1) The demand for energy is primarily driven by population size and economic development levels of a country, with demand growing rapidly in newly industrialized nations.
2) World energy consumption has implications for humanity and involves all energy harnessed from every source across all countries.
3) In 2011, over $6 trillion was spent on energy globally, around 10% of world GDP, with Europe and North America accounting for nearly half of these expenditures.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: 11.3 MANUFACTURING AND RELATED SERVICE INDUSTRY. It contains: key terms and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: 11.2 THE M...George Dumitrache
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: 11.2 THE MANAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL CHANGE. It contains: key terms and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION. Presentation suitable for Cambridge A2 students. It contains: key words and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SUPPLIES. Presentation suitable for Cambridge A2 level students. It contains: key terms and definitions, topic summary, additional works and suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: 11.3 MANUFACTURING AND RELATED SERVICE INDUSTRY. It contains: key terms and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: 11.2 THE M...George Dumitrache
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: 11.2 THE MANAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL CHANGE. It contains: key terms and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION. Presentation suitable for Cambridge A2 students. It contains: key words and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SUPPLIES. Presentation suitable for Cambridge A2 level students. It contains: key terms and definitions, topic summary, additional works and suggested websites.
A2 CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY: HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS - HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS RESULTING FROM MASS MOVEMENTS. It contain case studies: Italian Mudslides 1998, New Zealand Landslip 1979, European Avalanches 1999.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: 11.1 AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS AND FOOD PRODUCTION. It contains: ley terms and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: THE MANAGEMENT OF A DEGRADED ENVIRONMENT. Presentation suitable for Cambridge A2 students. It contains: key words and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: 11.4 THE M...George Dumitrache
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: 11.4 THE MANAGEMENT OF INDUSTRIAL CHANGE. It contains: key terms and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS. Presentation suitable for Cambridge A2 students. It contains: key terms and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
A2 CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY: COASTAL ENVIRONMENTS - CORAL REEFS. It contains: what are coral reefs, the development of corals, growth rates, polyps and algae, reef formation, fringing reefs, barrier reefs, atolls, threats to coral.
A2 Geography Revision for Coastal Environments, subchapter 8.3 Coral Reefs. It is suitable for Year 13 Geography, Cambridge Examination in November 2016. It contains: key terms and definitions, a topic summary, sketches and descriptions, additional work (6 questions for testing your knowledge) and some suggested websites.
A2 CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY: CHARACTERISTICS AND FORMATION OF COASTAL LANDFORMSGeorge Dumitrache
A2 CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY: CHARACTERISTICS AND FORMATION OF COASTAL LANDFORMS. It contains: the formation of erosional landforms: cliffs and wave-cut platforms, caves, arches and stacks
Learners should be able to explain the formation of depositional landforms: beaches in cross section (profile) and plan, swash and drift aligned beaches, simple and compound spits, tombolos, offshore bars, barrier beaches, coastal dunes, tidal sedimentation in estuaries, coastal saltmarshes and mangroves, the role of sea level change in the formation of coastal landforms.
GEOGRAPHY IGCSE: INDUSTRIES IN MEDCs. It contains: case study heavy industry in the Ruhr region in Germany, case study footloose industry M4 corridor, United Kingdom.
A2 CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY: HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS - SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT IN HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS. It contain the case study about Bioengineering in Malaysia.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: THE MANAGEMENT OF ENERGY SUPPLY. Presentation suitable for Cambridge A2 students. It contains: topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
A2 CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY: HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS - HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS RESULTING FROM MASS MOVEMENTS. It contain case studies: Italian Mudslides 1998, New Zealand Landslip 1979, European Avalanches 1999.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: 11.1 AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS AND FOOD PRODUCTION. It contains: ley terms and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: THE MANAGEMENT OF A DEGRADED ENVIRONMENT. Presentation suitable for Cambridge A2 students. It contains: key words and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: 11.4 THE M...George Dumitrache
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: 11.4 THE MANAGEMENT OF INDUSTRIAL CHANGE. It contains: key terms and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS. Presentation suitable for Cambridge A2 students. It contains: key terms and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
A2 CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY: COASTAL ENVIRONMENTS - CORAL REEFS. It contains: what are coral reefs, the development of corals, growth rates, polyps and algae, reef formation, fringing reefs, barrier reefs, atolls, threats to coral.
A2 Geography Revision for Coastal Environments, subchapter 8.3 Coral Reefs. It is suitable for Year 13 Geography, Cambridge Examination in November 2016. It contains: key terms and definitions, a topic summary, sketches and descriptions, additional work (6 questions for testing your knowledge) and some suggested websites.
A2 CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY: CHARACTERISTICS AND FORMATION OF COASTAL LANDFORMSGeorge Dumitrache
A2 CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY: CHARACTERISTICS AND FORMATION OF COASTAL LANDFORMS. It contains: the formation of erosional landforms: cliffs and wave-cut platforms, caves, arches and stacks
Learners should be able to explain the formation of depositional landforms: beaches in cross section (profile) and plan, swash and drift aligned beaches, simple and compound spits, tombolos, offshore bars, barrier beaches, coastal dunes, tidal sedimentation in estuaries, coastal saltmarshes and mangroves, the role of sea level change in the formation of coastal landforms.
GEOGRAPHY IGCSE: INDUSTRIES IN MEDCs. It contains: case study heavy industry in the Ruhr region in Germany, case study footloose industry M4 corridor, United Kingdom.
A2 CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY: HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS - SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT IN HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS. It contain the case study about Bioengineering in Malaysia.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: THE MANAGEMENT OF ENERGY SUPPLY. Presentation suitable for Cambridge A2 students. It contains: topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: THE GREEN REVOLUTIONGeorge Dumitrache
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: THE GREEN REVOLUTION. It contains: green revolution, Norman Bourlag, green revolution in Mexico, India, Brazil, Philippines. Effects on food security, Malthusian criticism, the environmental impact.
A2 Geography Revision for Coastal Environments, subchapter 8.1 Waves Marine and Subaerial Processes. It is suitable for Year 13 Geography, Cambridge Examination in November 2016. It contains: key terms and definitions, a topic summary, sketches and descriptions, additional work (6 questions for testing your knowledge) and some suggested websites.
A comprehensive presentation about population, for the AS level, using all the important definitions necessary for the exam: distribution and density, population changes, population structure, models, trends in population growth, optimum, over and under population, theories relating to world population and food supply and the demographic transition model. Case studies: Kenya, USA, Denmark, China.
AS Level Physical Geography - Hydrology and Fluvial GeomorphologyArm Punyathorn
Water is an agent of change in the atmosphere, geosphere and biosphere. In this chapter we will try to understand the passage of water as it changes states.We will also look at how the forces of river can shape land forms as well as civilization
Renewable energy, including wind and solar power, has experienced explosive growth in recent years with no sign of slowing down. Read our special report, How Renewables are Winning, to learn more about this rapid period of renewable energy advancement.
example is in the attachment. i just need a summary paragraph for 5 .docxmealsdeidre
example is in the attachment. i just need a summary paragraph for 5 short sentences.
Renewable Energy Sources Can Satisfy Energy Demands
Renewable Energy
,
2012
"A fully sustainable renewable power supply is the only way we can secure energy for all and avoid environmental catastrophe."
The following viewpoint is an extract from a report undertaken by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), Ecofys (a consulting firm for sustainable energy projects), and the Office for Metropolitan Architecture. The viewpoint summarizes the findings of an Ecofys study that predicted the world can switch from
fossil fuels
to a fully
renewable energy
future by 2050. According to the study, most energy will be electricity-based, and that energy will be supplied chiefly by solar power.
Wind power
, geothermal heat, and water power will also serve to create electricity and heat homes. Finally the Ecofys scenario argues that biofuels will be needed to power some transport systems and industrial processes that require liquid fuels. According to the WWF and Ecofys, the renewables-driven future will save money, stall
climate change
, and create a sustainable energy system.
As you read, consider the following questions:
According to the WWF, by what percent does the International Energy Agency predict oil and gas reserves will fall by 2030?
What percent of the world's energy needs does Ecofys claim can be satisfied by renewables in 2050?
Why does Ecofys's scenario only provide for a small increase in hydropower by 2050?
The way we produce and use energy today is not sustainable. Our main fossil fuel sources—oil,
coal
and gas—are finite natural resources, and we are depleting them at a rapid rate. Furthermore they are the main contributors to climate change, and the race to the last 'cheap' fossil resources evokes disasters for the natural environment as seen recently in the case of the [2010] BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. In the developing world, regional and local desertification is caused by depletion of fuelwood and other biomass sources that are often used very inefficiently, causing substantive indoor
pollution
and millions of deaths annually. A fully sustainable renewable power supply is the only way we can secure energy for all and avoid environmental catastrophe.
Risks and Harms of Fossil Fuels
While most of us take energy for granted as a basic right, a fifth of the world's population still has no access to reliable electricity—drastically reducing their chances of getting an education and earning a living. As energy prices increase, the world's poor will continue to be excluded.
At the same time, more than 2.7 billion people are dependent on traditional bioenergy (mainly from wood, crop residues and animal dung) as their main source of cooking and heating fuel. This is often harvested unsustainably, causing soil erosion and increasing the risk of flooding, as well as threatening biodiversity and adding to greenhouse gas
emissions
. Traditional.
Energy crisis : Media & Current Affairs : Student CollaborationAli Haider Saeed
An illustration of student-teacher collaborative discussion model in the subject of Media & Current Affairs during the Fall session 2020, Students engaged in the discussion on energy crises
Energy Crisis And The Uk
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Executive Summary for the IEA's annual World Energy Outlook, the 2016 edition. The Outlook predicts natural gas use will continue to rise, while coal will continue to fall. "We see clear winners for the next 25 years, natural gas, but especially wind and solar, replacing the champion of the previous 25 years, coal," said Fatih Birol, IEA's executive director.
Diana Kool discusses the potential impact of climate change on the global economy and financial markets, focusing on energy sources and the growth of renewable forms
PRESS RELEASE
Potential of Renewable Energy Outlined in Report by the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Experts Underline Significant Future Role in Cutting Greenhouse Gas Emissions and
Powering Sustainable Development
Over 160 Scenarios on the Potential of six Renewable Energy Technologies Reviewed by
Global Team of Technological Experts and Scientists
11
th
Session of Working Group III
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Energy Crisis And Climate Change: Fracking
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Questions On The Energy Crisis
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Solving The Global Energy Crisis
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Essay on Solar Energy and the Energy Crisis
Energy Crisis And The Uk
Essay on Energy Crisis
The Energy Crisis Of 1979
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Researh Paper- Energy Crisis
07. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - REICHSTAG FIRE SOURCESGeorge Dumitrache
07. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - REICHSTAG FIRE
On February 27, 1933, the German parliament (Reichstag) building burned down. The Nazi leadership and its coalition partners used the fire to claim that Communists were planning a violent uprising. They claimed that emergency legislation was needed to prevent this. The resulting act, commonly known as the Reichstag Fire Decree, abolished a number of constitutional protections and paved the way for Nazi dictatorship.
05. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - HITLER CONSOLIDATING POWER 1933-34.PPTXGeorge Dumitrache
05. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - HITLER CONSOLIDATING POWER 1933-34.PPTX
Following Hitler’s appointment as chancellor the Nazis were finally in a position of power.
However, this power was limited, as the Nazis were just one party in a three party coalition government, under President Hindenburg.
This topic will explore how the Nazis managed to eliminate their opposition and consolidate ultimate power over Germany, whilst maintaining an illusion of democracy.
It will first explore this topic in chronological order, from the Reichstag Fire through to the death of President Hindenburg, and then explore it thematically in the last section. On the 31 January 1933, Hitler, conscious of his lack of a majority in the Reichstag, immediately called for new elections to try and strengthen his position. The Nazis aimed to increase their share of the vote so that they would have a majority in the Reichstag. This would allow them to rule unopposed and unhindered by coalition governments.
Over the next two months, they launched themselves into an intense election campaign.
On 27 February 1933, as the campaign moved into its final, frantic days, the Reichstag, the German Parliament building, was set on fire and burnt down. An atmosphere of panic and terror followed the event.
This continued when a young Dutch communist, Van der Lubbe was arrested for the crime.
The Nazi Party used the atmosphere of panic to their advantage, encouraging anti-communism. Göring declared that the communists had planned a national uprising to overthrow the Weimar Republic. This hysteria helped to turn the public against the communists, one of the Nazis main opponents, and 4000 people were imprisoned.
The day after the fire, Hindenburg signed the Emergency Decree for the Protection of the German People. On the 28 February 1933, President Hindenburg signed the Emergency Decree for the Protection of the German People. This decree suspended the democratic aspects of the Weimar Republic and declared a state of emergency.
This decree gave the Nazis a legal basis for the persecution and oppression of any opponents, who were be framed as traitors to the republic. People could be imprisoned for any or no reason.
The decree also removed basic personal freedoms, such as the freedom of speech, the right to own property, and the right to trial before imprisonment.
Through these aspects the Nazis suppressed any opposition to their power, and were able to start the road from democracy to a dictatorship. The atmosphere of uncertainty following the Reichstag Fire secured many voters for the Nazi party.
The SA also ran a violent campaign of terror against any and all opponents of the Nazi regime. Many were terrified of voting of at all, and many turned to voting for the Nazi Party out of fear for their own safety. The elections were neither free or fair.
On the 5 March 1933, the elections took place, with an extremely high turnout of 89%.
The Nazis secured 43.9% of the vote.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 04. HITLER BECOMING CHANCELLOR 1933George Dumitrache
Hitler was not immediately appointed chancellor after the success of the July 1932 elections, despite being leader of the largest party in the Reichstag. It took the economic and political instability (with two more chancellors failing to stabilise the situation) to worsen, and the support of the conservative elite, to convince Hindenburg to appoint Hitler.
Hitler was sworn in as the chancellor of Germany on the 30 January 1933. The Nazis were now in power.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 08. NAZIS IN THE WILDERNESSGeorge Dumitrache
The “Lean Years” (also called the "wilderness" years) of Hitler and the Nazi Party in Germany refer to the period between 1924 and 1928 when the Nazi party did not have high levels of support and still suffered from humiliation over the Munich Putsch. Why where these years “lean”?
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 07. STRESEMMAN ERA 1924-1929George Dumitrache
The period 1924-1929 was a time when the Weimar economy recovered and cultural life in Germany flourished. This dramatic turnabout happened in large part because of the role played by Gustav Stresemann who became Chancellor in August 1923 during the hyperinflation crisis.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 06. THE BEER HALL PUTSCH 1923George Dumitrache
The Beer Hall Putsch, also known as the Munich Putsch, was a failed coup d'état by Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP) leader Adolf Hitler, Generalquartiermeister Erich Ludendorff and other Kampfbund leaders in Munich, Bavaria, on 8–9 November 1923, during the Weimar Republic. Approximately two thousand Nazis marched on the Feldherrnhalle, in the city centre, but were confronted by a police cordon, which resulted in the deaths of 16 Nazi Party members and four police officers. Hitler escaped immediate arrest and was spirited off to safety in the countryside. After two days, he was arrested and charged with treason. The putsch brought Hitler to the attention of the German nation for the first time and generated front-page headlines in newspapers around the world. His arrest was followed by a 24-day trial, which was widely publicised and gave him a platform to express his nationalist sentiments to the nation. Hitler was found guilty of treason and sentenced to five years in Landsberg Prison, where he dictated Mein Kampf to fellow prisoners Emil Maurice and Rudolf Hess. On 20 December 1924, having served only nine months, Hitler was released. Once released, Hitler redirected his focus towards obtaining power through legal means rather than by revolution or force, and accordingly changed his tactics, further developing Nazi propaganda.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 05. HYPERINFLATIONGeorge Dumitrache
Hyperinflation affected the German Papiermark, the currency of the Weimar Republic, between 1921 and 1923, primarily in 1923. It caused considerable internal political instability in the country, the occupation of the Ruhr by France and Belgium, and misery for the general populace.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 03. THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES IMPACT ON...George Dumitrache
Thanks to the Treaty of Versailles, Germany's ability to produce revenue-generating coal and iron ore decreased. As war debts and reparations drained its coffers, the German government was unable to pay its debts. Some of the former World War I Allies didn't buy Germany's claim that it couldn't afford to pay.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 02. THE NOVEMBER REVOLUTION 1918George Dumitrache
The German Revolution or November Revolution was a civil conflict in the German Empire at the end of the First World War that resulted in the replacement of the German federal constitutional monarchy with a democratic parliamentary republic that later became known as the Weimar Republic. The revolutionary period lasted from November 1918 until the adoption of the Weimar Constitution in August 1919. Among the factors leading to the revolution were the extreme burdens suffered by the German population during the four years of war, the economic and psychological impacts of the German Empire's defeat by the Allies, and growing social tensions between the general population and the aristocratic and bourgeois elite.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 01. THE EFFECT OF WW1 ON GERMANYGeorge Dumitrache
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 01. THE EFFECT OF WW1 ON GERMANY. This presentation covers the social, economic and political impact of war along with a brief analysis of the physical cost of war.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS - LEAGUE OF NATIONS. The League of Nations was an international organization, headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, created after the First World War to provide a forum for resolving international disputes.
ABYSSINIAN CRISIS. The Abyssinian Crisis was over in 1936. Italy and Mussolini continually ignored the League of Nations and fully annexed Abyssinia on May 9th 1936. The League of Nations was shown to be ineffective. The League had not stood up against one of the strongest members and fulfilled the promise of collective security.
Manchurian Crisis. On September 18, 1931, an explosion destroyed a section of railway track near the city of Mukden. The Japanese, who owned the railway, blamed Chinese nationalists for the incident and used the opportunity to retaliate and invade Manchuria.
05. LEAGUE OF NATIONS - Great Depression and LON.pptxGeorge Dumitrache
GREAT DEPRESSION AND THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS. The Great Depression of 1930-33 meant people turned to extremist dictators such as Hitler and Mussolini, who were keen to invade other countries. This made it hard for the League to maintain peace. The League had some very ambitious plans and ideals – to stop war and make the world a better place.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
2. THE DEMAND
The demand is primarily governed by the size of a country’s population
and its level of economic development.
Growth in energy demand is particularly rapid in newly industrialised
countries.
A country’s energy policy can impact significantly on demand if it
focuses on efficiency and sustainability.
High levels of pollution due to energy consumption can be a strong
stimulus to developing a cleaner energy policy.
3. WORLD ENERGY CONSUMPTION
World energy consumption is the total energy used by all of human
civilization.
Typically measured per year, it involves all energy harnessed from every
energy source, across every country.
World Energy Consumption has deep implications for humanity's social-
economic-political sphere (factors).
4.
5. RENEWABLE ENERGY
The International Energy Agency estimates that, in 2013, total world
energy consumption was 9,301 Mtoe (tonnes of oil) , or 3.89 × 1020
joules, equal to an average power consumption of 12.3 terawatts.
From 2000–2012 coal was the source of energy with the largest growth.
The use of oil and natural gas also had considerable growth, followed by
hydro power and renewable energy.
Renewable energy grew at a rate faster than any other time in history
during this period, which can possibly be explained by an increase in
international investment in renewable energy.
The demand for nuclear energy decreased, possibly due to the
accidents at Chernobyl, Three Mile Island or Fukushima.
6.
7. EXPENDITURES ON ENERGY
In 2011, expenditures on energy totalled over 6 trillion USD, or about
10% of the world gross domestic product (GDP).
Europe spends close to one quarter of the world's energy expenditures,
North America close to 20%, and Japan 6%.
8.
9. PHYSICAL, ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL FACTORS
PHYSICAL FACTORS: Deposits of fossil fuels are only found in a limited
number of locations.
ECONOMIC FACTORS: In poor countries foreign direct investment is
often essential for the development of energy resources.
POLITICAL FACTORS: International agreements such as Kyoto Protocol
can have a considerable influence on the energy decisions of individual
countries.
10. PHYSICAL FACTORS AND FOSSIL FUELS
Deposits of fossil fuels are only found in a limited number of locations.
Fossil fuels are fuels formed by natural processes such as anaerobic
decomposition of buried dead organisms, containing energy originating
in ancient photosynthesis.
The age of the organisms and their resulting fossil fuels is typically
millions of years, and sometimes exceeds 650 million years.
Fossil fuels contain high percentages of carbon and include petroleum,
coal, and natural gas.
Other commonly used derivatives include kerosene and propane.
Fossil fuels range from volatile materials with low carbon: methane,
petroleum, like anthracite coal.
11.
12. ECONOMIC FACTORS
In poor countries foreign direct investment is often essential for the
development of energy resources.
Investment in renewable energy was higher in the world’s poorest
countries than the richest ones for the first time last year, according to
a major new report.
A total of about £196.5bn was spent renewable power and fuels
globally in what was a record year for investment in the sector,
according to the Renewables 2016 report by the Renewable Energy
Policy Network for the 21st Century (Ren21).
But more than £107bn of that total, which doesn’t include large
hydropower schemes and heating and cooling technologies, took place
in developing countries such as China, India and Brazil.
13. INVESTMENTS IN ENERGY
Friends of the Earth said it was "shameful" that the UK was being
outspent by "much poorer countries" and attacked the Government for
failing to create the right environment for investors in renewables.
By the end of 2015, there was enough renewable capacity to supply an
estimated 23.7 per cent of the world’s electricity - a figure the UK
Renewable Energy Association (REA) said showed that there was a
“strong business case” for the industry.
However the REA also lamented “political decisions” by the British
Government that it said were holding back the sectors’ growth and
favouring “more expensive technologies instead”.
14.
15. INVESTMENTS IN ENERGY
Friends of the Earth said it was "shameful" that the UK was being
outspent by "much poorer countries" and attacked the Government for
failing to create the right environment for investors in renewables.
By the end of 2015, there was enough renewable capacity to supply an
estimated 23.7 per cent of the world’s electricity - a figure the UK
Renewable Energy Association (REA) said showed that there was a
“strong business case” for the industry.
However the REA also lamented “political decisions” by the British
Government that it said were holding back the sectors’ growth and
favouring “more expensive technologies instead”.
In 2015 renewables worldwide had the capacity to generate 1,849
gigawatts of power, compared to 1,701 gigawatts in 2014, after the
largest ever annual rise, the Ren21 report said.
16. POLITICAL FACTORS
International agreements such as Kyoto Protocol can have a considerable
influence on the energy decisions of individual countries.
The Kyoto Protocol is an international treaty which extends the 1992
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
that commits State Parties to reduce greenhouse gases emissions, based
on the premise that:
(a) global warming exists
(b) man-made CO2 emissions have caused it
The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in Kyoto, Japan, on 11 December 1997
and entered into force on 16 February 2005.
There are currently 192 parties (Canada withdrew effective December
2012) to the Protocol.