Tradución ao galego dunha presentación do prof. Tomás Pérez Molina, onde presenta as principais características da arquitectura renacentista, no período coñecido como o Cinquecento (s. XVI)
The document discusses several key aspects of Hinduism in India, including:
1) The Aryans invaded India around 1500 BC and had a dramatic influence on Indian culture, establishing the basis for Hinduism.
2) The caste system was developed by the Aryans and divided society into four main castes (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas, Sudras) based on profession. One's caste cannot be changed.
3) Hinduism's goals include dharma (virtue), artha (success), and kama (pleasure) which are life-affirming, and moksha (release from life) which requires renunciation as
Brahma is responsible for creation and the four Vedas. Vishnu maintains order as the preserver. Shiva brings destruction and change, often depicted with snakes and multiple weapons. Krishna is the eighth incarnation of Vishnu, known for his flute playing and childhood romance. Lakshmi is the goddess of wealth and beauty, often seen massaging Vishnu's feet. The gods impact Hindu literature by serving as aids to heroes and making plots more interesting, as seen in epics like the Mahabharata and Ramayana.
Tradución ao galego dunha presentación do prof. Tomás Pérez Molina, onde presenta as principais características da arquitectura renacentista, no período coñecido como o Cinquecento (s. XVI)
The document discusses several key aspects of Hinduism in India, including:
1) The Aryans invaded India around 1500 BC and had a dramatic influence on Indian culture, establishing the basis for Hinduism.
2) The caste system was developed by the Aryans and divided society into four main castes (Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas, Sudras) based on profession. One's caste cannot be changed.
3) Hinduism's goals include dharma (virtue), artha (success), and kama (pleasure) which are life-affirming, and moksha (release from life) which requires renunciation as
Brahma is responsible for creation and the four Vedas. Vishnu maintains order as the preserver. Shiva brings destruction and change, often depicted with snakes and multiple weapons. Krishna is the eighth incarnation of Vishnu, known for his flute playing and childhood romance. Lakshmi is the goddess of wealth and beauty, often seen massaging Vishnu's feet. The gods impact Hindu literature by serving as aids to heroes and making plots more interesting, as seen in epics like the Mahabharata and Ramayana.
The document describes several Hindu gods and goddesses. Brahma is the creator who created humans and sages to help form the universe. Shiva is the destroyer, recognized by his matted hair and trident, with two sons and rides the bull Nandi. Vishnu is the supreme god holding a lotus, mace, conch, and wheel, mentioned in the Rigvedas and associated with light. Krishna is described as a young boy with a flute or prince, found in the Mahabarata and Purnas. Ratri is the goddess of night and love mentioned in the Vedas. Lakshmi is the goddess of wealth, wife of Vishnu, embodiment of
Tradución ao galego dunha presentación do prof. Tomás Pérez Molina, que mostra as características principais da arquitectura románica na Península Ibérica
This document discusses the Hindu goddess Ratri, who is the goddess of night. It provides background on Ratri, including that she is an ancient Vedic goddess who exists before the Hindu pantheon. The document describes Ratri as a symbol of nighttime and darkness, and discusses her relationship with her sister Ushas, the dawn goddess. It also summarizes the story of Night from the Rig Veda and the role of Ratri within it.
A arquitectura no baixo Renacemento en España: o estilo Herrerianoprofesor historia
Tradución ao galego dunha presentación do prof. Tomás Pérez Molina, onde presenta as principais características do coñecido coma estilo herreriano, que tanta pegada tivo na arquitectura do último terzo do s. XVI na Coroa de Castela
This document provides background information on characters from the Mahabharata epic. It introduces the five Pandava brothers - Yudhistira, Bhima, Arjuna, Nakula, and Sahadeva. It describes a conflict between the Pandava and Kaurava families that resulted in the Pandavas losing their kingdom and being exiled to the forest for 12 years. The document emphasizes Yudhistira's wisdom and willpower in contrast with his brothers' more impulsive tendencies. The theme explored is making wise decisions versus rash actions, especially under difficult circumstances.
The document discusses several major Hindu gods and goddesses and their roles in Hindu literature and mythology. Brahma is the creator god who grew from Vishnu's navel and controls day and night. Vishnu is the preserver god with four arms holding symbolic items. Shiva is the destroyer god associated with death and snakes. Krishna is the eighth incarnation of Vishnu and plays a major role in the Mahabharata. Lakshmi left her husband Shiva for Vishnu and is the goddess of wealth. Ratri is the goddess of night who offers aid to others.
The document summarizes several sacred texts of Hinduism, including the Vedas, Upanishads, Mahabharata, Bhagavad-Gita, and Panchatantra. It provides details on the origins, contents, and significance of each text. The Vedas are the oldest and most influential scriptures, dating back to 1500 BC. The Upanishads build upon Vedic philosophy and were written between 800-400 BC. The epic Mahabharata and Bhagavad-Gita contained within it are two of the longest and most important poems in Hinduism. The Panchatantra consists of animal fables and tales compiled between the 3rd-5th centuries AD to educate royalty.
This document discusses how ancient and modern mythologies are connected to agricultural cycles and the natural progression of life. Societies had a cyclical view of life aligned with the seasons - spring represented rebirth, summer fertility and harvest, and winter decay. Women were highly valued as the Great Goddess embodied the source of all human life and food. The Sacred King would rule for a year then be sacrificed to ensure future harvests. Over time men gained more power and ruled for longer periods while using surrogate kings for sacrifices instead of themselves.
Ravana kidnaps Sita after being tricked by Maricha into thinking Rama has been killed. Hanuman finds Sita and gives her Rama's ring. Rama and the monkey army prepare to face Ravana in battle. Rama defeats and kills Ravana after several battles. Sita passes a trial by fire to prove her purity, but Rama still doubts her and exiles her again. Years later, after their twin sons are discovered, Rama realizes Sita was truly pure and asks her to return, but she instead departs into the earth. Rama is told he will be reunited with Sita as the gods Vishnu and Lakshmi in the afterlife.
This document defines mythology and discusses common themes and characteristics of myths. It states that myths are anonymous, traditional stories that explain beliefs, customs, or natural phenomena. Myths typically examine the relationship between individual desires and societal responsibilities. They originally served to entertain but also sought to explain human nature and instruct. Myths often feature deities with superhuman attributes and human flaws who explain origins, nature, death, and the function of divinities. Common themes include first parents being gods of sky and earth, a creator god fashioning humans from earth, and a great flood destroying mortals. Heroes in myths may have unusual births or strengths and embark on journeys to the underworld.
An epic is a long narrative poem that tells the story of divine beings and people fighting a war or taking a long and arduous journey. Epics revolve around the struggles of a heroic figure and typically include supernatural forces, battles, speeches, and a statement of theme. The epic hero reflects the values of their culture, struggles for important ideals, and fights against rejected ideas, sometimes with divine help.
A arquitectura barroca en Italia: Bernini e Borrominiprofesor historia
Tradución ao galego dunha presentación do prof. Tomás Pérez Molina, onde nos achega as principais obras arquitéctonicas do barroco italiano, centrándose en Bernini e Borromini
Tradución ao galego dunha presentación do prof. Tomás Pérez Molina, onde presenta as principais características da arquitectura do Quattrocento, a través das obras de Brunelleschi e Alberti
Tradución ao galego dunha presentación do prof. Tomás Pérez Molina, onde nos achega as características máis senlleiras da escultura barroca a través da obra de Bernini
2. O BARROCO: A ARQUITECTURA E O URBANISMO ITALIA (Roma) FRANCESCO BORROMINI (a ruptura) GIANLORENZO BERNINI (a continuidade do clasicismo) RESTO DE EUROPA “ A ruptura do equilibrio clásico”
3. DÚAS VISIÓNS DA ARQUITECTURA BARROCA Gian Lorenzo Bernini Francesco Castelli, Borromini Dous colosos da arquitectura. Dúas figuras xeniais . A arquitectura despois deles xa non volveu ser a mesma … pero tamén unha enemistade eterna , un odio sen límite: o mestre, Bernini, sinte a forza volcánica do aprendiz, Borromini . A admiración entre ambos ous dous transfórmase en rivalidade, primeiro, e en desprezo e odio, despois
4. DÚAS VISIÓNS DA ARQUITECTURA BARROCA Semellanzas e diferenzas?
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6. San Carlo alle Quattro fontane e San't Ivo alla Sapienzia
7. A COLUMNATA DE SAN PEDRO DO VATICANO, ROMA. G. l. BERNINI
8. A ARQUITECTURA E O URBANISMO BARROCO: UNHA APROXIMACIÓN XERAL Arquitectura e urbanismo Novas formas arquitectónicas? Os elementos construtivos: unha nova sintaxe Os materiais: fusión de texturas e de cor O dinamismo das formas A exuberancia decorativa A RUPTURA DO EQUILIBRIO CLASICISTA
11. Piazza Navona, Roma. 1644 Neste lugar álzase o pequeño edificio da familia Pamphili. Un dos seus membros, Inocencio X, transformou o estadio nunha fermosa praza que decorou con tres obras mestras do barrodo: a Fontana dei Quattro Fiumi (Bernini), a Igrexa de Sant’Agnese in Agone, antiga capela da familia do Papa (Borromini) e o Palazzo Pamphili - residencia de Donna Olimpia, cuñada de Inocencio X
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21. Comézase a debuxar fachadas cóncavas ou convexas , que se relacionan estreitamente co espazo urbano en que se insiren Ao seren edificadas tense en conta o ángulo baixo o cal van ser vistas, buscando efectos de perspectivas fugaces e de eixes diagonais Isto supón que os muros se fan flexibles : móvense, con entrantes e saíntes, ondúlanse As cornixas, moi saíntes, tamén reflicten esta concepción dinámica da fachada. Trátase, case, dunha concepción orgánica do edificio
24. A cúpula sobresae no exterior , pero interiormente será absorbida, como superficie semiesférica pura, por un turbillón de figuras, pinturas, molduras ou finxidos ceos Son grandes rachamentos de gloria en que aquelas simulan desaparecer, deixando ver un mundo celestial Igrexa dos Inválidos de París J. H. Mansart, 1678-1691
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29. O espazo interior tamén se concibe como unha forma fluínte , estando dominado polas superficies curvas A decoración vaise facendo cada vez máis rica e colorista , potenciando o efecto escenográfico e teatral da arquitectura barroca Interior: Die Wies, Bavaria, Alemania (1746-54), Dominicus Zimmerman Igrexa de San Carlos das Catro Fontes, Roma. F. Borromini