The carbon and oxygen cycles describe the movement of carbon and oxygen between the biosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere. Carbon dioxide is absorbed by plants through photosynthesis and released through respiration, while oxygen is a byproduct of photosynthesis and used in respiration. Human activities like burning fossil fuels have increased atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, contributing to the greenhouse effect and global warming. This disrupts global climate patterns and ecosystems.

1. Topic
Biogeochemical Cycles

2. Carbon-Oxygen Cycle

3. The Carbon Cycle
 Circulation of CO2
 Biotic Component
 Carbon is the key element in living compounds
 Carbon is trapped and stored in organic compounds by
photosynthesis
 CO2 is released to the atmosphere by respiration
 Abiotic Component
 CO2 – found in atmosphere (0.03%) and in oceans
 Can be trapped in fossil fuels
 In oceans, it is incorporated into rocks, shells, corals
 CO2 released into the atmosphere by combustion

4. Oxygen Cycle
 Movement of oxygen between the
atmosphere and the biota
 21% of atmosphere
 Released by photosynthesis
 Consumed by respiration

7. Carbon Oxygen Cycle

8. Carbon Oxygen Cycle
1 Atmospheric pool of carbon dioxide
2 Plants take up carbon dioxide for
photosynthesis
3 Animals eat plants
4 Carbon didxide released by respiration
5 Fossil fuels
6 Carbon dioxide released by combustion
7 Death of organisms and decay by bacteria

9.  Human impact:
 burn excess fossil fuels
 Use up forests
 Result is more CO2 added to atmosphere
 Leads to the greenhouse effect
 Greenhouse effect:
 Heat blocking action of gasses in the
atmosphere
 Short waves converted to long – unable to
escape atmosphere

11. Greenhouse Gasses
Name of Gas Chemical
Formula
Source
Carbon Dioxide CO2 Fossil fuels
Methane CH4 Bacteria decay,
farts
Nitrous Oxide N2O Fertilizers,
animal wastes
CFC’s Styrofoam,
accelerants

12.  Humans continue adding excess amounts of
CO2
 Since 19th century, levels have increased 25%
 Possible increase in global temperature

14. Human Population

15. Human Population and
Technology

16. Carbon Dioxide Levels

17. Emission Levels

18. Past and Present C02 Levels

19. Greenhouse Gases

20.  Effects:
 Melting ice caps
 Sea levels to increase – flooding
 Change in climate patterns
 More/less rainfall
 Large impact on agriculture
 Natural vegetation could change
 Some say that oceans are a large sink for CO2

23. Image of a Dust Bowl

25. Ozone Layer
 Protects earth from UV radiation
 ~ 99% of UV radiation is screened and never
reaches surface
 Ozone holes:
 Above the poles (N & S)
 Increase in skin cancer and eye problems
 Major cause?
 CFC’s

27.  CFC’s released in sprays and as a waste
product
 When in upper atmosphere, Chlorine reacts
with ozone and breaks it down
 CFC’s stay in atmosphere for a very long
time
 May continue to break down ozone layer
 Solution?