The Agricultural Revolution resulted in increased food supply through methods like crop rotation and raising sheep. Many farmers were forced to seek work in cities as landowners enclosed their lands. Inventions like the seed drill, iron plow, cotton gin, and threshing machine mechanized farming and increased crop yields. During the Industrial Revolution, factories using power from water or steam engines housed machines like the spinning jenny and flying shuttle that increased textile production. Entrepreneurs like Richard Arkwright established businesses and sold inventions that drove industrialization.

1. Industrial Revolution

2. Agricultural Revolution
• Farmers developed methods that resulted in
an increased food supply
– Crop rotation – rotating crops so the nutrients in
the land are not depleted.

3. • As more land became available, landowners
raised more sheep
• Sheep’s wool was a cash crop
• Cottage Industries – wool was spun into cloth
in a person’s home

4. • Landowners began to enclose their land to
increase income.
• Many were forced to seek work in the cities

5. Farming Machines
• Seed Drill
– Developed by Jethro Tull
– Placed seeds in rows across a plot of land

7. Jethro Tull

8. • Iron Plow
– Turned the soil more easily and enabled the field
to be plowed more quickly

10. • Cotton Gin
– Developed by Eli Whitney
– Took seeds out of cotton

11. Eli Whitney

12. • Horse Drawn Reaping Machine
– Enabled farmers to cut wheat much more quickly
– Invented by Cyrus McCormick

14. Cyrus McCormick

15. • Threshing machine
– Developed by Andrew Meikle
– Separate the wheat from the husks and stalks
quickly

17. Andrew Meikle

18. • Steam Tractor
– Developed by John Fowler
– It lowered the cost of plowing fields

19. John Fowler

20. Industrial Revolution
• The 18th and 19th centuries
• It began in Great Britain

21. • Factories were created to house the large
machines
• Animals or running water were initially used
for power

22. • Steam engine
– James Watt made significant improvements to it
– Provided consistent and reliable power for the
Industrial Revolution

23. • Flying shuttle
– Enabled workers to weave the strands of cotton
into cloth much more rapidly
– Developed by John Kay

25. John Kay

26. • Spinning Jenny
– Could quickly spin many strands of cotton into
thread
– Developed by James Hargreaves

27. James Hargreaves

28. • Entrepreneurs were people who developed
businesses and sold their inventions
• Richard Arkwright was one of the most
famous entrepreneurs
• He got the government to grant patents

29. Richard Arkwright

30. Factors that Encouraged the Rise of
Industry:
1. Growing population
2. Abundant raw materials
3. Stable government