This document provides an overview of managing a Cisco network. It discusses CCNA certification which validates skills in installing, configuring, operating and troubleshooting switched and routed networks. It also covers topics like internetworking which connects different networks, IP addressing classes, subnetting to increase networks, routing protocols like RIP, EIGRP, OSPF, switching, VLANs, interVLAN routing, and STP to prevent network loops.

1. PRESENTED BY:-
Nishant Goel
B.TECH (cs)
1
MANAGING A CISCO NETWORK

2. WHAT IS CCNA?
• CCNA is an entry-level certification for the
Cisco certified professional program.
• It validates the ability to install, configure,
operate and troubleshoot switched and
routed networks.
• Its curriculum includes IP, RIP, EIGRP, OSPF,
VLAN, Frame Relay and ACL.
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3. INTERNETWORKING
• It is the practice of connecting hosts of two different
network via gateways.
• Two or more connected LANs that can pass data and
share resources.
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NETWORK
It is the practice of linking two or more computing
devices for the purpose of sharing data.

4. NETWORK DEVICES
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Connect
dissimilar LANs on
the same
protocol
Connect similarLANs withdissimilarmedia
Connect a no.
of ethernet
cables from
various
devices
together
Forward data between
two parts of a network

5. IP ADDRESSING
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Two types --
IPv4
IPv6

6. CLASSES
• Class A 1 - 126 126 16 million
(N.H.H.H)
• Class B 128 – 191 16,344 6500
(N.N.H.H)
• Class C 192 – 223 2,097,152 254
(N.N.N.H)
• Class D 224 - 239 Reserved for multicast groups.
• Class E 240 - 254 Reserved for future use, or Research
and Development Purposes.
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CLASSES RANGE NO. OF NETWORKS NO. OF HOSTS

7. Types of IP address
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Public Private
Range of private IP address:-
Class A --- 10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255
Class B --- 172.16.0.0 – 172.31.255.255
Class C --- 192.168.0.0 – 192.168.255.255

8. SUBNETTING
• SUBNET MASK:-
No. of bits of host and network
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9. Analogy
• It is the same as taking a barrel of 100
apples and dividing it into 10 barrels of 10
apples each.
9
10
10
10
1010
10
10
10
10
10
10 barrels x 10 apples = 100 apples
100 Apples (10 * 10)

10. Cont…
• Borrow host bit for subnetting
• Subnet only network ID.
• Increases the no. of network from one IP address
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CLASSLESS
(VLSM)CLASSFULL

11. Example of classful subnetting
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Total no. of hosts : 2^4 = 16
Total no. of networks : 2^4 = 16 SUBNET MASK: 255.255.255.240
N/W ID FIRST ID LAST ID BROADCAST ID
192.168.10.0 192.168.10.1 192.168.10.14 192.168.10.15
192.168.10.16 192.168.10.17 192.168.10.30 192.168.10.31
…. …. …. ….
192.168.10.240 192.168.10.241 192.168.10.254 192.168.10.255

12. Classless subnetting
VLSM(VARIABLE LENGTH SUBNET MASK)
• Focuses on needs of hosts.
• Subnetting of subnet is done.
• Wastage of IP address is reduced.
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CIDR
(CLASSLESS
INTER
DOMAIN
ROUTING)

13. Subnet Example
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Network address 172.16.0.0 with /16 network mask
Using Subnets: subnet mask 255.255.255.0 or /24
172.16.0.0/24 172.16.10.0/24
172.16.5.0/24 172.16.25.0/24

14. ROUTING
TWO TYPES OF ROUTING:
VERSION 2
• RIP(Routing Information Protocol)
•VERSION 1
• EIGRP
•-Enhanced interior gateway routing protocol
• OSPF
•-Open shortest path first
STATIC DYNAMIC
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15. ROUTING INFORMATION PROTOCOL
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RIP
OPEN PROTOCOL DISTANCE VECTOR
ROUTING PROTOCOL
UPDATES ROUTING
TABLE EVERY 30 SEC
MAXIMUM HOP
COUNT-15
WORKS ON
HOP
COUNT

16. ENHANCED INTERIOR GATEWAY
ROUTINGPROTOCOL
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EIGRP
OPEN PROTOCOL
HYBRID
PROTOCOL
UPDATES ROUTING
TABLE EVERY 90 SEC
MAXIMUM HOP
COUNT-255
WORKS WITH
AS NO.

17. OPEN SHORTEST PATH FIRST
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OSPF
OPEN PROTOCOL WORKS WITH AREA
UPDATES ROUTING TABLE
WHEN NETWORK
CHANGES MAXIMUM HOP
COUNT-UNLIMITED
BACKBONE
AREA-0

18. SWITCHING
• Switching breaks up collision domain.
• Provide independent bandwidth on each port.
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19. VLAN
• A single switch is break up in multiple VLAN’s.
• By default, VLAN 1 is created.
• It greatly enhance network security.
• It increases the number of broadcast domain
while decreasing their size.
– Show switching packet tracer
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20. INTERVLAN
• Used to communicate between different
VLANs in same switch with different network
• Router is used with a trunk port for
communication between network
• Router has an interface in each VLAN.
– Show pkt
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21. STP
• Its main task is to stop network loops from
occuring on layer 2 network(bridges and
switches)
• It finds all the links and make sure that no
loops occur
• Reduce redundancy
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With the
lowest
priority or
MAC
address
Forwarding port
Blocked port

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