Router configuration involves configuring the components of a router like RAM, NVRAM, flash memory, interfaces, and ROM. RAM stores routing tables and caches. NVRAM stores the startup configuration. Flash memory stores the IOS image. Interfaces connect routers to networks. Dynamic routing protocols like RIP, IGRP, OSPF, and EIGRP can be configured to exchange routing information. Static routes can also be configured using the ip route command. Troubleshooting commands help monitor router operation and troubleshoot issues.
cintains basic modes of router ,sub-modes , set line/login password in ccna, how to assign ip address, configure telnet , break router password ,.. etc
A PROJECT REPORT
On
CISCO CERTIFIED NETWORK ASSOCIATE
A computer network, or simply a network, is a collection of computer and other hardware components interconnected by communication channels that allow sharing of resources and information. Where at least one process in one device is able to send/receive data to/from at least one process residing in a remote device, then the two devices are said to be in a network. Simply, more than one computer interconnected through a communication medium for information interchange is called a computer network.
cintains basic modes of router ,sub-modes , set line/login password in ccna, how to assign ip address, configure telnet , break router password ,.. etc
A PROJECT REPORT
On
CISCO CERTIFIED NETWORK ASSOCIATE
A computer network, or simply a network, is a collection of computer and other hardware components interconnected by communication channels that allow sharing of resources and information. Where at least one process in one device is able to send/receive data to/from at least one process residing in a remote device, then the two devices are said to be in a network. Simply, more than one computer interconnected through a communication medium for information interchange is called a computer network.
1) Explain the advantages and disadvantages of static routing.
2) Explain the purpose of different types of static routes.
3) Configure IPv4 and IPv6 static routes by specifying a next-hop address.
4) Configure an IPv4 and IPv6 default routes.
5) Explain the use of legacy classful addressing in network implementation.
6) Explain the purpose of CIDR in replacing classful addressing.
7) Design and implement a hierarchical addressing scheme.
8) Configure an IPv4 and IPv6 summary network address to reduce the number of routing table updates.
9) Configure a floating static route to provide a backup connection.
10) Explain how a router processes packets when a static route is configured.
11) Troubleshoot common static and default route configuration issues.
PDF version slides from our talk at Navaja Negra & Conecta CON 5th Edition: Destroying Router Security.
Authors:
- José Antonio Rodríguez García
- Álvaro Folgado Rueda
- Iván Sanz de Castro
This study guide is intended to provide those pursuing the CCNA certification with a framework of what concepts need to be studied. This is not a comprehensive document containing all the secrets of the CCNA, nor is it a “braindump” of questions and answers.
I sincerely hope that this document provides some assistance and clarity in your studies.
This study guide is intended to provide those pursuing the CCNA certification with a framework of what concepts need to be studied. This is not a comprehensive document containing all the secrets of the CCNP nor is it a “braindump” of questions and answers.
I sincerely hope that this document provides some assistance and clarity in your studies.
This study guide is intended to provide those pursuing the CCNA certification with a framework of what concepts need to be studied. This is not a comprehensive document containing all the secrets of the CCNA, nor is it a “braindump” of questions and answers.
I sincerely hope that this document provides some assistance and clarity in your studies.
1) Explain the advantages and disadvantages of static routing.
2) Explain the purpose of different types of static routes.
3) Configure IPv4 and IPv6 static routes by specifying a next-hop address.
4) Configure an IPv4 and IPv6 default routes.
5) Explain the use of legacy classful addressing in network implementation.
6) Explain the purpose of CIDR in replacing classful addressing.
7) Design and implement a hierarchical addressing scheme.
8) Configure an IPv4 and IPv6 summary network address to reduce the number of routing table updates.
9) Configure a floating static route to provide a backup connection.
10) Explain how a router processes packets when a static route is configured.
11) Troubleshoot common static and default route configuration issues.
PDF version slides from our talk at Navaja Negra & Conecta CON 5th Edition: Destroying Router Security.
Authors:
- José Antonio Rodríguez García
- Álvaro Folgado Rueda
- Iván Sanz de Castro
This study guide is intended to provide those pursuing the CCNA certification with a framework of what concepts need to be studied. This is not a comprehensive document containing all the secrets of the CCNA, nor is it a “braindump” of questions and answers.
I sincerely hope that this document provides some assistance and clarity in your studies.
This study guide is intended to provide those pursuing the CCNA certification with a framework of what concepts need to be studied. This is not a comprehensive document containing all the secrets of the CCNP nor is it a “braindump” of questions and answers.
I sincerely hope that this document provides some assistance and clarity in your studies.
This study guide is intended to provide those pursuing the CCNA certification with a framework of what concepts need to be studied. This is not a comprehensive document containing all the secrets of the CCNA, nor is it a “braindump” of questions and answers.
I sincerely hope that this document provides some assistance and clarity in your studies.
It was a project to make college network which is developed on Cisco Packet tracer. In that we have to configure server then that ip is to distributed among no of Pcs , Printer , wireless phone With different categories of IP.
This exam requires a foundation or apprentice knowledge of network design for the Cisco converged networks based on borderless network architecture. CCDA certified professionals can design routed and switched network infrastructures and services involving LAN, WAN, wireless, and broadband access for businesses and organizations.
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This tutorial gives very good understanding on CCNA Dynamic Routing Protocols.After completing this tutorial,You will find yourself at a moderate level of expertise in knowing Advance Networking(CCNA)
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5. • A router is a special type of computer. It has the
same basic components as a standard desktop
PC. It has a CPU, memory, a system bus, and
various input/output interfaces.
6. Router Components: RAM
RAM has the following characteristics and functions:
• Stores routing tables
• Holds ARP cache
• Holds fast-switching cache
• Performs packet buffering as shared RAM
• Maintains packet-hold queues
• Provides temporary memory for the configuration file of a
router while the router is powered on
• Loses content when a router is powered down or
restarted
7. Router Components: NVRAM
NVRAM has the following characteristics
and functions:
• Provides storage for the startup
configuration file
• Retains content when a router is powered
down or restarted
8. Router Components: Flash memory
Flash memory has the following characteristics
and functions:
• Holds the IOS image
• Allows software to be updated without removing
and replacing chips on the processor
• Retains content when a router is powered down
or restarted
• Can store multiple versions of IOS software
• Is a type of electrically erasable programmable
read-only memory (EEPROM)
9. Router Components: ROM
ROM has the following characteristics and
functions:
• Maintains instructions for power-on self
test (POST) diagnostics
• Stores bootstrap program and basic
operating system software
• Requires replacing pluggable chips on the
motherboard for software upgrades
10. Router Components: Interfaces
Interfaces have the following characteristics
and functions:
• Connect routers to a network for packet
entry and exit
• Can be on the motherboard or on a
separate module
17. Cisco IOS Software
• Basic routing and
switching functions
• Reliable and secure
access to networked
resources
• Network scalability
Router> show version
…<output omitted>…
cisco 2620 (MPC860) processor (revision 0x102) with 59392K/6144K
bytes of memory
Router>show flash
18.
19. Router# configure terminal
Router(config)#
• Type exit or Ctrl-Z to return
Router(config)#hostname Tokyo
Tokyo(config)#
Router(config)#line console 0
Router(config-line)#login
Router(config-line)#password <password >
20. show commands
• show ? – any time for help with commands type ?
• Router# show interfaces serial 0/1
• show clock - Shows the time set in the router
• show hosts - Displays a cached list of host names and
addresses
• show users - Displays all users who are connected to the
router
• show history - Displays a history of commands
• show flash - information about flash memory and IOS
files
• show version - currently loaded software version and
hardware
• show protocols - status of configured Layer 3 protocols
• show startup-config - saved configuration located in
NVRAM
• show running-config
22. Routing and Routing Protocols
• dynamic routing,
• static routing
– ip route command to manually configure a static
route.
– administrative distance is an optional parameter that
indicates the reliability of a route.
– waycross(config)# ip route 172.16.3.0 255.255.255.0
172.16.4.1 130
– Route can be configure by outgoing interface or next
hop ip address.
– default route is given by ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0
[next-hop-address | outgoing interface ]
26. Configuring Dynamic Routing
• BHM(config) #router rip – Selects RIP as the routing
protocol
• BHM(config-router) #network 10.0.0.0 – Specifies a
directly connected network
• BHM(config-router) # network 192.168.13.0 – Specifies
a directly connected network
• RIP was originally specified in RFC 1058 :
– It is a distance vector routing protocol.
– Hop count is used as the metric for path selection.
– If the hop count is greater than 15, the packet is discarded.
– Routing updates are broadcast every 30 seconds, by default.
– Load balancing among multiple equidistance path
27. Troubleshooting
• ABC#show ip protocols
• ABC#show ip route
• ABC#show interface interface
• ABC#show ip interface interface
• ABC#show running-config
• show ip rip database
• show ip protocols {summary}
• debug ip rip {events}
• ip interface brief
28. IGRP
• IGRP uses the following metrics:
– Bandwidth – The lowest bandwidth value in
the path
– Delay – The cumulative interface delay along
the path
– Reliability – The reliability on the link toward
the destination as determined by the
exchange of keepalives
– Load – The load
30. More on Routing…
• OSPF and EIGRP
• EGP and IGP
• Switching
• VLAN
• Access Control List (ACL)
31. OSPF
• OSPF is a nonproprietary link-state routing
protocol.
– It is a link-state routing protocol.
– It is an open standard routing protocol described in
RFC 2328.
– The SPF algorithm is used to calculate the lowest
cost to a destination.
– Routing updates are flooded as topology changes
occur.
# router ospf process-id
# network net-address wildcard-mask area area-id
32. EIGRP
• EIGRP is a Cisco proprietary enhanced distance vector
routing protocol.
– It is an enhanced distance vector routing protocol.
– It uses unequal cost load balancing.
– It uses a combination of distance vector and link-state features
(hybrid).
– It uses Diffused Update Algorithm (DUAL) to calculate the
shortest path.
– Routing updates are multicast using 224.0.0.10 triggered by
topology changes. Max hop 255
RA(config-router)# router eigrp autonomous-
system-number
RA(config-router)# network network-number
33. BGP
• Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is an
exterior routing protocol.
– It is a distance vector exterior routing protocol.
– It is used between ISPs or ISPs and clients.
– It is used to route Internet traffic between
autonomous systems.