the national transport strategy. Local authorities must develop integrated parking strategies and use traffic orders to implement restrictions.
2. The 1991 Road Traffic Act allowed local authorities to take over parking enforcement from the police. Under the 2004 Traffic Management Act, authorities outside London now have similar enforcement powers to those in London.
3. This guidance uses the terminology of the 2004 Act, referring to civil enforcement officers, penalty charge notices, and enforcement authorities. It advises developing parking policies that suit local needs while being fair and effective.
The document lists the top 10 articles of 2014 chosen for being interesting, analyzing current topics, and providing historical context. The #1 article discusses how the most efficient factory in America was shut down without explanation of the reasons behind the closing and offshoring of manufacturing jobs. The #2 article profiles the wrongful 3-year imprisonment of a man in Rikers without being convicted of a crime. The #3 article is an interview where comedian Chris Rock discusses racism in America.
Elements are pure substances made of only one type of atom. Compounds contain two or more types of atoms chemically bonded together in a fixed ratio. Mixtures are physical combinations of elements and/or compounds not chemically bonded in a fixed ratio. Particles in elements are all the same type of atom. Particles in compounds have a set ratio of different atom types. Particles in mixtures retain their own identities when blended together.
Sneha Hasthaalu is a non-profit organization started in 2005 by IT professionals to empower rural youth through education and skill development. It has adopted 51 schools impacting 3400 students, supported 15 students financially, established 2 libraries, planted 1400 trees, and provided computer training to 110 students. The organization aims to continue supporting existing activities while expanding to reach more students through school adoptions, libraries, financial support, and skills training for rural women. It appeals for donations from the public to fund these ongoing and expanded efforts to empower underprivileged youth.
The film tells the story of con artists Irving Rosenfeld and Sydney Prosser who are forced to work with an unpredictable FBI agent Richie DiMaso. Starring Jennifer Lawrence and Jeremy Renner, the 138-minute film was financially successful with a worldwide box office total of $248.9 million, though it received an age rating of 15 for violence and language.
Manifestação da República do Paraná contra LulaMiguel Rosario
O documento trata de exceções de incompetência apresentadas pela defesa de Lula questionando a competência da 13a Vara Federal de Curitiba. O Ministério Público Federal argumenta que a exceção não deve ser conhecida por se tratar de fase preliminar de inquérito, e que há conexão entre os fatos investigados nos inquéritos de Lula e os apurados na Operação Lava Jato, justificando a competência da Vara de Curitiba.
The document discusses atoms and counting atoms in compounds. It provides examples of chemical formulas and how to determine the number of each type of atom present. Students are asked to complete an oral presentation on an element describing its atom model, number of protons, neutrons and electrons, and state at room temperature. The main elements that make up living organisms are identified as carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus and sulfur.
This document discusses different camera techniques used during filming, including a handheld establishing shot from outside the car to show the setting, a steady tripod shot from inside the car for a point-of-view shot of the driver and to imply the character is being watched, and an outside two shot of the characters to provide establishing shots and close-ups for editing.
Solar energy is radiation from the sun that includes ultra-violet, visible, and infra-red light. It has benefits such as being pollution-free, having unlimited supply, being able to be captured with low technology, and being cost effective. However, it is also intermittent. Common applications of solar energy include solar cookers and solar cell panels.
Rachel Hynes' senior project involved retraining a racehorse to be a well-rounded riding horse that is safe, versatile, and reliable. Through the process, Rachel learned patience, dedication, and had to overcome financial demands, time constraints, training obstacles, and challenges requiring selflessness. The project resulted in an overall healthier horse suitable for multiple riding disciplines.
El documento describe cómo el arte en México cambió tras la Revolución Mexicana, adoptando un nuevo estilo de murales para educar al pueblo sobre su historia. Antes, los artistas usaban modelos europeos, pero la Revolución permitió expresar ideas diferentes. Los tres muralistas principales fueron Diego Rivera, José Clemente Orozco y David Alfaro Siqueiros.
Dalla Valle Exploring opportunities and constraints for young agro entreprene...futureagricultures
- Youth unemployment in Africa is a major issue, with 60% of unemployed being youth and youth unemployment rates being double adult rates in many countries.
- The agriculture sector provides opportunities to employ many youth but currently only 38% of Africa's working youth is in agriculture.
- Better addressing the needs of youth through education and training focused on agriculture, improving access to land, finance, technology and markets can help facilitate youth entrance and participation in the agriculture sector.
The document discusses plagiarism, defining it as the uncredited copying of another's words or ideas. It provides examples of plagiarized text and how to properly cite sources to avoid plagiarism. Consequences of plagiarism range from warnings to expulsion. The document advises attributing all sources through in-text citations, quoting sparingly and paraphrasing ideas, and using plagiarism detection software.
The document provides historical context about 19th century England striving to improve through scientific and technological advances like gas lamps, steamboats, and railroads. Newspapers were how Victorians measured progress by gathering worldwide news. The Times of London became more popular and objective. Journalistic essays provided perspectives on current events and trends in an informative or emotive voice. The document focuses on a journalistic essay by Sydney Smith from 1771-1845 who wrote about progress, including improvements in streetlights, railways, and umbrellas.
This trailer summarizes the upcoming season of the television show Dallas. It previews renewed rivalry between cousins John Ross and Christopher Ewing over control of the family oil business, similar to the past conflict between their fathers JR and Bobby Ewing. John Ross aims to expand the company for money and power, while Christopher wants to preserve the family ranch. The trailer also teases Christopher's new marriage to Rebecca and hints that past secrets could emerge to impact the cousins' feud. Overall it establishes familiar familial drama and business intrigue will continue in the new season.
The document discusses agricultural development in Sub-Saharan Africa. It notes that African agriculture is characterized by extensive growth rather than intensive growth, as seen by slow increases in land productivity and cereal yields. This has resulted in Africa falling into a "Ricardian trap" of low output and poverty. Agricultural extension services are presented as a way to promote development with equity by transferring new technologies and improving land productivity, as occurred during the Green Revolution in Asia. The document argues extension services could help Africa escape from its current constraints on food production and economic growth.
African agricultural development: lessons and challengesfutureagricultures
African agricultural development has fluctuated between periods of optimism and pessimism over the past century. Recent decades saw stagnation but since the 1990s growth has improved. Statistics show rising production values, yields, and incomes across much of Africa. Studies find smallholder farmers gradually intensifying crops for markets through own initiative more than public programs. Consensus exists that rural investment in infrastructure, education, and technology can help but big challenges remain in improving factor markets. Initiatives experimenting with subsidies, contracts, and rural finance show potential to reduce risks and transaction costs, leveraging private capital, but more learning is needed from diverse country experiences. While agricultural progress provides cautious optimism, Africa's greater long term challenge may be developing manufacturing and urban
EMERGING TRENDS and SCENARIOS for AFRICAN AGRICULTURERUFORUM
1. The document discusses emerging trends in African agriculture, including the "rediscovery" of agriculture's role in development and changes in agricultural structure.
2. It notes trends toward commercialized agriculture linked into agri-food business systems and concerns about food security at household levels.
3. Africa has significant agricultural potential but will need to meet growing global and local food demand while navigating trade agreements and improving logistics to access markets.
The Brussels Development Briefing n.47 on the subject of “Regional Trade in Africa: Drivers, Trends and Opportunities” took place on 3rd February 2017 in Brussels at the ACP Secretariat (Avenue Georges Henri 451, 1200 Brussels) from 09:00 to 13:00. This Briefing was organised by the ACP-EU Technical Centre for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation (CTA), in collaboration with IFPRI, the European Commission / DEVCO, the ACP Secretariat, and CONCORD .
This document discusses trends in the global rice market and their implications for rice production in West Africa. It finds that structural changes in Asian rice producing economies are leading to decreased rice consumption and exports. Meanwhile, West Africa's rice imports are rising as production struggles to keep pace with demand. However, West Africa cannot rely on expected future high rice prices and must focus on improving competitiveness through increased productivity, lower costs, and improved quality and market segmentation. Overall, the changing structure of Asia's rice economy presents opportunities for greater rice self-sufficiency in West Africa but competitive pressures from Asia will still be important.
Presented at the Pulses for Sustainable Agriculture and Human Health” on 31 May-1 June 2016 at NASC, New Delhi, India. The conference was jointly organised by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS), TCi of Cornell University (TCi-CU) and Agriculture Today.
2. badiane board may13 agriculture and structural transformationIFPRI Africa
This document discusses structural transformation in Africa from economic growth to transformation. It finds that structural change in Africa has been productivity-reducing, with labor moving from underperforming agriculture into oversized, lower-productivity services. This delayed structural transformation and was strongly linked to high poverty levels. The agricultural sector was relatively undersized compared to expectations, while the services sector was oversized. This negative diversification impacted productivity growth. Promoting successful structural transformation will require strategies to boost agricultural productivity and diversify economies through industrialization.
Global Pulse Scenario: Consumption, Production and TradeICARDA
Global pulse consumption is increasing but per capita consumption is declining. Production is around 72 million tons annually from 80 million hectares, with the top five pulses (dry beans, chickpeas, dry peas, cowpeas, and lentils) accounting for about 80% of production. Yields are increasing in developed countries but stagnant in developing countries, where most pulses are grown. Trade in pulses is growing and around 12 million tons annually, with developed countries exporting 65% and developing countries importing 82%. Future outlook predicts global pulse demand to increase by 10-23% by 2030, requiring a doubling of yields or additional area to meet demand.
The future of agriculture in africa - oct19 workshop updated v.3 B.ThierryBenoît THIERRY
prospective presentation 2020-2030-2050 about transformation of agriculture in africa - challenges and opportunities - climate chane - demography - economy
Presented at 2016 International Conference on Pulses for Health Nutrition and Sustainable Agriculture in Dry Lands.
The Conference is from April 18-20, 2016 in Marrakesh, Morocco, and being organized by ICARDA, INRA (Morocco) and IFAD in partnership with FAO, OCP Foundation and CRP Grain Legumes.
Rice production, area, and consumption have increased substantially in sub-Saharan Africa between 2008-2018, however self-sufficiency levels have decreased. While rice area and production grew by 40% and 55% respectively, consumption rose even faster at 81%, leading to a widening gap. Yield growth also slowed after initial increases following the 2008 food crisis. To achieve rice self-sufficiency by 2025, production would need to increase at over 16% annually through increased investments estimated at $2.7 billion under a new investment plan for 10 pilot countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Additional policy measures are also needed such as reducing rice imports and supporting improved technologies, organization of value chains, and market access for producers.
Channing Arndt
COUNTRY WORKSHOP
The Knowledge Lab on Climate Resilient Food Systems: An analytical support facility to achieve the SDGs
Co-Organized by IFPRI and AGRA
FEB 7, 2019 - 08:30 AM TO 05:55 PM EAT
This document is an annual trends and outlook report by IFPRI/Badiane focusing on trade and resilience in Africa. It contains the following key points:
1) It analyzes progress against CAADP growth and budget targets for agriculture at the regional economic community and country levels in Africa.
2) It examines how regional trade can boost resilience in Africa by increasing incomes, stabilizing supply and prices, and diversifying exports.
3) It explores how global trade also enhances resilience in Africa through price stabilization and reduced supply volatility compared to domestic markets.
The rise of medium-scale farms in Africa: Causes and consequences of changing...Francois Stepman
1. Farm size distributions are rapidly changing in Africa, with the number of smallholder farms growing slowly while medium-scale farms between 10-100 hectares are growing quickly, now making up over 40% of farms.
2. Medium-scale farmers are increasingly urban-educated investors using non-farm income to acquire land, aided by rising land and food prices.
3. This is driven by population growth reducing average land sizes combined with speculators and youth seeking alternative livelihoods, straining customary land inheritance systems.
Discovery of Crude Oil in Nigeria; A Blessing or a Cursebolawafadoju
The document discusses how crude oil in Nigeria has had both positive and negative economic, social, and environmental impacts. It has generated substantial revenues but also led to overdependence on oil, neglect of other sectors, pollution, and health issues. While oil brought initial prosperity, it has contributed to poverty, unemployment, and a lack of development in other areas despite Nigeria's significant oil wealth and status as a top oil producer. The future depends on diversifying the economy, supporting other sectors like agriculture, holding government accountable, and properly managing oil resources and revenues for the benefit of all Nigerians.
African Economic Outlook 2015. Nordic dissemination Helsinki.UNU-WIDER
This document provides an outline and summary of the African Economic Outlook 2015 report presented by the UN-WIDER, African Development Bank Group, and Development Research Department. It summarizes that Africa's GDP growth is expected to be 3.7% in 2015 and 4.4% in 2016, driven by agriculture, manufacturing, extractive industries, services, and construction. However, risks to growth include lower commodity prices, pockets of conflict, and currency depreciations. It also discusses Africa's population growth and challenges around job creation, noting the need for innovative, multi-sectoral, and place-based regional development strategies.
Analysing the Dynamics of Change: Using longitudinal, panel and cross section...futureagricultures
This document introduces three types of studies - longitudinal, panel, and cross-sectional - that examine dynamic social, environmental, and technological change over time. It provides examples from the Future Agricultures Consortium's APRA Programme, which uses mixed-methods longitudinal and panel studies to analyze the differential impacts of agricultural commercialization on livelihoods in multiple African countries. Preliminary findings from APRA panel studies in Ghana, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe suggest agricultural commercialization may be reducing income poverty, though the results are early and limited.
The document discusses the importance of rice production in Ethiopia, current trends, and challenges. It notes that rice production has increased significantly but imports have increased even more, decreasing self-sufficiency. While demand is growing, productivity remains low compared to imports. Key challenges include low yields, lack of processing technologies, inadequate market development and human resources. Strengthening research and development partnerships is seen as critical to transforming Ethiopia's rice sector and reducing its reliance on imports to meet demand.
Rice Commercialization and Agrarian Change in the Fogera Plain of Ethiopiafutureagricultures
This document summarizes research on agrarian changes in the Fogera plain of Ethiopia resulting from the commercialization of rice production. Key findings include:
1) The introduction of rice led to shifts in farming systems away from other cereals and livestock toward more commercially viable crops like rice, pulses and vegetables.
2) Increased rice commercialization contributed to land tenure changes including more land sharing, leasing and public land allocation for youth.
3) A rural labor market emerged to meet the labor demands of rice production.
4) Dynamic rural-urban linkages developed as rice processing industries expanded in nearby towns, creating jobs, markets and services.
5) Household consumption patterns changed, with rice replacing
Rice Commercialization and Labor Market Dynamism in Fogera Plain: Trends and ...futureagricultures
Rice production in Ethiopia's Fogera Plain region has increased commercialization and labor market growth. This study assessed the implications of the growing labor market on rice expansion. Key findings showed that rice has become labor-intensive, relying heavily on hired seasonal workers for harvesting and weeding. While the labor market and rice production currently depend on each other, the labor market is projected to decline in coming decades as youth migrate to cities. This would threaten rice commercialization unless labor-saving mechanization technologies are developed and adopted to replace human labor. The study concludes research and extension should focus on promoting rice mechanization solutions to sustain commercial rice production long-term.
Exploring the Dynamics of Agricultural Commercialisation, Diversification and...futureagricultures
The document summarizes findings from the Afrint and APRA programmes, which studied agricultural commercialization in sub-Saharan Africa. Afrint tracked changes in livelihoods of small farmers in six countries from 2002-2013, finding increases in production and commercialization. It also showed increasing inequality, with better-off farmers responding to markets. APRA's preliminary findings from 2017-18 involved over 4,000 households in four countries. It examines outcomes around commercialization, poverty, empowerment, employment, and food security. APRA also analyzes pathways and trajectories of commercialization.
Overview of findings and ongoing research from the APRA Zimbabwe Work Stream 1 team. Focus on the impacts of smallholder tobacco- and maize-led commercialisation in Zimbabwe.
This study examines the dynamics of rice commercialization in Tanzania through a panel study approach. The objectives are to identify drivers of commercialization such as technology adoption, rural electrification, and migration. The study also analyzes the effects of different commercialization options on livelihood outcomes like poverty, food security, and women's empowerment. A stratified random sample of 559 households in eight villages is used. The results show that labor-saving technologies like tractors, herbicide/insecticide, and animal drawn tillage are widely adopted. Commercialization is occurring in response to demand, with area expansion driven by these technologies. Migration is also influencing commercialization patterns. Overall, commercialization options are improving livelihoods, though
1) The survey found that the number and area of medium-scale farms in Nigeria is growing rapidly, with many smallholder farmers graduating to medium-scale farms.
2) Medium-scale farms provide services like renting equipment, purchasing inputs together, and providing extension services that benefit smallholder farms.
3) However, increased acquisition of farmland by medium-scale farms could potentially cause land scarcity issues that displace smallholders or increase land prices, while productivity differences between small and medium-scale farms require further analysis.
The document discusses three models of private sector-led oil palm commercialization in Southwestern Ghana: large-scale buyer model (LSBM), independent model, and mixed model. It analyzes the different types of farmers engaged in each model, the welfare implications for participants, and lessons that can be learned from these models compared to direct state interventions. The study uses surveys conducted in 2017 and 2019 and qualitative interviews to assess indicators like commercialization levels, income, and food security outcomes under the various oil palm commercialization arrangements.
Overview of Lund University's Afrint project. Summary of findings from the project's 2018 publication, 'Agriculture, Diversification, and Gender in Rural Africa'. Publication edited by Agnes Andersson Djurfeldt, Fred Dzanku and Aida Isinika.
Apra mechanisation and corridors in mozambique presentation from conference on Public Policies and Agribusiness organized by the Observatório do Meio Rural (OMR) in Maputo.
The document summarizes the launch event of the Agricultural Policy Research in Africa (APRA) program. APRA is a five-year research program analyzing pathways to agricultural commercialization in Sub-Saharan Africa. It aims to understand the impacts of commercialization on empowering women and girls, reducing poverty and improving food security. The launch event provided an overview of APRA's research methodology, focus countries, and expected outcomes to inform policies promoting equitable agricultural development in Africa.
Corridors:Large-scale infrastructure projects and struggles for landfutureagricultures
The document discusses the Lamu Port South Sudan-Ethiopia Transport (LAPSSET) corridor project in Kenya. It notes that the project aims to open up northern Kenya through infrastructure and promote oil transport. However, it has also led to land struggles as communities demand formal land ownership and face enclosures. The rhetoric of "unused land" overlooks complex local land issues. Anticipation of the project has fueled land disputes and some groups have exploited tensions, with implications for political participation and even extremism in some areas like Lamu. Local responses have complicated simplified narratives and show the state's weakening authority over decentralized implementation.
This document discusses land rights and youth employment in Uganda. It notes that over 93% of land is under customary tenure and civil war has distorted land boundaries, causing conflicts. Youth are seriously affected as land grabbing and wrangles destroy farms. Increased population, unclear boundaries, privatization, and poor allocation due to elder deaths cause issues. As a result, youth interest in agriculture is diminishing, prolonging their dependency as they engage in crime, migration, betting, and socially unacceptable behaviors due to lack of skills and motivation from lack of land access. The document concludes land shortages have greatly impacted youth employment and recommends holistic, multi-level solutions are needed to resolve conflicts.
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إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
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تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
1- مُترجمة ترجمة تُناسب جميع المستويات
2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
#فهم_ماكو_درخ
3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
4- هُنالك بعض المعلومات تم توضيحها بشكل تفصيلي جداً (تُعتبر لدى الطالب أو الطالبة بإنها معلومات مُبهمة ومع ذلك تم توضيح هذهِ المعلومات المُبهمة بشكل تفصيلي جداً
5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
كل التوفيق زملائي وزميلاتي ، زميلكم محمد الذهبي 💊💊
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This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
How Barcodes Can Be Leveraged Within Odoo 17Celine George
In this presentation, we will explore how barcodes can be leveraged within Odoo 17 to streamline our manufacturing processes. We will cover the configuration steps, how to utilize barcodes in different manufacturing scenarios, and the overall benefits of implementing this technology.
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptxEduSkills OECD
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
5. Africa’s dreadful 1970s
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
1962
1964
1966
1968
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
Gross Prodn Food Per Cap Index 1961/63 = 100, 3 year moving av.
Africa
South America
Asia
7. Explaining failure of 70s & 80s
•Geography
•Institutions
Exceptionalism
External: debt and dependency
•Negative protection, urban bias
•Marketing boards, excessive state
Poor policy
8. 'Only to feed her growing population at the present level of per capita food consumption,
Africa would thus need to increase her food production at a rate of, say, 3.2 per cent per year for several decades in succession.
This is of course an impossiblechallenge for her to meet.'
Hostage to fortune, 1990: Africa’s ‘impossible challenge’
10. 60
85
110
135
160
2000 Jan
2001 Jan
2002 Jan
2003 Jan
2004 Jan
2005 Jan
2006 Jan
2007 Jan
2008 Jan
2009 Jan
2010 Jan
2011 Jan
2012 Jan
2013 Jan
2014 Jan
Index deflated by US GDP deflator
Commodity Food and Beverage Price Index, 2005 = 100, includes Food and Beverage Price Indices
Commodity Agricultural Raw Materials Index, 2005 = 100, includes Timber, Cotton, Wool, Rubber, andHides Price Indices
17. -0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
AFRICA
EAST
MIDDLE
NORTH
SOUTH
WEST
Average Annual Growth Rate, %
Africa, Growth Agricultural Production, 1990/11
Ag PIN
Ag PIN per cap
18. -1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Benin
Burkina
Côte d’Ivoire
Ethiopia
Ghana
Malawi
Moz
Nigeria
Senegal
Tanz
AFRICA
Av. Ann. Growth Rate 90/92 to 09/11
Ag PIN
Ag PIN per cap
19. -
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
-
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
Africa
Eastern
Middle
Northern
Southern
Western
Increase, %
Av Value Prodn Cultivated Land, US$/ha, constant 04/06 value
1990/92
2009/11
Increase, %
20. 20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000
Benin
Burkina Faso
Côte d'Ivoire
Ethiopia
Ghana
Malawi
Mozambique
Nigeria
Senegal
Tanzania
Increase, %
Average Value Production Cultivated Land, US$ constant 04/06, per ha
1990/92
2009/11
Increase
21. -
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
-
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
Africa
Eastern
Middle
Northern
Southern
Western
Increase seen 1990/92 to 2009/11, %
Value per EAP Ag, Int$ cont 04/06
Growth of agricultural labour productivity, Africa, 1990/92 to 2009/11
1990/92
2009/11
Change
25. 2. No need for dramatic change
Domestic markets
Gradual change
•Cautious commercialisation
Surprisingly active labour & land markets
Lack of credit hinders, does not stop