The document describes different types of shot sizes and angles used in filmmaking. It explains that extreme close-ups focus on intense detail like the eye or mouth to show emotion, while close-ups are still personal but show less detail. Medium shots can display both facial expressions and body language. Mid and long shots provide more context of the subject and surroundings. Establishing shots introduce the setting. Two shots frame two conversing people from the waist up. Low angles make the subject appear powerful while high angles create sympathy.

1. SHOT SIZES

2. EXTREME CLOSE UP (XCU)
An extreme close up shot gets very
close to the subject and shows
immense detail. It can be used to
show emotion. For example; a close
up of the eye or mouth can show
facial expression. This shot can be
described as intrusive and personal.

3. CLOSE UP (CU)
A close up shot shows expression but in less detail then the extreme
close up. Close ups are often used to show an action. For example;
someone brushing their hair. This shot can also be described as
personal.

4. MEDIUM CLOSE UP (MCU)
A medium shot is half way between a mid shot and close up which
means it can show facial expression as well as body language.

5. MID SHOT (MS)
A mid shot is usually framed from the
waist up. They are not very affective
when showing facial expression but
are great at capturing body language.

6. LONG SHOT (LS)
A long shot allows the audience
to see the subject in terms of its
surroundings. This can show the
subjects size in proportion to
the setting. It also created a
clear idea of what's happening
in the shot as a whole.

7. EXTREME LONG SHOT (ELS)
In an extreme long shot, the subject is still visible but the focus
is on the surroundings. It doesn't capture body language or
facial expression.

8. ESTABLISHING
SHOT
An establishing shot is used to
set the scene. It is usually a
location shot found at the
beginning of a sequence to
introduce the audience to the
setting.

9. TWO SHOT (2-SHOT)
A two shot is of two people, framed similarly to a mid shot (waist up).

10. OVER THE SHOULDER SHOT
An over the shoulder shot is often used to show two people
conversating. Seeing aspects of both characters makes the
conversation more believable.

11. SHOT ANGLES

12. LOW ANGLE
A low angle is used to show the
subject as superior, powerful
and intimidating. This angle
aims to make the audience
fearful of the subject.

13. HIGH ANGLE
This angle is used to
make the subject appear
small and inferior which
creates sympathy.

14. BIRDS EYE
Birds eye is taken directly above an object and is normally
used to show a large scale location. For example; a city.

15. CANTED ANGLE
A canted angle is taken when the camera is at a tilt which
can suggest drama, intoxication and /or madness

16. EYE LEVEL
Eye level shots are used to show extreme detail. They
make the shot very personal and show emotion.

17. Tilt shots Tracking shots
Crane shots
The camera Where the camera
Ariel shots The camera is
moves up is rolled along laid
Where the camera is mounted on a
and down tracks in order to
placed on a helicopter to crane moves at
from a fixed follow someone
create a birds eye shot. a height above
axis. walking or running.
Usually used to show a ground level.
city/landscape.
Z Camera Movement
Camera movement can be used to emphasise a particular viewpoint
Z oom
Panning Arc
Using the camera shots Using the camera
lens to go from a Where the to move around
long shot to a close camera an object in a
up (zooming in) or slowly circular motion
from a close up to moves side
a long shot to side
(zooming out) in a across the
single shot. scene from
a fixed axis.