Carrot cultivation by ajit kumar ghoslya
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This document provides information on carrot cultivation, including its scientific classification as Daucus carota, major growing areas in Sri Lanka, ecological requirements, morphology, varieties, uses, and pests and diseases. It discusses carrot's preference for cool temperatures between 60-70°F and sandy or loamy soils with a pH of 6.5-7.5. Common varieties include New Kuroda, Top Weight, and Cape Market. Carrots are often orange due to their beta-carotene content and are used both as a vegetable and for decorations and cosmetics. Their pests include carrot rust fly, carrot weevils, and parsley worms.
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Carrot cultivation by ajit kumar ghoslya
- 1. CARROT CULTIVATION (Daucus carota) Presented by: AJIT KUMAR GHOSLYA, RCA ,UDAIPUR
- 2. 2 CONTENT • Introduction • Scientific classification • Major growing areas • Ecological requirement • Morphology • Chemical compounds present in carrot • Carrot varieties • Why most carrots are in orange colour? • Land preparation • Management practices • Uses of carrot • Pest and diseases in carrot cultivation • Forking effect
- 3. 3 INTRODUCTION • Herbaceous root vegetable • Consumption part of carrot is taproot although the greens are edible as well • Biennial plants
- 4. 4 • Kingdom : Plantae • Order : Apiales • Family : Apiaceae • Genus : Daucus • Species : D. carota • Binomial name: Daucus carota SCIENTIFIC CLASSIFICATION
- 5. 1. Up-country Nuwara Eliya Welimada 2. Mid-country Badulla Bandarawela Matale 5 MAJOR GROWING AREAS
- 6. Temperature • Normally a cool-weather crop • Warmer T are only acceptable early in growing process • Grow best in T between 60F and 70F • If T < 50 F will stunt the growth of foliage • Can tolerate a light frost; but prolonged exposure should be avoided 6 ECOLOGICAL REGUIREMENT
- 7. pH Value 6.5 to 7.5 for best results Soil texture and weight • Sandy soils, sandy loam and silted loam are the best • Heavy, clay soils or compacted soils may produce a warped or stunted crops 7 ECOLOGICAL REGUIREMENT
- 8. 8 Stem green in color as well as grown up to 1m tall Leaves Their leaves are of variable size and alternately arranged, or alternate with the upper leaves becoming nearly opposite Flowers the corolla can be white, yellow, pink or purple with 5 petals, sepals, and stamens MORPHOLOGY
- 9. 9 Pollination of carrot • Cross-pollinated crop • Pollination occurs mainly through bees • The pollen viability is depend on the temperature
- 10. 10 Seeds • Somewhat oblong • Brownish in colour • Margins can be appeared externally
- 11. 11 CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS • Polyacetylene • Falcarinol and Falcarindiol (Falcarindiol- responsible for bitterness in carrots) • Pyrrolidine (Present in the leaves) • Eugenin (Gazarin) • Falcarindiol 3-acetate
- 13. 13 CARROT VARIETIES IN THE WORLD Indigo Sunlite Inca Creme de lite
- 14. 14 Navajo Sirkana Top cut CARROT VARIETIES IN THE WORLD
- 15. 15 LOCAL VARIETIES New Kuroda • Grows vigorously, very smooth and nice color, widely adaptable • Maturity -110 days after sowing • Tolerant to leaf blight and heat • Can cultivate both up and low country
- 16. Top weight • Leaves - Few, finely divided, short tubers, orange, cylindrical to somewhat conical with small, light yellow core • Maturity – 120 days after sowing Cape market • Leaves - Numerous, coarsely divided • Tubers - Dark orange, long (25-30 cm),conical with large orange core • Maturity- 90 – 115 days after sowing LOCAL VARIETIES
- 17. 17 β-Carotene structure. Carotene is responsible for the orange colour of carrots and many other fruits and vegetables WHY MOST OF CARROT IN ORANGE COLOUR???
- 18. 18 • Soil should be ploughed to a depth of 30-40 cm and worked to a very fine tilth • Prepare raised beds 1 m wide and 20 cm high • Incorporate 5-10 tons/ha of cattle manure or compost to beds and level LAND PREPARATION
- 20. 20 MANAGEMENT PRACTICES Fertilizer use N-180 kg/ha, P2O5-90 kg/ha, K2O-120 kg/ha a) Basal - apply the following formulations and rates: i). Urea - 200 kg/ha ii). TSP - 300 kg/ha iii). MOP - 125 kg/ha b) Top dressing - apply 4-6 weeks after planting i). Urea - 250 kg/ha ii). MOP - 125 kg/ha
- 21. 21 Irrigation Irrigate daily until germination occurs and, then once every 4 days Depending on rainfall Weed control Hand weed 2 and 4 weeks after planting a) The following herbicides may be used: i) Linuron - 0.75-1.0 kg/ha pre-or post¬- emergence (for wettable powder formulation only) ii) Metribuzin - 0.35 kg/ha pre-emergence (do not use, post-emergence)
- 22. 22 ABOUT CARROT………… Seed rate 4 kg/ha Time of planting Both Yala and Maha Planting and spacing a) Mix seed with dry soil for even distribution and row sow or broadcast on raised beds b) Row-sown: 25-30 cm between rows, 5 cm between plants c) Thin 4-6 weeks after planting to maintain a space of 5 cm between plants within the row
- 23. 23 Time to maturity 75-90 days Yield a) Up-country: 35-40 t/ha b) Mid-country: 15-20 t/ha ABOUT CARROT…………
- 25. 25 USES OF CARROT • Antioxidant benefits Carotenoids Hydroxycinnamic acid Anthocyanindins • Cardiovascular Benefits • Vision Health • Anti-Cancer Benefits • Decorations • Cosmetics
- 26. 26 1. Leaf spot (Cercospora carotae) a). Symptom i) Lesions with circular white centers on young leaves b) Control i) Treat seed with recommended fungicide ii) Rotate crops iii) Destroy infected plant debris iv) Spray foliage with a recommended fungicide DISEASE CONTROL
- 27. 27 a) Symptom i) Spots on older leaves, develop into irregular brown lesions with yellowish centre b) Control i). Rotate crops ii). Treat seeds with a recommended fungicide iii). Destroy infected plant debris iv). Spray foliage with a recommended fungicide 2. Alternaria blight (Alternaria dauci)
- 28. 28 a) Symptoms i). Diseased tissues are soft and gelatinous with a distinct boundary between infected and healthy tissue ii). Rotten tissue has a characteristically unpleasant odour b) Control i). Rotate crop with maize, pulses, etc. ii). Destroy and remove infected plant debris iii). Facilitate good drainage iv). Avoid damage during transplanting, harvesting and other cultural operations v). Store roots in a ventilated, dry place vi). Follow fungicide recommendations for disease Control 3. Bacterial soft rot (Erwinia caratora)
- 29. 29 PESTS • Carrot Rust Fly • Carrot Weevils • Parsley worms • Leaf minor Carrot Weevils Carrot Rust Fly Parsley worms
- 31. 31 • There is experimental evidence that growing it intercropped with tomatoes increases tomato production • If left to flower, it attracts predatory wasps that kill many garden pest DO YOU KNOW???
- 32. 32 THANK YOU!