Cement
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This document discusses cement, including its manufacture and composition. It notes that cement is made by heating limestone and clay at high temperatures which forms calcium silicates and other compounds. The raw materials are finely ground and mixed with water to form a slurry, then heated in a kiln at 1400-1500°C. This process forms cement clinker which is then cooled, ground into a powder, and mixed with gypsum. When cement is mixed with water, it undergoes hydration and hardening reactions that cause it to set and strengthen over time. The main uses of cement are in construction applications like buildings, bridges, and concrete.
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Niir Project Consultancy Services
An ISO 9001:2015 Company
106-E, Kamla Nagar, Opp. Spark Mall,
New Delhi-110007, India.
Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
Tel: +91-11-23843955, 23845654, 23845886, 8800733955
Mobile: +91-9811043595
Website: www.entrepreneurindia.co , www.niir.org
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WHO has given a guideline limitation of less than 1.5 mg/L of fluoride in drinking water.
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Infomatica, as it stands today, is a manifestation of our values, toil, and dedication towards imparting knowledge to the pupils of the society. Visit us: http://www.infomaticaacademy.com/
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Contact us
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An ISO 9001:2015 Company
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Email: npcs.ei@gmail.com , info@entrepreneurindia.co
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Corrosion monitoring.
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Conclusion.
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Fluoride occurs naturally in most water supplies.
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WHO has given a guideline limitation of less than 1.5 mg/L of fluoride in drinking water.
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Similar to Cement
Power point presentation
This document discusses the composition and hydration process of ordinary Portland cement. It begins by outlining the major components of cement and the physical and chemical processes involved in hydration. The key points are:
- Cement is produced by burning limestone, clay, and other materials at high temperatures, forming clinker which is then ground with gypsum.
- The main compounds in cement are tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, and tetracalcium aluminoferrite.
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- Gy
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Infomatica, as it stands today, is a manifestation of our values, toil, and dedication towards imparting knowledge to the pupils of the society. Visit us: http://www.infomaticaacademy.com/
5_2019_03_03!07_22_45_PM.ppt
Engineering Materials
Cement
This document provides an overview of cement, including its classification, raw materials, manufacturing process, chemical reactions during burning and hardening, and special types of cement. The main points are:
- Cement is a binder that sets and hardens, binding other materials together. The principal constituents are calcium and aluminum/silicon compounds.
- Portland cement is the most common type of artificial cement, produced by burning limestone and clay at high temperatures.
- The manufacturing process involves mixing and crushing raw materials, burning in a rotary kiln, grinding the clinkers, and adding gypsum before storage and packaging.
Manufacture of cement - Classification and hydration
Introduction- Classification of cements - Portland Cement
Raw materials of Portland cement - Cement Manufacturing Process - Flow chart of Portland Cement manufacturing process - Cement Manufacturing Video - Mixing and Crushing
Dry Process - Wet Process - Burning Process - View of complete setup - Rotary Klin zones - Chemical Reactions -
Grinding and Packaging - Setting and hardening - Flow chart
Sequence - Chemical Reactions - Special Cement -
Chapter 5_Portland Cement_Lecture 3.pdf
Portland cement is produced by heating limestone and clay at high temperatures. This produces clinker which is then ground with gypsum. The main compounds in Portland cement are tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, and tetracalcium aluminoferrite. When mixed with water, these compounds undergo hydration reactions producing heat and forming hydrates that harden the cement over time. Gypsum is added to retard the initial setting of the cement caused by the rapid reaction of tricalcium aluminate. The proportions of compounds in the cement affect properties like strength, heat generation, and durability.
Cement
The document discusses the manufacturing process of cement. It begins with crushing and mixing of raw materials such as limestone, clay, and iron ore. The raw materials are then heated in a kiln to form clinker. Clinker is ground into a fine powder to produce cement. When mixed with water, cement undergoes chemical reactions that result in hardening over time as it hydrates. The hydration process involves calcium silicates and aluminates reacting with water to form compounds like calcium silicate hydrate and calcium aluminate hydrates.
Cement Manufacturing Process.pptx
Cement is produced through a process that involves grinding raw materials like limestone, clay, and iron ore into a powder and heating them in a kiln to form clinker, which is then ground with gypsum and packaged for use. The major components of cement are tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, and tetracalcium aluminoferrite. There are two main production processes - wet and dry - and the manufacturing involves raw material preparation, clinkerization in a kiln at high temperatures, cement grinding, and packaging. The end products include ordinary Portland cement and specialized varieties.
Cement
I'm Bandita.I have prepared this ppt presentation for my UG project seminar.My purpose of uploading this is that it may be helpful for those who're interested in taking this topic as their seminar topic.Thank you.....
lecture 3 Manufacture of Portland cement.ppt
Portland cement is the most widely used construction material and is made through a process of grinding and burning raw materials like limestone and clay in a kiln. There are different types of Portland cement used for various purposes depending on their chemical composition and properties. The major compounds in cement are tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, and tetracalcium aluminoferrite which influence the rate of hardening, strength development and other characteristics.
Concrete
Concrete Construction: Batching of mixes; casting process, compaction and curing;
requirement of mix design and casting of test cubes – removing cubes from moulds and
curing for strength tests; bar-bending equipments and preparation of reinforcement for
R C C works
1943. lime
Lime is produced from limestone through a process involving excavation, crushing, grinding, and calcination to produce quicklime. Quicklime is then pulverized, slaked by mixing with water to produce slaked lime, and dried. Slaked lime is used to produce lime mortars and plasters. There are different types of kilns used for calcination including intermittent, continuous, rotary, and reactor kilns. Quicklime can be classified based on particle size and chemical composition. When mixed with water, quicklime undergoes hydration, producing heat. Over time, slaked lime hardens through carbonation as it absorbs carbon dioxide from the air.
cement
Cement is a binder that sets and hardens, binding other materials together. There are two main types: hydraulic cement, which sets in the presence of water, and non-hydraulic cement, which requires dry conditions to set. Portland cement is the most common type of hydraulic cement, produced by heating limestone, clay, and other materials in a kiln to form clinker, which is then ground with gypsum. The clinker is composed mainly of calcium silicates, aluminates, and aluminoferrites which give Portland cement its strength and properties.
Cements
Portland cement is produced by heating limestone and clay in a kiln to form clinker, which is then ground with gypsum. It gets its strength from chemical reactions when mixed with water called hydration. The main compounds in cement are tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate, and tetracalcium aluminoferrite. When water is added, these compounds hydrate and harden to bind the cement over time. The grade of cement corresponds to its minimum compressive strength after specific time periods of curing.
Hydration of cement
Hydration is the chemical reaction between cement and water that forms bonds and results in a solid mass. The main compounds in cement - C3S, C2S, C3A, and C4AF - hydrate to form calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H gel), calcium hydroxide, and calcium aluminate hydrates. Hydration is affected by factors like composition, fineness, water-cement ratio, and curing temperature. Special cements include acid-resistant, blast furnace, expanding, colored, high alumina, hydrophobic, low heat, and oil well cements used for their properties.
Hydration of cement
Hydration is the chemical reaction between cement and water that forms bonds and results in a solid mass. The main compounds in cement - C3S, C2S, C3A, and C4AF - hydrate to form calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H gel), calcium hydroxide, and calcium aluminate hydrates. Hydration is affected by factors like composition, fineness, water-cement ratio, and curing temperature. Special cements include acid-resistant, blast furnace, expanding, colored, high alumina, hydrophobic, low heat, and oil well cements used for their properties.
6982.engineering materials modified
Engineering materials include cementing materials, lime, cement, gypsum plasters, ceramics, glass, clay products, refractories, abrasives, composites, adhesives, lubricants, rocket fuels, and insulators. Their properties and applications depend on their chemical, electrical, mechanical, optical, physical, thermal, and technological characteristics. Common engineering materials are discussed, including their composition, manufacturing processes, properties, and uses.
Cement.pptx
Cement is made from limestone, clay, and iron oxide that are heated together in a kiln. This causes chemical reactions that produce calcium silicates and other compounds. The main ingredients are lime, silica, alumina, and iron oxide. When mixed with water, cement forms a paste that hardens over time due to chemical reactions between the ingredients. There are different types of cement used for various purposes, such as white cement which is made without iron oxide to produce a lighter color, or pozzolan cement which contains additional fly ash to reduce costs.
.Cement.
This presentation discusses cement industries and the process of cement manufacturing. It begins by defining Portland cement as a powdered material that hardens when mixed with water. There are various types of Portland cement depending on setting rate and strength. The manufacturing process involves mining limestone and clay as raw materials, grinding them, heating the mixture in a kiln to form clinker, and grinding the clinker with gypsum. The reactions that occur in the kiln form the key compounds that provide strength. Cement is an important building material used in construction of structures like roads, buildings and bridges.
Cement industry
Cement is produced through a chemical process involving the heating of limestone and clay in a kiln. This process yields calcium oxide and other compounds that are then combined and ground into a fine powder known as clinker. Gypsum is added to the clinker to control the setting properties of the final cement product. There are two main production methods - the dry process, which pulverizes limestone and clay into a powder before heating, and the wet process, which forms a slurry of limestone and clay that is filtered before decomposition in the kiln. The largest cement producers globally are China, which accounts for around 60% of world production, and India, the second largest producer.
Introducción al cemento y el concreto .ppt
Concrete is the most widely used man-made material, with around 1 m3 produced per person each year globally. It is an artificial stone made from a mixture of aggregates, water, and cement. The cement acts as a binder when hydrated, gluing the aggregates together and filling voids to produce a dense, strong material. A typical concrete mixture consists of 70% aggregates, 18% water, 9% cement, and 2% air, with the water-cement ratio carefully controlled to ensure proper hydration and strength development.
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Manufacture of cement - Classification and hydration
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Cement
- 1. CEMENT Dr.Bincy Joseph Assistant Professor Dept.of chemistry St. Mary's college Thrissur
- 2. CEMENT Cement or Portland cement is a fine grey powder consisting of calcium silicate and aluminate that hardens under water.
- 3. Manufacture of cement Raw materials Limestone – calcium carbonate,CaCO3 Clay - rich in silica and alumina and containing some Fe2O3
- 4. Manufacture of cement Finely powdered limestone mixed with finely powdered clay Made into a slurry in water Raw slurry heated at 1400-1500oC in steel rotary kiln Dehydration occurs High temperature form CaO, decomposition of CaCO3
- 5. Manufacture of cement CaO combines with silica & alumina of clay ,give a mixture of silicates, aluminates & aluminoferrites. CaCO3 → CaO + CO2 2CaO + SiO2 → (2CaO).SiO2 (dicalcium silicate) 3CaO + SiO2 → (3CaO).SiO2 (tricalcium silicate) 3CaO + Al2O3 → (3CaO).Al2O3 (tricalcium aluminate) (3CaO).Al2O3 + CaO + Fe2O3 → (4CaO).Al2O3. Fe2O3 (tetracalcium aluminoferrite)
- 6. Manufacture of cement Cement clinker, form of marble sized lumps having greenish - black colour. Clinker from the kiln ,cooled to 150oC by circulating cold air Then it is mixed with 2-3% gypsum(CaSO4.2H2O),ground to a fine powder. Gypsum act as retardant of quick initial setting of cement Portland cement
- 7. Composition of Portland cement 10-20 % dicalcium silicate (2CaO).SiO2 50-70% tricalcium silicate (3CaO).SiO2 5-10% tricalcium aluminate (3CaO).Al2O3 3-8 % tetracalcium aluminoferrite (4CaO).Al2O3. Fe2O3
- 8. Composition of Portland cement CaO = 50 - 60% SiO2 = 20-25% Al2O3 = 5-10% MgO = 2-3% Fe2O3 = 1-2% SO3 = 1-2 %
- 9. Setting of cement The plastic mass obtained when cement is mixed with water becomes stiff and hard due to the precipitation of colloid gels formed by the hydration and hydrolysis of cement constituents, the process is called setting. The constituents lose water and change into interlocking crystalline products by the rupture of the gel coatings ,the process is called hardening.
- 10. Setting of cement-Reactions Hydration of tricalcium aluminate - 3CaO .Al2O3 + 6H2O → 3CaO .Al2O3 .6H2O Hydrated gel of tricalcium aluminate Hydrolysis of tricalcium silicate – 3CaO.SiO2 + H2O → Ca(OH)2 + 2CaO .SiO2 Dicalcium silicate Ca(OH)2 binds the calcium silicate particles together
- 11. Setting of cement-Reactions Hydration 2CaO.SiO2 + xH2O → 2CaO.SiO2. xH2O Hydrated gel of dicalcium silicate Partial hydrolysis 3CaO.Al2O3 + 6H2O → 2Ca(OH)2 + 2Al(OH)2 Al(OH)2 fills all the interstices in the cement, sealing all the pores, making the mass leak proof.
- 12. Setting of cement-Reactions Hydration 4CaO.Al2O3. Fe2O3+ 6H2O → 3CaO.Al2O3 .6H2O+ CaO. Fe2O3 Addition of gypsum 3CaO.Al2O3 + 3CaSO4.2H2O → 3CaO.CaSO4.Al2O3.6H2O Calcium sulphoaluminate Calcium sulphoaluminate does not have the property of quick hydration, increases setting time & improves the strength. The hydrated salts formed lose water slowly ,by evaporation, sets to a hardened mass.
- 13. Uses of cement Construction of bridges, dams, buildings, plastering of walls. Used to make concrete & reinforced concrete.
- 14. THANK YOU