This document discusses different shot sizes, camera angles, and framing techniques used in filmmaking. It describes various shot sizes from extreme long shots showing the landscape to extreme close ups focusing on small details. Camera angles are discussed from high angles looking down, eye level angles, low angles looking up, and Dutch angles. Framing techniques include single shots, two shots, and three shots showing different numbers of subjects, as well as over the shoulder shots and point of view shots. These techniques are used to convey information about settings, characters' relationships and emotions, power dynamics, and the viewer's perspective.

1. Shots, Angles
and Framing
An Introduction

2. Shot Size
The shot size determines the size
of the subject (e.g. character)
within the frame. In other words,
it is the distance between the
camera and the subject.
Camera shots range from seeing
the entire subject to seeing only
a part of them (e.g. their eyes.)

3. SHOT SIZE
Extreme Long Shot
An extreme long shot shows the
landscape of a film.
It is often used to give information
about where the action is taking
place and to signal the
atmosphere of the film.

4. Long Shot
A long shot includes the full length
of the subject and some of the
surroundings.
This shot shows the link between
the characters and their
environment.
SHOT SIZE

5. Medium or Mid Shot
A medium shot shows a person from
the waist up.
We can view their facial expressions
and body language, and get to know
the character more closely.
SHOT SIZE

6. Close Up Shot
A close-up focuses on a face, or a
character’s hands or feet, or an
object at close range.
The viewer can closely examine one
piece of action, or the thoughts and
feelings of a character.
SHOT SIZE

7. Extreme Close Up Shot
An extreme close-up makes the shot so tight
that only a detail of the subject, such as the
character’s eyes, can be seen
This shot is used to allow the viewer to enter
the character's intimate space, revealing
certain characteristics and emotions that
would otherwise go unnoticed.
SHOT SIZE

8. SHOT SIZE
Establishing Shot
An establishing shot is often used at
the beginning of a scene to indicate
the time and location. For this
reason, directors often use extreme
long shots to establish their scenes.

9. Camera Angle
Camera angle refers to where the camera is positioned
(angled) in relation to the subject.

10. Top Angle/Bird’s Eye View
In this angle, the camera is positioned
directly above the scene. It can be
used to show the scale of a problem or
the insignificance of a character.
CAMERA ANGLE

11. High Angle Shot
In a high-angle shot, the camera is
above the person or object, often
making the person or object appear
weak, inferior or under pressure.
HINT: If the camera is HIGH it’s a high angle shot
CAMERA ANGLE

12. Eye Level Shot
An eye-level angle shows a character
at eye-level to the camera. Eye-level
shots suggest that the subject is an
equal, and encourages viewers to
connect emotionally with them.
CAMERA ANGLE

13. Low Angle Shot
In a low-angle shot, the camera is
below the person or object, usually
making that person or object seem
powerful and important.
HINT: If the camera is LOW it’s a low angle shot
CAMERA ANGLE

14. Worm’s Eye View
This is an extreme low-angle shot
that places the camera directly
below the subject, giving a ‘worm’s
perspective’. It can be used to give
power to a subject and to make the
viewer feel uneasy.
CAMERA ANGLE

15. Dutch Angle/Titled Shot
The camera is set at an angle. This
can create a sense of uneasiness,
disorientation or madness. It can also
be used to increase the tension in an
action scene.
CAMERA ANGLE

16. Framing
Framing determines the number of subjects within a
shot and their relationship with the viewer.
Single Shot Two Shot Three Shot
Over the Shoulder Shot Point of View Shot

17. Single Shot
In a single shot, there is a single
subject framed and featured
within the shot.
CAMERA FRAMING

18. Two Shot
In a two shot, there are two
subjects framed and featured
within the shot.
CAMERA FRAMING

19. Three Shot
In a three shot, there are three
subjects framed and featured
within the shot.
CAMERA FRAMING

20. Over the Shoulder Shot
This shot shows the subject from
behind the shoulder of another
character. An over the shoulder
shot shows the relationship
between two characters and can
create a sense of intimacy.
CAMERA FRAMING

21. Point of View Shot
The point of view shot shows the
audience exactly what the character
sees, allowing the viewer to empathise
with them. This shot is often sandwiched
between a shot of the character’s face
and a shot of their reaction.
CAMERA FRAMING