The document defines and describes the basic parts of a cell including the cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, chloroplasts, mitochondria, and ribosomes. It distinguishes between prokaryotic cells, which lack membrane-bound structures, and eukaryotic cells, which contain organelles like the nucleus. The cell theory is described as the idea that all organisms are made up of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and new cells are produced from existing cells.

1. PARTS
OF A CELL

2. Chapter 2 – Section 1
1. cell – the smallest unit of an organism that can
carry on life functions
2. cell membrane – protective outer covering of all
cells that regulates the interaction between the
cell and the environment
3. cytoplasm - gel-like mixture inside the cell
membrane that contains hereditary material; the
location of most of the cell’s life processes

3. 4. prokaryotic cells – cells
without membrane-bound
structures
5. eukaryotic cells – cells
with membrane-bound
structures

4. 6. cell wall – tough structure that encloses, supports,
and protects the cell and gives it shape
7. organelle – structure in the cytoplasm
of a eukaryotic cell that acts
as a storage site, process
energy, move materials,
or manufacture substances
(basically, parts of a cell
found in the gel!)

5. 8. nucleus – organelle that controls all the activities
of a cell and contains hereditary material

6. 9. chloroplasts – the chlorophyll-containing
organelle in a plant cell that uses light energy to
produce sugar from carbon dioxide and water
- chlorophyll is the green pigment that
captures light energy in a plant

7. 10. mitochondria – cell
organelles that break down
food and release energy
11. ribosomes – small
structures on which cells
make their own protein
12. endoplasmic reticulum –
organelle that moves materials
around in a cell

8. 13. Golgi bodies – package
cellular materials and transport
them within the cell or
out of the cell
14. lysosomes - organelles
containing a large range of
digestive enzymes used primarily
for digestion and removal of
excess or worn-out organelles

9. 15. tissue – a group of similar cells that work
together to do one job
16. organ – a structure made up of two or more
different types of tissues;
- an organ system is a group of organs that
work together to perform a certain task
17. organism – any living thing

10. organism =>

12. Cell Theory
Cell theory states that:
- All organisms are made up of one or more cells
- The cell is the basic unit of life
- All cells come from other cells

13. READ pages 38 and 39
ANSWER IN COMPLETE SENTENCES
1. In your own words, explain why cells come in all
shapes and sizes.
2. Look at the pictures at the top of page 39.
DESCRIBE the differences you see in a prokaryotic
cell and a eukaryotic cell.
- EXPLAIN why the eukaryotic cell is more
complex than the prokaryotic cell.
3. What 5 jobs are your cells doing all the time?