Problem solving involves consciously directing one's thinking towards a solution. The goal is to solve the problem at hand. There are several methods of problem solving, including trial and error, rote learning of rules, and reasoning through a logical series of steps. When problem solving, one should recognize the problem, define it by collecting facts, select a potential solution, act on it, and evaluate the outcome. As nurses deal with patients' lives, they must follow accurate problem solving by gathering all relevant facts and separating facts from opinions, considering potential biases, finding cause-and-effect relationships, and verifying solutions before finalizing them. Practicing reliable problem solving can improve nursing care and benefit other areas of life.

1. Problem solving Bincy.v.Kuruvilla Tutor, School of Nursing

2. Definition : Consciously directing one’s thinking towards the solution of a problem or a difficulty. It is goal oriented. The goal of problem solving is the solution of the problem which we are facing.

3. Methods of Problem Solving: Trial and error method – Solution is found by stumbling upon the right answer. (slow & time consuming) Rote or Mechanical- Solution is found by a set of rules which we have already learned. ( saves time if only rules fit the situation correctly ) Insight - a person suddenly finds the solution to a problem after thinking about it for some time. Reasoning or critical problem solving- Solve the problem by going through a series of steps & coming up with a meaningful solution.( best method)

4. Steps of Problem Solving Recognizing the problem Defining the problem; collecting the facts Selecting a solution Acting Evaluating the action; verification Choosing another action, if necessary

5. Errors In Reasoning Incorrect facts or data Bias or Prejudice Emotional Functional Fixedness-unable to find solutions beyound those with which you are familiar. Cultural Barriers

6. The Nurse & Problem Solving Nurses should follow accurate problem solving as they deal with live situation & life of patient. Important points to be kept in mind for accurate problem solving are- -Gather as much factual information as possible. -Separate fact & opinion

7. The Nurse & Problem Solving -Be aware of your prejudices & of patient’s. -Find relation between cause &effect. -Separate important from minor details. -form conclusions & solutions slowly. -Find as much solution options as possible. -Listen to all suggestions. Verify before finalising solutions. Keep open mind by questioning self & others.

8. Conclusion : Nursing practice can be improved by an ability to think creatively& use reliable problem solving methods. A nurse can practice good habits of thinking & systematic problem solving in the profession & in all areas of life.

9. Any questions??? Thank you