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Properties of Matter 
• Chapter Four: Density and Buoyancy 
• Chapter Five: States of Matter
Chapter Four: 
Density and Buoyancy 
• 4.1 Density 
• 4.2 Buoyancy
Investigation 4A 
Density 
• What is density and how is it measured?
4.1 Density 
• Density describes how much mass is in 
a given volume of a material.
4.1 Density 
• Solids, liquids and 
gases are matter, so 
they all have density.
4.1 Density 
• The units used for 
density depends 
on whether the 
substance is solid 
or liquid. 
– For liquids use 
units of grams per 
milliliter (g/mL) 
– For solids use 
density in units of 
g/cm3 or kg/m3.
4.1 Problem Solving 
• Problem solving is important in all 
careers. 
– Financial analysts are expected to look at 
information about businesses and figure out 
which companies are succeeding. 
– Doctors collect information about patients 
and must figure out what is causing pain or 
an illness. 
– Mechanics gather information about a car 
and have to figure out how to fix the engine.
4.1 Density of common materials 
• Density is a property of material 
independent of quantity or shape.
4.1 Density of common materials 
• Liquids tend to be less 
dense than solids of 
the same material. 
• Water is an exception 
to this rule. 
• The density of solid 
water, or ice, is less 
than the density of 
liquid water.
4.1 Volume 
• Volume is the amount of space an object takes 
up. 
• The volume of a rectangular solid is found by 
multiplying length times width times height.
4.1 Volume 
• Measuring the 
volume of liquids is 
easy. 
• Pour the liquid into a 
marked container 
called a graduated 
cylinder and read 
the volume.
4.1 Displacement 
• You can find the 
volume of an irregular 
shape using a 
technique called 
displacement. 
• Find the volume of an 
irregularly shaped 
object by putting it in 
water and measuring 
the amount of water 
displaced.
4.1 Finding Density 
• To find the density of a 
material, you need to know 
the mass and volume of a 
solid sample of the material. 
1. Mass is measured with a 
balance or scale. 
2. Use the displacement method 
or calculate the volume.
4.1 Finding Density 
• When calculating volume, all of the 
units of length involved in the 
calculation must be the same.
4.1 Why density varies 
Density changes for different substances 
because: 
1. Atoms have different masses. 
2. Atoms may be “packed” tightly or loosely.
Activity 
Will it sink or will it float?

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Ch4 densityandbuoyancysection1

  • 1.
  • 2. Properties of Matter • Chapter Four: Density and Buoyancy • Chapter Five: States of Matter
  • 3. Chapter Four: Density and Buoyancy • 4.1 Density • 4.2 Buoyancy
  • 4. Investigation 4A Density • What is density and how is it measured?
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7. 4.1 Density • Density describes how much mass is in a given volume of a material.
  • 8. 4.1 Density • Solids, liquids and gases are matter, so they all have density.
  • 9. 4.1 Density • The units used for density depends on whether the substance is solid or liquid. – For liquids use units of grams per milliliter (g/mL) – For solids use density in units of g/cm3 or kg/m3.
  • 10.
  • 11. 4.1 Problem Solving • Problem solving is important in all careers. – Financial analysts are expected to look at information about businesses and figure out which companies are succeeding. – Doctors collect information about patients and must figure out what is causing pain or an illness. – Mechanics gather information about a car and have to figure out how to fix the engine.
  • 12.
  • 13. 4.1 Density of common materials • Density is a property of material independent of quantity or shape.
  • 14. 4.1 Density of common materials • Liquids tend to be less dense than solids of the same material. • Water is an exception to this rule. • The density of solid water, or ice, is less than the density of liquid water.
  • 15. 4.1 Volume • Volume is the amount of space an object takes up. • The volume of a rectangular solid is found by multiplying length times width times height.
  • 16. 4.1 Volume • Measuring the volume of liquids is easy. • Pour the liquid into a marked container called a graduated cylinder and read the volume.
  • 17. 4.1 Displacement • You can find the volume of an irregular shape using a technique called displacement. • Find the volume of an irregularly shaped object by putting it in water and measuring the amount of water displaced.
  • 18. 4.1 Finding Density • To find the density of a material, you need to know the mass and volume of a solid sample of the material. 1. Mass is measured with a balance or scale. 2. Use the displacement method or calculate the volume.
  • 19. 4.1 Finding Density • When calculating volume, all of the units of length involved in the calculation must be the same.
  • 20.
  • 21. 4.1 Why density varies Density changes for different substances because: 1. Atoms have different masses. 2. Atoms may be “packed” tightly or loosely.
  • 22. Activity Will it sink or will it float?