A
PROJECT REPORT
On
CISCO CERTIFIED NETWORK ASSOCIATE
A computer network, or simply a network, is a collection of computer and other hardware components interconnected by communication channels that allow sharing of resources and information. Where at least one process in one device is able to send/receive data to/from at least one process residing in a remote device, then the two devices are said to be in a network. Simply, more than one computer interconnected through a communication medium for information interchange is called a computer network.
CCNA ppt designed on project remote connectivity using frame relay, and many more... best for project purpose. anyone want project will also contact me..
CCNA is associate level career certification. It is an International certification course. Which is helpful to improve your career path in networking field. It gives lot of opportunity for Engineers and lots of opportunity having lots of job.
But now in these days,
This International course is offered by SMS Institute of Technology, Lucknow
So ,
There is no need to go anywhere for the training on CCNA Course Certification during summer Training.
I want to give this information because lots of people think about this course. But they have no any other way like - going to the training institute that offers CCNA Training But they give the certification on Own training Institute That is invalid Because CCNA is a International course Certification and these certificate are come on the email Id.
But Now this course Certification offers by SMS Institute of Technology But the certificate are valid through out the world.
Learn more at blog : --
https://solutionbyexpert.blogspot.com/2020/08/become-expert-secret-of-success-ii.html
#coding
#coding development skill program
#java
A
PROJECT REPORT
On
CISCO CERTIFIED NETWORK ASSOCIATE
A computer network, or simply a network, is a collection of computer and other hardware components interconnected by communication channels that allow sharing of resources and information. Where at least one process in one device is able to send/receive data to/from at least one process residing in a remote device, then the two devices are said to be in a network. Simply, more than one computer interconnected through a communication medium for information interchange is called a computer network.
CCNA ppt designed on project remote connectivity using frame relay, and many more... best for project purpose. anyone want project will also contact me..
CCNA is associate level career certification. It is an International certification course. Which is helpful to improve your career path in networking field. It gives lot of opportunity for Engineers and lots of opportunity having lots of job.
But now in these days,
This International course is offered by SMS Institute of Technology, Lucknow
So ,
There is no need to go anywhere for the training on CCNA Course Certification during summer Training.
I want to give this information because lots of people think about this course. But they have no any other way like - going to the training institute that offers CCNA Training But they give the certification on Own training Institute That is invalid Because CCNA is a International course Certification and these certificate are come on the email Id.
But Now this course Certification offers by SMS Institute of Technology But the certificate are valid through out the world.
Learn more at blog : --
https://solutionbyexpert.blogspot.com/2020/08/become-expert-secret-of-success-ii.html
#coding
#coding development skill program
#java
A PROJECT REPORT
On
CISCO CERTIFIED NETWORK ASSOCIATE
A computer network, or simply a network, is a collection of computer and other hardware components interconnected by communication channels that allow sharing of resources and information. Where at least one process in one device is able to send/receive data to/from at least one process residing in a remote device, then the two devices are said to be in a network. Simply, more than one computer interconnected through a communication medium for information interchange is called a computer network.
he Associate level of Cisco Certifications can begin directly with CCNA for network installation, operations and troubleshooting or CCDA for network design. Think of the Associate Level as the foundation level of networking certification.
CCNA certification is a cornerstone of many IT careers. This book is a comprehensive study guide for the CCNA Intro, CCNA ICND, and CCNA Certification exams. Its target audience is a high school student, a first-year community college or any adult wanting to understand networking better.
CCNA Routing Fundamentals - EIGRP, OSPF and RIPsushmil123
- Basics of Routing
- Static Routing/Dynamic Routing
- Classification of Dynamic Routing
- Administrative Distance and Metric
- Link State Routing and Distance Vector Routing
- Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
- Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP)
- Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
cintains basic modes of router ,sub-modes , set line/login password in ccna, how to assign ip address, configure telnet , break router password ,.. etc
A PROJECT REPORT
On
CISCO CERTIFIED NETWORK ASSOCIATE
A computer network, or simply a network, is a collection of computer and other hardware components interconnected by communication channels that allow sharing of resources and information. Where at least one process in one device is able to send/receive data to/from at least one process residing in a remote device, then the two devices are said to be in a network. Simply, more than one computer interconnected through a communication medium for information interchange is called a computer network.
he Associate level of Cisco Certifications can begin directly with CCNA for network installation, operations and troubleshooting or CCDA for network design. Think of the Associate Level as the foundation level of networking certification.
CCNA certification is a cornerstone of many IT careers. This book is a comprehensive study guide for the CCNA Intro, CCNA ICND, and CCNA Certification exams. Its target audience is a high school student, a first-year community college or any adult wanting to understand networking better.
CCNA Routing Fundamentals - EIGRP, OSPF and RIPsushmil123
- Basics of Routing
- Static Routing/Dynamic Routing
- Classification of Dynamic Routing
- Administrative Distance and Metric
- Link State Routing and Distance Vector Routing
- Routing Information Protocol (RIP)
- Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP)
- Open Shortest Path First (OSPF)
cintains basic modes of router ,sub-modes , set line/login password in ccna, how to assign ip address, configure telnet , break router password ,.. etc
CCNA Routing and Switching IT CertificationsMuhammad Qasim
Cisco CCNA Routing and Switching certification program provides the education and training required for installing, monitoring, and troubleshooting network infrastructure products designed by the industry leader in IP networking.
Cisco CCNA Training/Exam Tips that are helpful for your Certification Exam!
To be Cisco Certified please Check out:
http://asmed.com/information-technology-it/
This presentation is about the introduction to network switch layer technology. A network switch is a device tha is used to connect different segments over the network.This ppt includes introduction to switch,types of switches or layer specification,advantages and disadvantages of switch..
I hope it will be very helpful for the engineering students and the others who are interested to search in deep about network switch.
EIGRP is a cisco proprietary, Advance distance vector, classless Interior gateway routing protocol.
Released in-1994.
It works on Network Layer of OSI Model.
It use the IP protocol no 88. (It doesn’t use TCP or UDP)
EIGRP AD – 90
Eigrp External routes AD – 170
EIGRP has a maximum hop-count of 224, though the default maximum hop-count is set to 100
networking and their Routing protocols with commands along with diagram ,(rip, IGRP and OSPF and BGP ) and knowledge about Network devices like Router and Switch. network define and definitions of Lan, router and all the routing protocols and their features.
This tutorial gives very good understanding on CCNA Dynamic Routing Protocols.After completing this tutorial,You will find yourself at a moderate level of expertise in knowing Advance Networking(CCNA)
Introduction to the Network Layer: Network layer services, packet switching, network layer performance, IPv4 addressing, forwarding of IP packets, Internet Protocol, ICMPv4, Mobile IP Unicast Routing: Introduction, routing algorithms, unicast routing protocols. Next generation IP: IPv6 addressing, IPv6 protocol, ICMPv6 protocol, transition from IPv4 to IPv6. Introduction to the Transport Layer: Introduction, Transport layer protocols (Simple protocol, Stop-and-wait protocol, Go-Back-n protocol, Selective repeat protocol, Bidirectional protocols), Transport layer services, User datagram protocol, Transmission control protocol
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (IJCER) is dedicated to protecting personal information and will make every reasonable effort to handle collected information appropriately. All information collected, as well as related requests, will be handled as carefully and efficiently as possible in accordance with IJCER standards for integrity and objectivity.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
2. Device of CCNA
1) Switch –
layer 2 switch is non manageable(plug -play)
Layer 3 – switch is manageable we can create
VLAN .
90 % hold of CISCO on manageable switch .
3. COMPANY OF DEVICES
1. D - LINK - router , switch, ADSL .
2. NET GEAR – router.
3. IP – LINK - router .
4. 3 COM – switch, router, access point .
5. DELL – switch .
6. IBM – software, hardware
7. JUNIPER – router, switch, software .
8. HUBJONE - hub .
4. Router – it is work on LAN & WAN .
70 % hold of CISCO on wan .
Other device
access point
WIFI router
IP phone
It is a 1 % hold in CISCO
CISCO OS & IOS IS software IOS in 0,1 form
16 bit of operating system It is define by
WILLIAN YEAGER in 1998.
5. Field of CISCO
CCNA – VOIP ,r/s ,wireless , security
CCNP - r/s - routing , switching troubleshoot ,Security ,CCDP ,
CCVOIP, wireless
VOIP –voice over internet protocol .
It is telephone connection on internet .
data is send in digital .
it is a for delivery of voice communication on internet .
Wireless - it is a wire less connection without wire
CCDP – CISCO certified design professional
CCVOIP – call center voice internet protocol
6. Protocol
Protocol is 16 bit
Protocol are the way which used to perform the
communication ,
They are responsible for end to end communication .
They are called set of rules or instruction
Protocol is small piece of software .
Device used no. of protocols to perform the
communication .
7. Five category of protocol
Communication protocol - it is used to communicate
end to end .
1. TCP/IP, UDP/IP, SPX , IPX
2. open standard private
3. route able non-route able
4. LANN,WAN only LAN
ROUTING PROTOCOL – it is used to define path to
reaches the destination .
RIP EIGRP IGRP OSPF ISIS
ROUTED PROTOCOL – it is used to define source &
destination .
IP IPX
TRANNSPORT PROTOCOL – it is used to carry the
routed protocol information .
8. Application protocol – it is used to increase reliably
performance & security .
HTTP ,POP ,TELNET, TFTP, FTP, DNS, DHCP,
SMTP, SSH , IMAP
HTTP – hyper text transfer protocol. It is a use
access web page . Port no.80
POP – post office protocol . It is keep the track of
mails on outlook only . Not on gmail . Port no. 110
TELNET - it is used to access to remote computer
.port no. 23
9. FTP – file transmit protocol .
it is used to transmit file on TCP/IP .
When FTP client is request to FTP server then
establish TCP connection server port no. 21 .
TFTP – trivial file transport protocol . It is a
transfer small amounts data .
port no.69 .
DNS – domain name system . It is provide
domain name to IP . port no. 53 .
10. DHCP – dynamic host configuration protocol .
it is provide automatically IP to host .
UDP Port no. 67 of server & UDP port no. 68 of
client .
DHCP is work with DORA process
D - discovery
O – offer
R - request
A – acknowledge
IMAP – internet message access protocol . It is
used to keep track of mails on both gmail & outlook
. Port no. 143 .
11. SMTP – send mail transport protocol . It is used to
send mail to remote computer . Port no. 25
SSH – secure shell . It is used to access to
remote computer with strong authentication &
secure data communication b/w two computer
over an secure network . Port no. 22 .
12. Communication protocol
TCP - transmission control protocol .
It is connection oriented .
Reliable & manage control flow .
Data travel in sequence .
port no. 6
In which data retransmit
In which protocol FTP, TELNT,
SMTP, DNS, HTTP, POP,
for example gmail .
UDP – user datagram protocol .
It is a connectionless .
data travel not in sequence .
Port no. 17
In which data not retransmit .
In which protocol DNS, BOOTP,
DHCP, TFTP,
SNMP, RIP, early version .
For example – television .
13. SPX – it is sequence packet exchange
SPX is protocol for handling packet sequencing
in a novel net ware network .
It is send packet with IPX.
IPX – internet protocol exchange .
It is a internet protocol from novel .
It is used to interconnect to internet for exchange
packet .
15. o when we want to connect two or more network using different
network address then we have to use IP routing technique .
o Router will be used to perform routing b/w different network .
routing
17. Routing update – manual
infrastructure – small network
Flexible - no
Administrative over hand - high
Control - more
Dynamic routing
Routing update – automatic
infrastructure - large network
Flexible - yes
Administrative over hand - low
Control - less
Static routing
18. It is a define the packet forwarding rule to use when no
specific route can be determined. For a given internet
protocol.
It is used when we are not use protocol .then use default
routing
Default routing
20. Distance vector – it is distance vector routing protocol .
It is find the best path to remote network by judging a distance .
Vector indicate direction to the remote network .
They send the entire routing table to directly connected neighbors.
The route with the least no. of hops to network is determine to be the best route .
Hop account is 15 .
Ad – administrative distance . Lowest ad is used for select the best path when
two or more different route to the same distance from different protocol .
For example – RIP ,IGRP
21. Routing information protocol is a distance routing protocol .
Rip takes the metric .
RIP send out the full routing table every periodic update .
In IP v6 RIP is called as RIPING .
RIP router transmitted full updates every 30 sec.
Rip used UDP port no.520
Update 30 sec
Invalid 180 sec , 180-30 = 150
Rip routing protocol
22. It Class full routing - It classless routing
It not support VLSM - It support VLSM
It support contiguous - It not support contiguous
That do not send subnet - That send subnet mask
mask information . information in the
in the routing update - routing update
All device in the must use - It not use same subnet
same subnet mask mask
RIP V1 VS RIP V2
23. It known as shortest path .
It is OSPF and open standard
Route create three table
Neighbor table – keep track of directly attached neighbors
Topology table – in which each information about best path of entire
network
Routing table - it track of best path of route of source to destination
It is a multicast update.
224.0.0.5 - BDR
224.0.0.6 - DR
Link state protocol
24. Metric bandwidth
Unlimited hop count
Equal path cost load balancing – 4 path
Support authentication
Process id 65535
IP protocol
Port no. 89
Ad no.110
Type of router –
Backbone router – when router in area 0
ABR ROUTER - area border router . When it b/w area 1 and area
2 .
ASBR ROUTER - autonomous system border router . When
connected two different protocol . OSPF and RIP .
25. Router id - it is
manually specified .
When not manually specified , than the highest IP address
configure on any loopback interface on router will become
the router id .
If not loopback interface exit . Then highest IP configure on
any physical interface will become the router id .
DR AND BDR
DR - it designated router . Selected one main router for
control to full area .
BDR – backup designated router . Selected other main
router . when down link of DR .
26. First the look at router priority .
By default router priority is one .
We can change it If we need .
If router priority is same .
OSPF will look at highest router id for DR and BDR election .
if we set router is 0 , that router will not participate in
DR/BDR election .
DR and BDR election
27. EIGRP –enhanced interior routing protocol .
It is combination of distance vector & link state protocol .
Ad no. 90. port no. 88
EIGRP metric – bandwidth , delay , load , reliability to determine the best path but by
default metric bandwidth & delay .
classless routing protocol .
Support VLSM & subnetting .
Multicast 224.0.0.10
Manual route summarization 5
Hop count by default is 100
Hybrid protocol
28. Neighbor discovery –
it is used for to know the presence of the neighboring router .
Hello messages – send hello messages to connected router after 5 sec. with
IP 224.0.0.10 .
when receive the messages check Parameter
1. pass the authentication process
2 Same autonomous system no.
3 Potential neighbor – must be in the same subnet mask.
4 EIGRP k value – must
match .
29. • Neighbor table- keep
information of neighbor
table
• Topology table - keep
information of best path
Of neighbor table
• Routing table – keep
information of best path
Of source to destination
Table of EIGRP protocol
30. Send update messages
Full update - EIGRP once time send messages full update
Partial update – when in feature down link or add new subnet then
send partial update .
Than EIGRP use multicast address for multiple router .
EIGRP use UNICAST address for one router .
Than for this work ,EIGRP have itself protocol RTP
For when receiver not receive packet than again send 16 packet .
Topology exchange
31. Simplicity – EIGRP do the work with simplicity
Backup route – EIGRP is keep best path as well as backup
path .
Fast convergence – when fail the router or network then
EIGRP is find out another path .
Summarization – you can summarization on any router .
Load balancing & unequal cost
Support multiple protocol – routed protocol . IP , apple talk
FEATURE
32. EIGRP use DUAL for selecting and maintaining the best
path to reach the remote network or destination .
This algorithm allow for the follow .
Support of VLSM .
Back up route recoveries .
Queries for an alternate route if no route can be found .
Diffusing update algorithm
33. Summarization – it is help in reducing the size of the
router table .it is MD 5 .
ACTIVE – when successors is not present or find out
feasible successors .
PASSIVE – when successors or feasible successor is
present .
Successors – it is main router . Which connect to
neighbor router .
Feasible successor - it is a neighbor router . Which
connect to main router .
34. 1) HELLO – EIGRP use hello packets sent to neighbor router
.
EIGRP route send to the multicast IP address 224.0.0.10 .
2) update packet – it is used when a router discover a new
neighbor , otherwise when topology change occur using
partial update .
An EIGRP router send unicast update packet to that new
neighbor .
3) Acknowledgment packet - an EIGRP router use
acknowledgment packet to indicate provide
acknowledgment of discover message
Packet of EIGRP
35. 4) query packet – an EIGRP router use query packet whenever
it need specific information from one or all of its neighbors .
5) reply packet – it is used to respond to a query . If an EIGRP
router lose its successor and cannot find a feasible successor
for a route .
Autonomous system – it is a collection of network under a
common administrative domain , which basically mean
that all router sharing the same routing table information
are in the same Ad.
As no.- 1 to 65535 total . 64152 to 64535
1 to 64151 public . private