Rice production, area, and consumption have increased substantially in sub-Saharan Africa between 2008-2018, however self-sufficiency levels have decreased. While rice area and production grew by 40% and 55% respectively, consumption rose even faster at 81%, leading to a widening gap. Yield growth also slowed after initial increases following the 2008 food crisis. To achieve rice self-sufficiency by 2025, production would need to increase at over 16% annually through increased investments estimated at $2.7 billion under a new investment plan for 10 pilot countries in sub-Saharan Africa. Additional policy measures are also needed such as reducing rice imports and supporting improved technologies, organization of value chains, and market access for producers.
Presented at the High-Level Ministerial (HLM) Conference on Rice Development in Sub-Saharan Africa 25 September 2018
Dakar, Senegal
Presented by Dr Amadou Beye, Seed Specialist,
Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice)
Presented at the High-Level Ministerial (HLM) Conference on Rice Development in Sub-Saharan Africa 25 September 2018
Dakar, Senegal
Abebe Haile-Gabriel
FAO Regional Programme Leader for Africa, RAF
AfricaRice Director General Dr Harold Roy-Macauley made a presentation on “Achieving rice self-sufficiency in Africa,” which served as a basis for an in-depth discussion by a panel of speakers consisting of Mr Ade Adefeko, Vice President and Head of Corporate and Government Relations at Olam-Nigeria; Mr Pieter Grobler, Head of Land Development at Dangote Rice Limited; and Mr Busuyi Okeowo, Deputy Team Leader at Growth & Employment in States (GEMS 4), Nigeria.
The panel discussion was organized as part of the Third Edition of the Agra Innovate West Africa Conference, on 23 November 2016 in Lagos, Nigeria, with support from the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (FMARD) and the Nigeria Agribusiness Group (NABG).
Presentation delivered by Dr. Fentahun Mengistu (Director General of the EIAR, Ethiopia) at Borlaug Summit on Wheat for Food Security. March 25 - 28, 2014, Ciudad Obregon, Mexico.
http://www.borlaug100.org
Presented at the High-Level Ministerial (HLM) Conference on Rice Development in Sub-Saharan Africa 25 September 2018
Dakar, Senegal
Presented by Dr Amadou Beye, Seed Specialist,
Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice)
Presented at the High-Level Ministerial (HLM) Conference on Rice Development in Sub-Saharan Africa 25 September 2018
Dakar, Senegal
Abebe Haile-Gabriel
FAO Regional Programme Leader for Africa, RAF
AfricaRice Director General Dr Harold Roy-Macauley made a presentation on “Achieving rice self-sufficiency in Africa,” which served as a basis for an in-depth discussion by a panel of speakers consisting of Mr Ade Adefeko, Vice President and Head of Corporate and Government Relations at Olam-Nigeria; Mr Pieter Grobler, Head of Land Development at Dangote Rice Limited; and Mr Busuyi Okeowo, Deputy Team Leader at Growth & Employment in States (GEMS 4), Nigeria.
The panel discussion was organized as part of the Third Edition of the Agra Innovate West Africa Conference, on 23 November 2016 in Lagos, Nigeria, with support from the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (FMARD) and the Nigeria Agribusiness Group (NABG).
Presentation delivered by Dr. Fentahun Mengistu (Director General of the EIAR, Ethiopia) at Borlaug Summit on Wheat for Food Security. March 25 - 28, 2014, Ciudad Obregon, Mexico.
http://www.borlaug100.org
Harold Roy-Macauley's presentation on "Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice): A CGIAR research center and pan-African association of member countries" to the World Bank delegation from Côte d'Ivoire led by Mr Pierre Laporte, World Bank Country Director for Côte d'Ivoire, Benin, Burkina Faso, Guinea, and Togo based in Abidjan, visited AfricaRice headquarters on 15 July 2016. The other members of the delegation were Mr Abdoulaye Touré, Lead Agricultural Economist and Task Team Leader of WAAPP-World Bank (Africa Bureau); and Mr Taleb Ould Sid Ahmed, Senior Communications Officer. Mr Hiroshi Hiraoka, Senior Agriculture Economist, AFTA2, World Bank and member of the Coalition for African Rice Development (CARD) Steering Committee also accompanied the delegation.
Presentation by Dr Christian Thierfelder from CIMMYT, at the Regional planning meeting on ‘Scaling-Up Climate-Smart Agricultural Solutions for Cereals and Livestock Farmers in Southern Africa – Building partnership for successful implementation’,13–15 September 2016, Johannesburg, South Africa
AfricaRice Director General Dr Harold Roy-Macauley leading the panel discussion on "Africa Riceing : Mobilizing and applying science and complementary resources to achieve self–sufficiency in rice in Africa." at the 7th Africa Agriculture Science Week and FARA General Assembly, Kigali, Rwanda, on 14 June 2016
3rd Africa Rice Congress
Theme 4: Rice policy for food security through smallholder and agribusiness development
Mini symposium1: Trade policies to boost Africa’s rice sector
Author: Kuku-Shittu
3rd Africa Rice Congress
Theme 4: Rice policy for food security through smallholder and agribusiness development
Mini symposium 3: Socio-economic drivers of change in rice sector development
Author: Demont
Increasing productivity of chickens through the African Chicken Genetic Gains...Hillary Hanson
Scientific and Technical Partnerships in Africa: Technologies, Platforms, and Partnerships in support of the African agricultural science agenda, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire, April 4&5, 2017
Presentation delivered by Dr. Tray Thomas (The Context Network, USA) at Borlaug Summit on Wheat for Food Security. March 25 - 28, 2014, Ciudad Obregon, Mexico.
http://www.borlaug100.org
Harnessing Investments to Transforming Bean Value Chains for Better Incomes a...Hillary Hanson
Scientific and Technical Partnerships in Africa: Technologies, Platforms and Partnerships in support of the African agricultural science agenda, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire, April 4&5, 2017
Postharvest Loss Reduction and Agro-processing in Nigeria: Current Developmen...Lateef Dimeji
Postharvest Loss Reduction and Agro-processing in Nigeria: Current Development and Trends by Professor Lateef Oladimeji Sanni - Deputy Vice Chancellor (Development)
President, International Society for Tropical Root Crops
Country Manager, Cassava: Adding Value for Africa (CAVAII)-2008-2019
Delivering a sustainable rice seed system in a complex institutional settingHillary Hanson
Scientific and Technical Partnerships in Africa: Technologies, Platforms, and Partnerships in support of the African agricultural science agenda, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire, April 4&5, 2017
Application of the principles of Sustainable Intensification (SI) on smallhol...ILRI
Presented by G.J. Manyawu, P. Thorne, S. Moyo, A. Omore, B. Lukuyu, H. Katjiuongua, I. Wright and I. Chakoma at the 9th African Dairy Conference and Exhibition Harare, Zimbabwe, 24-26 September 2013
The year 2016 is United Nations International Year of Pulses. Keeping this the slides present overview of pulses production, consumption and trade in India.
Anchoring Growth: Unleashing the Wonders of African CassavaLateef Dimeji
Anchoring Growth: Unleashing the Wonders of African Cassava
A Keynote by Prof. L. O. Sanni
Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Development)
Country Manager, Cassava: Adding Value for Africa (2008-2019)
President, International Society for Tropical Root Crops
Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (FUNAAB), Nigeria
Presented at the Pulses for Sustainable Agriculture and Human Health” on 31 May-1 June 2016 at NASC, New Delhi, India. The conference was jointly organised by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS), TCi of Cornell University (TCi-CU) and Agriculture Today.
Harold Roy-Macauley's presentation on "Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice): A CGIAR research center and pan-African association of member countries" to the World Bank delegation from Côte d'Ivoire led by Mr Pierre Laporte, World Bank Country Director for Côte d'Ivoire, Benin, Burkina Faso, Guinea, and Togo based in Abidjan, visited AfricaRice headquarters on 15 July 2016. The other members of the delegation were Mr Abdoulaye Touré, Lead Agricultural Economist and Task Team Leader of WAAPP-World Bank (Africa Bureau); and Mr Taleb Ould Sid Ahmed, Senior Communications Officer. Mr Hiroshi Hiraoka, Senior Agriculture Economist, AFTA2, World Bank and member of the Coalition for African Rice Development (CARD) Steering Committee also accompanied the delegation.
Presentation by Dr Christian Thierfelder from CIMMYT, at the Regional planning meeting on ‘Scaling-Up Climate-Smart Agricultural Solutions for Cereals and Livestock Farmers in Southern Africa – Building partnership for successful implementation’,13–15 September 2016, Johannesburg, South Africa
AfricaRice Director General Dr Harold Roy-Macauley leading the panel discussion on "Africa Riceing : Mobilizing and applying science and complementary resources to achieve self–sufficiency in rice in Africa." at the 7th Africa Agriculture Science Week and FARA General Assembly, Kigali, Rwanda, on 14 June 2016
3rd Africa Rice Congress
Theme 4: Rice policy for food security through smallholder and agribusiness development
Mini symposium1: Trade policies to boost Africa’s rice sector
Author: Kuku-Shittu
3rd Africa Rice Congress
Theme 4: Rice policy for food security through smallholder and agribusiness development
Mini symposium 3: Socio-economic drivers of change in rice sector development
Author: Demont
Increasing productivity of chickens through the African Chicken Genetic Gains...Hillary Hanson
Scientific and Technical Partnerships in Africa: Technologies, Platforms, and Partnerships in support of the African agricultural science agenda, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire, April 4&5, 2017
Presentation delivered by Dr. Tray Thomas (The Context Network, USA) at Borlaug Summit on Wheat for Food Security. March 25 - 28, 2014, Ciudad Obregon, Mexico.
http://www.borlaug100.org
Harnessing Investments to Transforming Bean Value Chains for Better Incomes a...Hillary Hanson
Scientific and Technical Partnerships in Africa: Technologies, Platforms and Partnerships in support of the African agricultural science agenda, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire, April 4&5, 2017
Postharvest Loss Reduction and Agro-processing in Nigeria: Current Developmen...Lateef Dimeji
Postharvest Loss Reduction and Agro-processing in Nigeria: Current Development and Trends by Professor Lateef Oladimeji Sanni - Deputy Vice Chancellor (Development)
President, International Society for Tropical Root Crops
Country Manager, Cassava: Adding Value for Africa (CAVAII)-2008-2019
Delivering a sustainable rice seed system in a complex institutional settingHillary Hanson
Scientific and Technical Partnerships in Africa: Technologies, Platforms, and Partnerships in support of the African agricultural science agenda, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire, April 4&5, 2017
Application of the principles of Sustainable Intensification (SI) on smallhol...ILRI
Presented by G.J. Manyawu, P. Thorne, S. Moyo, A. Omore, B. Lukuyu, H. Katjiuongua, I. Wright and I. Chakoma at the 9th African Dairy Conference and Exhibition Harare, Zimbabwe, 24-26 September 2013
The year 2016 is United Nations International Year of Pulses. Keeping this the slides present overview of pulses production, consumption and trade in India.
Anchoring Growth: Unleashing the Wonders of African CassavaLateef Dimeji
Anchoring Growth: Unleashing the Wonders of African Cassava
A Keynote by Prof. L. O. Sanni
Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Development)
Country Manager, Cassava: Adding Value for Africa (2008-2019)
President, International Society for Tropical Root Crops
Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta (FUNAAB), Nigeria
Presented at the Pulses for Sustainable Agriculture and Human Health” on 31 May-1 June 2016 at NASC, New Delhi, India. The conference was jointly organised by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI), National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS), TCi of Cornell University (TCi-CU) and Agriculture Today.
Presented at 2016 International Conference on Pulses for Health Nutrition and Sustainable Agriculture in Dry Lands.
The Conference is from April 18-20, 2016 in Marrakesh, Morocco, and being organized by ICARDA, INRA (Morocco) and IFAD in partnership with FAO, OCP Foundation and CRP Grain Legumes.
The future of agriculture in africa - oct19 workshop updated v.3 B.ThierryBenoît THIERRY
prospective presentation 2020-2030-2050 about transformation of agriculture in africa - challenges and opportunities - climate chane - demography - economy
"Global Trade Patterns, Competitiveness, and Growth Outlook" presented by Antoine Bouet, Senior Research Fellow, Markets, Trade and Institutions Division, IFPRI, at 2014 ReSAKSS Annual Conference, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, October 9, 2014
Presentations from the 1st Kenya Food Systems Conference held last April 5, 2023.
Included are presentations:
- Maize Productivity Growth: Addressing uncertainties and potential for further growth. (Charles Bett, Deputy Institute Director, Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research – Kiboko)
- Agricultural Inputs: Affordability, Availability, and Adoption. (John Olwande, Research Fellow, Tegemeo Institute of Agricultural Policy, and Development)
- Improving Postharvest Management systems: The Social, Economic, and Environmental Gains. (Prof. Jane Ambuko, University of Nairobi)
- Knowledge Transfer: Building capacity through extension and digital services. (Michael Keenan, Associate Research Fellow, IFPRI)
- De-risking agriculture through crop insurance? Insights from an impact evaluation of novel insurance solutions. (Berber Kamer, Senior Research Fellow, IFPRI)
- Options for addressing high food prices and for making food more affordable. (Lilian Kirimi, Senior Research Fellow, Tegemeo)
- Improving food safety. (Prof. Erastus Kang’ethe, Food Safety Consultant)
- Last mile retail: A Look at Mama Mboga and supermarkets. (Christiane Chege, International Center for Tropical Agriculture – CIAT)
- Promoting healthier diets and influencing consumer preferences. (Olivier Ecker, Senior Research Fellow, IFPRI)
- Developments and forecasts for global food, fertilizer, and fuel markets. (David Laborde, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations – FAO)
- Climate-proofing agricultural production and the food system. (Michael Ndegwa, Associate Sceintist, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center – CIMMYT)
- Managing migration and urbanization. ( Dr. Moses Muthinja, Director, Integrated Development, Kenya Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis – KIPPRA)
- Demographic shifts: Leveraging women and youth for food system transformation. ( Prof. Salome Bukachi, Institute of Anthropology, Gender and African Studies, University of Nairobi)
- Recommendations and actions to support the implementation of the Bottom-Up Economic Plan - Summary of Day 1 - (Joseph Maina, MoALD and Joseph Karugia, ILRI/CGIAR)
Why invest in livestock-based options for livelihoods, healthy lives and a su...ILRI
Keynote Address by Modibo Traore (FAO) at the ILRI@40 Conference on livestock-based options for sustainable food and nutritional security, economic well-being and healthy lives, Nairobi, Kenya, 1 October 2014
Harold Roy-Macauley's presentation on "Global research partnership efforts: tackling food and environmental challenges in sub-Saharan Africa" at the Sixth Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD VI) Side Event organized by the World Bank on the “Future of Food in sub-Saharan Africa: Reviewing progress, charting next steps” held in Nairobi, Kenya, 26 August 2016.
Recensement électronique et géo-référence des acteurs de la chaine de valeur riz: cas des pays TAAT
Aminou A. et Aboudou Rachidi
TAAT Rice Compact Launch and Knowledge Sharing Workshop
6 - 7 September 2018
M’be, Bouake
Cote d’Ivoire
Partnerships for efficient quality seed production and variety dissemination
Saidu Bah
Seed & Seed Systems Expert
The Africa Rice Center
TAAT Rice Compact Launch and Knowledge Sharing Workshop
6 - 7 September 2018
M’be, Bouake
Cote d’Ivoire
L’autosuffisance de l’Afrique en riz : opportunités et défis à l’échelledu continent africain by Dr Harold Roy-Macauley, Directeur général, AfricaRice. -- Table ronde, Montpellier, France, 28 septembre 2016 Organisée en marge de la 14ème symposium international sur la génomique fonctionnelle du riz
"Autosuffisance du riz en Côte d‘Ivoire Contribution d’AfricaRice" -- Harold Roy-Macauley's presentation the Ivorian dignitaries who met with the members of the AfricaRice Board of Trustees on 8 Sep 2016 during the 40th Board meeting at AfricaRice headquarters in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.
3rd Africa Rice Congress
Theme 5: Innovation systems and ICT tools for rice value chain
Mini symposium 4: Making science work: building innovation systems
Author: Berlin
3rd Africa Rice Congress
Theme 5: Innovation systems and ICT tools for rice value chain
Mini symposium 4: Making science work: building innovation systems
Author: Defoer
3rd Africa Rice Congress
Theme 5: Innovation systems and ICT tools for rice value chain
Mini symposium 4: Making science work: building innovation systems
Author: Odarteifio
3rd Africa Rice Congress
Theme 5: Innovation systems and ICT tools for rice value chain
Mini symposium 3: Linking rice value-chain actors: diagnostic surveys and multi-stakeholder platforms
Author: Bengaly et al.
3rd Africa Rice Congress
Theme 5: Innovation systems and ICT tools for rice value chain
Mini symposium 3: Linking rice value-chain actors: diagnostic surveys and multi-stakeholder platforms
Author: Dossouhoui
3rd Africa Rice Congress
Theme 5: Innovation systems and ICT tools for rice value chain
Mini symposium 3: Linking rice value-chain actors: diagnostic surveys and multi-stakeholder platforms
Author: Mahyao
3rd Africa Rice Congress
Theme 5: Innovation systems and ICT tools for rice value chain
Mini symposium 2: Rice knowledge management using using ICT tools for rice value chain
Author: Zossou
3rd Africa Rice Congress
Theme 5: Innovation systems and ICT tools for rice value chain
Mini symposium 2: Rice knowledge management using using ICT tools for rice value chain
Author: Kabonyoro
3rd Africa Rice Congress
Theme 5: Innovation systems and ICT tools for rice value chain
Mini symposium 1: Rice knowledge management using traditional media
Author: Nakelse
What is greenhouse gasses and how many gasses are there to affect the Earth.moosaasad1975
What are greenhouse gasses how they affect the earth and its environment what is the future of the environment and earth how the weather and the climate effects.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
Slide 1: Title Slide
Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Slide 2: Introduction to Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Definition: Extrachromosomal inheritance refers to the transmission of genetic material that is not found within the nucleus.
Key Components: Involves genes located in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and plasmids.
Slide 3: Mitochondrial Inheritance
Mitochondria: Organelles responsible for energy production.
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in mitochondria.
Inheritance Pattern: Maternally inherited, meaning it is passed from mothers to all their offspring.
Diseases: Examples include Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) and mitochondrial myopathy.
Slide 4: Chloroplast Inheritance
Chloroplasts: Organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA): Circular DNA molecule found in chloroplasts.
Inheritance Pattern: Often maternally inherited in most plants, but can vary in some species.
Examples: Variegation in plants, where leaf color patterns are determined by chloroplast DNA.
Slide 5: Plasmid Inheritance
Plasmids: Small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria and some eukaryotes.
Features: Can carry antibiotic resistance genes and can be transferred between cells through processes like conjugation.
Significance: Important in biotechnology for gene cloning and genetic engineering.
Slide 6: Mechanisms of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Non-Mendelian Patterns: Do not follow Mendel’s laws of inheritance.
Cytoplasmic Segregation: During cell division, organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts are randomly distributed to daughter cells.
Heteroplasmy: Presence of more than one type of organellar genome within a cell, leading to variation in expression.
Slide 7: Examples of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Four O’clock Plant (Mirabilis jalapa): Shows variegated leaves due to different cpDNA in leaf cells.
Petite Mutants in Yeast: Result from mutations in mitochondrial DNA affecting respiration.
Slide 8: Importance of Extrachromosomal Inheritance
Evolution: Provides insight into the evolution of eukaryotic cells.
Medicine: Understanding mitochondrial inheritance helps in diagnosing and treating mitochondrial diseases.
Agriculture: Chloroplast inheritance can be used in plant breeding and genetic modification.
Slide 9: Recent Research and Advances
Gene Editing: Techniques like CRISPR-Cas9 are being used to edit mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA.
Therapies: Development of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT) for preventing mitochondrial diseases.
Slide 10: Conclusion
Summary: Extrachromosomal inheritance involves the transmission of genetic material outside the nucleus and plays a crucial role in genetics, medicine, and biotechnology.
Future Directions: Continued research and technological advancements hold promise for new treatments and applications.
Slide 11: Questions and Discussion
Invite Audience: Open the floor for any questions or further discussion on the topic.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
1. Rice Trends in Sub-Saharan Africa
(2008-2018)
Compiled by AfricaRice
Presented by Dr Harold Roy-Macauley
Director General, Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice)
High Level Ministerial Conference
Dakar, Senegal, 25 September 2018
2. Outline
1. Introduction
2. Production, area and yield trends
3. Milled rice production and consumption
4. Achievement of self-sufficiency objectives
5. Looking forward
6. Conclusion
3. Introduction
Global food crisis in 2007-2008
• Soaring food prices & riots in sub-Saharan Africa(SSA) in 2008
• Increased awareness for the production of more and better food
Rice is a staple food for about half of the world’s population
and provides 20% of the calories
Rice is consumed by more than 750 million people in SSA
An important dietary energy source and employment
opportunities
Presentation shows rice trends over the last decade in SSA &
progress made in achieving self-sufficiency objectives
4. Rice world market
• Rice world market is volatile
• Rice exports in the world totaled US$ 20.7
billion in 2017 down by an average of
19% from 2013 when it was US$ 25.7
billion
• India is top exporter (31% of the export in
2017-2018)
• Droughts of 2014-15 put a crunch on the
Indian rice market
• Climatic conditions in particular are
affecting the rice production in the major
producing regions of India and may affect
world market rice in the future
• China first world producer imported rice
for US$ 1.5 billion in 2015
3200
3200
4300
7000
11000
13000
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000
Burma
United States
Pakistan
Vietnam
Thailand
India
Main rice exporting countries in the
world in 2018 (1000 tons)
SSA should not continue to rely
on rice importation
5. Rice imports in SSA countries
• Continues to increase
• Increased by 45% from
7.3 Mt to 16 Mt
• Estimated import bill for
2018: US$ 6.4 billion 0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
Rice importation in SSA countries
Rice import in SSA countries
6. Rice area
• Increased by 40% from
8.5 M ha to 11.9 M ha
• 2008-2012: rate of
increase at 24%
• 2012-2016: rate of
increase at 16%
• 2016-2018: remained
constant
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
Area Harvested SSA countries (1000 ha)
7. Rice area per region
West Africa: Growth rate of 52%, from 5.3 M ha to 8 M ha
Central/Southern: Growth rate of 35%, from 0.8 M ha to 1.1 M ha
East Africa: Growth rate of 22%, from 2.4 M ha to 2.9 M ha
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
Rice area harvested per region x 1000 ha
Central &South Africa East Africa West Africa
8. Rice yield
1.80
1.90
2.00
2.10
2.20
2.30
2.40
Yield in Sub-Saharan Africa
Yield in Sub-Saharan Africa countries (t/ha)
• Increased by 7% from 2.05
t/ha to 2.2 t/ha
• Two phased yield trend
1. 2008-2012 (after food crisis):
yield increased by 15% from
2.05 t/ha to 2.37 t/ha
2. 2012-2018: yield decreased by
7% from 2.37 t/ha to 2.22 t/ha
Decrease in yield after the food crisis attributed to policy measures
(government support) that did not sustain yield growth
9. Rice yield per region
• East Africa: highest yield of
2.63 to 2.81 t/ha
• Central and Southern
Africa: lowest yield of 1 to
1.5 t/ha
• West Africa: highest yield
rate increase of 9.5% from
2.42 to 2.65 t/ha
• Central/Southern Africa at
9.1% from 1.10 to 1.20 t/ha
• East Africa by 6.8% from
2.63 to 2.81 t/ha
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
Rice yield in Sub-Saharan
Africa
Central &South Africa East Africa West Africa
10. Rice yield in the world and in SSA
Between 2012-2018
• Increase in yield globally by 2%
• Decrease in yield in SSA by 7%
In 2008
• Difference in global and SSA
yields was 2.18 t/ha with global
yield at 4.23 t/ha and SSA yield at
2.05 t/ha
In 2018
• Difference in global and SSA
yields increased to 2.29 t/ha with
global yield at 4.51 t/ha and SSA
yield at 2.22 t/ha
High yield difference exists between world and SSA yields
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
4.50
5.00
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Yield in Sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and World
Yield in World Yield in Asia Yield in SSA
11. Paddy production
• Production increased by 55%:
from 17.03 Mt in 2008 to
26.31 Mt in 2018
• Increase in production mainly
due to rice area expansion
• Between 2009 & 2012:
steeper slope in production
increase noted: corresponded
to increased rice yield
observed between 2008 &
2012
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
Paddy rice production in Sub-Saharan
Africa
Rough Production in SSA countries
12. Paddy production per region
• West Africa: fastest growth at 73% from 10,424 t to 18,027 t
• Central & Southern Africa: 47%, from 760 t to 1,120 t
• East Africa: 32% from 5,717 t to 7,531 t
Note : Similar trend observed in rice area expansion
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
20000
Paddy rice production in ton
Central &South Africa East Africa West Africa
13. Paddy production in the world
0
100000
200000
300000
400000
500000
600000
700000
800000
Paddy rice production in Sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and World
Paddy production in World Paddy production inAsia Paddy production in SSA
• 2008 – 2018 SSA: Production increased by 55% from 17.03 Mt to 26.31 Mt
• 2008 - 2018 World: production increased by 8% from 602.7 Mt to 650.9 Mt
• 2018 - Asia accounts for 89% of total paddy rice production in the World (650.9
Mt in Asia against 727.9 Mt in the world)
14. Milled rice production vs consumption in SSA
• Consumption increased
faster than production
• Consumption increased
by 81% while production
increased by 55%
• Gap between
consumption and
production has increased
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
Milled rice production and consumption in SSA countries
Milled Production in SSA Consumption in SSA (1000 MT)
15. Rice self-sufficiency in SSA
Rice self-sufficiency decreased from 61% to 52% in SSA countries
between 2008 and 2018
61
56
61
55
57
54
56
57
55
52 52
46
48
50
52
54
56
58
60
62
Self-sufficiency ratio of Sub-Saharan Africa countries
16. Meeting Self-sufficiency per country
• Between 2008 to 2018 no
SSA country has achieved
the self-sufficiency objective
• Three countries (Tanzania,
Madagascar and Mali) have
more than 85% of self-
sufficiency 7
10
17
18
22
22
24
25
30
33
34
39
44
48
50
50
51
55
61
65
67
86
86
92
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Angola
Kenya
Gambia The
Niger
Benin
Togo
Mozambique
Cameroon
Burkina
Liberia
Senegal
Guinea Bisseau
Ghana
Cote d'Ivoire
Rwanda
Mauritania
Congo (RDC)
Nigeria
Sierra Leone
Uganda
Guinea
Mali
Madagascar
Tanzania
Achievment against Self-sufficiency objective
% of
achievement
Number of
countries
Less than 25 7
25-50 7
50-75 7
75-100 3
17. Rice imports in SSA
Nigeria
• Increased rice imports by 71%
• Import share of total rice imports
decreased from 24% in 2008 to
18% in 2018
Senegal
• Increased rice imports by 83%
• Import share of total rice imports
decreased from 9% in 2008 to
7% in 2018
Cote d’Ivoire
• Increased rice imports by 100%
• Import share of total rice imports
decreased from 11% in 2008 to
10% in 2018
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Rice importation-biggest importers (Nigeria, Cote
d'Ivoire and Senegal)
Rice import in SSA countries Nigeria Senegal Cote d'Ivoire
18. Projection toward 2025
• Based on the annual average
growth rate of production over
the last decade at 4.6%, milled
rice production is projected at
23.19 Mt in 2025
• Based on the annual growth
rate of consumption over the
last decade of 6.2%,
consumption is projected at
49.25 Mt in 2025
• To realize rice self-sufficiency
up to 2025 in SSA countries,
production must increase by
an annual growth rate of
16.5%
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
Scenarii of rice production and consumption in
SSA countries (2008 to 2025)
Investment Plan: Milled Production (1000 MT)
Domestic Consumption (1000 MT)
Business as usual: Milled Production (1000 MT)
19. Impact of rice research in SSA
• AfricaRice and its partners have
developed a number of
technological and institutional
innovations in rice value chain
• Improved rice varieties have lifted 8
million people out of poverty and
provided food security to 7.2
million in SSA over the period
2000-2014
• Adoption of improved rice varieties has increased rice yield by at least 320
kg/ha
• Adoption is however low due to mainly awareness and availability
20. Going forward
Rice sector development objectives in SSA
• Major objectives going forward:
Increase rice production
Accelerate self-sufficiency in rice
Increase investments
• Modeling investment requirements: Continental Investment
Plan for accelerating Rice Self-Sufficiency in Africa
(CIPRiSSA)
• Pilot test in 10 countries in SSA (Senegal, Sierra Leone, Côte
d’Ivoire, Ghana, Mali, Nigeria, Cameroon, Uganda, Tanzania,
Madagascar)
21. Annual additional investments for 10 pilot
countries (US$ million)
Total investment needed over 8 years: USD 2754 million
210 214 219 224 229 234 239 244
108 111 114 116 119 122 125 128
318 325 332 340 348 355 364 372
-
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Total non-irrigation Investment (US$ million) Total new irrigation invesment (US$ million)
Total investment (US$million)
Costs(MillionofUS$)
Costs(MillionofUS$)
22. Expected gains from additional investments
Additional milled rice Foreign exchange savings
4.3
3.3
4.1
11.7
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Expected additional
production from rainfed
upland (million t)
Expected additional
production from irigated
(million t)
Expected additional
production from rainfed
lowland (milliont)
Expected additional
production from the 3
ecologies (million t)
334
2,675
0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000
Annual Foreign exchange
savings (US$ million)
Total Foreign exchange
savings (US$ million)
23. Going forward
Additional policy measures
• Reduction of rice importation: needs to be sustained
especially in major rice consumption countries ( Nigeria,
Senegal, Cote d’Ivoire)
• Focusing investment in the following areas of the value
chain: development and use of improved technologies such
as quality seeds, fertilizer, small scale mechanization, and
value addition
• Efficient organization of the rice value chains: develop and
introduce best-fit contract farming; link producers to industries,
markets, banks, insurance; use information technologies
24. Conclusion
1. Between 2008 to 2018 no SSA country has achieved rice self-
sufficiency objective
2. Three countries are very close to the target : Tanzania, Madagascar
& Mali
3. Increase in production and consumption but gap continues to
increase
4. Trends in yield showed that policy measures were not sustained
5. Climate effect on production in big exporting countries may negatively
affect the importation of rice in SSA
6. To realize rice self-sufficiency by 2025, domestic production must
increase at a rate of 16.5% per annum
7. This requires increased investments and strong policy measures