Tourism in Jamaica began in the late 19th century when wealthy visitors arrived to escape cold winters in Europe and North America. The natural beauty of Jamaica's beaches and tropical climate proved attractive to tourists. By the early 20th century, the Jamaican government was actively promoting tourism development through initiatives like an international exhibition. Today, tourism is a vital part of Jamaica's economy, contributing nearly $4 billion annually and employing many workers. Jamaica has worked to develop tourism sustainably through policies favoring local communities and protecting the environment in national parks.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: 11.3 MANUFACTURING AND RELATED SERVICE INDUSTRY. It contains: key terms and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION. Presentation suitable for Cambridge A2 students. It contains: key words and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SUPPLIES. Presentation suitable for Cambridge A2 level students. It contains: key terms and definitions, topic summary, additional works and suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: 11.3 MANUFACTURING AND RELATED SERVICE INDUSTRY. It contains: key terms and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION. Presentation suitable for Cambridge A2 students. It contains: key words and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT: SUSTAINABLE ENERGY SUPPLIES. Presentation suitable for Cambridge A2 level students. It contains: key terms and definitions, topic summary, additional works and suggested websites.
A2 CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY: COASTAL ENVIRONMENTS - CORAL REEFS. It contains: what are coral reefs, the development of corals, growth rates, polyps and algae, reef formation, fringing reefs, barrier reefs, atolls, threats to coral.
A2 Geography Revision for Coastal Environments, subchapter 8.3 Coral Reefs. It is suitable for Year 13 Geography, Cambridge Examination in November 2016. It contains: key terms and definitions, a topic summary, sketches and descriptions, additional work (6 questions for testing your knowledge) and some suggested websites.
A2 Geography Revision for Coastal Environments, subchapter 8.2 Coastal Landforms of Cliffed and Constructive Coasts. It is suitable for Year 13 Geography, Cambridge Examination in November 2016. It contains: key terms and definitions, a topic summary, sketches and descriptions, additional work (6 questions for testing your knowledge) and some suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: 11.4 THE M...George Dumitrache
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: 11.4 THE MANAGEMENT OF INDUSTRIAL CHANGE. It contains: key terms and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
A2 Geography Revision for Coastal Environments, subchapter 8.1 Waves Marine and Subaerial Processes. It is suitable for Year 13 Geography, Cambridge Examination in November 2016. It contains: key terms and definitions, a topic summary, sketches and descriptions, additional work (6 questions for testing your knowledge) and some suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: 11.1 AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS AND FOOD PRODUCTION. It contains: ley terms and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS. Presentation suitable for Cambridge A2 students. It contains: key terms and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: 11.2 THE M...George Dumitrache
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: 11.2 THE MANAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL CHANGE. It contains: key terms and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
A2 CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY: HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS - SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT IN HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS. It contain the case study about Bioengineering in Malaysia.
A2 CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY: HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS - HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS RESULTING FROM MASS MOVEMENTS. It contain case studies: Italian Mudslides 1998, New Zealand Landslip 1979, European Avalanches 1999.
A2 Geography Revision for Coastal Environments, subchapter 8.4 Sustainable Management of Coasts. It is suitable for Year 13 Geography, Cambridge Examination in November 2016. It contains: key terms and definitions, a topic summary, sketches and descriptions, additional work (6 questions for testing your knowledge) and some suggested websites.
Coastal Zone and Small Island States (SIDS) Tourism Planning and Development represents some of the greatest potential travel experiences but also some of the most challenging planning procedures. Potential beach and dune erosion, rising sea levels and accompanying surges, wetland biodiversity protection and marine debris reduction are factors to be integrated into the comprehensive planning and development process. Furthermore approximately 75% of all tourism activities take place in the coastal areas creating pressure on the terrestrial and marine resources. Ecoplan:net has contributed to the tourism planning and development of coastal zones in Asia, Micronesia, North, south and Central Americas and Africa including the southern Red Sea Region.
Cape GEOGRAPHY UNIT 2 - MODULE 2 - TOURISMOral Johnson
Cape GEOGRAPHY UNIT 2 - MODULE 2 - TOURISM
This is the entire notes on tourism for unit 2 CAPE Geography. The information was extracted from the study guide, some websites and the integrated approach by David Waugh.
A2 CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY: COASTAL ENVIRONMENTS - CORAL REEFS. It contains: what are coral reefs, the development of corals, growth rates, polyps and algae, reef formation, fringing reefs, barrier reefs, atolls, threats to coral.
A2 Geography Revision for Coastal Environments, subchapter 8.3 Coral Reefs. It is suitable for Year 13 Geography, Cambridge Examination in November 2016. It contains: key terms and definitions, a topic summary, sketches and descriptions, additional work (6 questions for testing your knowledge) and some suggested websites.
A2 Geography Revision for Coastal Environments, subchapter 8.2 Coastal Landforms of Cliffed and Constructive Coasts. It is suitable for Year 13 Geography, Cambridge Examination in November 2016. It contains: key terms and definitions, a topic summary, sketches and descriptions, additional work (6 questions for testing your knowledge) and some suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: 11.4 THE M...George Dumitrache
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: 11.4 THE MANAGEMENT OF INDUSTRIAL CHANGE. It contains: key terms and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
A2 Geography Revision for Coastal Environments, subchapter 8.1 Waves Marine and Subaerial Processes. It is suitable for Year 13 Geography, Cambridge Examination in November 2016. It contains: key terms and definitions, a topic summary, sketches and descriptions, additional work (6 questions for testing your knowledge) and some suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: 11.1 AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS AND FOOD PRODUCTION. It contains: ley terms and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS. Presentation suitable for Cambridge A2 students. It contains: key terms and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: 11.2 THE M...George Dumitrache
CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY A2 REVISION - PRODUCTION, LOCATION AND CHANGE: 11.2 THE MANAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL CHANGE. It contains: key terms and definitions, topic summary, additional work and suggested websites.
A2 CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY: HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS - SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT IN HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS. It contain the case study about Bioengineering in Malaysia.
A2 CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY: HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS - HAZARDOUS ENVIRONMENTS RESULTING FROM MASS MOVEMENTS. It contain case studies: Italian Mudslides 1998, New Zealand Landslip 1979, European Avalanches 1999.
A2 Geography Revision for Coastal Environments, subchapter 8.4 Sustainable Management of Coasts. It is suitable for Year 13 Geography, Cambridge Examination in November 2016. It contains: key terms and definitions, a topic summary, sketches and descriptions, additional work (6 questions for testing your knowledge) and some suggested websites.
Coastal Zone and Small Island States (SIDS) Tourism Planning and Development represents some of the greatest potential travel experiences but also some of the most challenging planning procedures. Potential beach and dune erosion, rising sea levels and accompanying surges, wetland biodiversity protection and marine debris reduction are factors to be integrated into the comprehensive planning and development process. Furthermore approximately 75% of all tourism activities take place in the coastal areas creating pressure on the terrestrial and marine resources. Ecoplan:net has contributed to the tourism planning and development of coastal zones in Asia, Micronesia, North, south and Central Americas and Africa including the southern Red Sea Region.
Cape GEOGRAPHY UNIT 2 - MODULE 2 - TOURISMOral Johnson
Cape GEOGRAPHY UNIT 2 - MODULE 2 - TOURISM
This is the entire notes on tourism for unit 2 CAPE Geography. The information was extracted from the study guide, some websites and the integrated approach by David Waugh.
Alevel Geography Global Interdependence Case Study- The management of a touri...JamieHill67
The ultimate guide to the Global interdependence topic of ALevel Geography.
This Powerpoint case study contains extensive detailed information which was researched thoroughly.
Economic environmental and social aspects of Cruise Tourism by Mr. Harun Sişm...ASCAME
Presentation about: Economic environmental and social aspects of Cruise Tourism and facts of Turkish cruise sector.
The Mediterranean Ports Summit is organised by the Association of Mediterranean Chambers of Commerce and Industry (ASCAME), the Consorci de la Zona Franca de Barcelona with the collaboration of Barcelona Chamber in the framework of SIL2015.
The Mediterranean Port Summit 2015 is the largest annual Ports and Shipping conferences throughout Europe, the Middle East and Africa. This event in Barcelona is the gathering of maritime industry leaders. The program features many top industry professionals sharing their perspectives on port investments and terminal developments around the region, providing invaluable insights into the numerous opportunities in this sector of Commerce.
The Mediterranean Ports and Shipping Summit focused on key concepts such as institutional and fiscal reforms; the construction, extension and modernization of port platforms; the search for management and collaboration systems; the promotion of alliances to strengthen the position of world leadership; Mediterranean Ports a Gateway to Europe, Asia and Africa; the Port, City and Cruise Tourism, as well as the response of Mediterranean ports to the challenges brought by 800 million people.
concept of carrying capacity in Tourism with examples
Description of over tourism
Impact of over tourism on destinations and their cultural, social and environmental resources
Examples of destinations shutting down due to over tourism
Why is it important to consider carrying capacity when planning a destination for tourism purpose
GEOGRAPHY IGCSE: TOURISM - CASE STUDY TOURISM IN UNITED KINGDOM.George Dumitrache
GEOGRAPHY IGCSE: TOURISM - CASE STUDY TOURISM IN UNITED KINGDOM. It contains: models of tourist development, exploration, involvement, development, consolidation, stagnation, decline, rejuvenation, UK national parks, the Lake District national park.
Similar to A2 CAMBRIDGE GEOGRAPHY: GLOBAL INTERDEPENDENCE - THE MANAGEMENT OF A TOURIST DESTINATION - JAMAICA (20)
07. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - REICHSTAG FIRE SOURCESGeorge Dumitrache
07. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - REICHSTAG FIRE
On February 27, 1933, the German parliament (Reichstag) building burned down. The Nazi leadership and its coalition partners used the fire to claim that Communists were planning a violent uprising. They claimed that emergency legislation was needed to prevent this. The resulting act, commonly known as the Reichstag Fire Decree, abolished a number of constitutional protections and paved the way for Nazi dictatorship.
05. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - HITLER CONSOLIDATING POWER 1933-34.PPTXGeorge Dumitrache
05. DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - HITLER CONSOLIDATING POWER 1933-34.PPTX
Following Hitler’s appointment as chancellor the Nazis were finally in a position of power.
However, this power was limited, as the Nazis were just one party in a three party coalition government, under President Hindenburg.
This topic will explore how the Nazis managed to eliminate their opposition and consolidate ultimate power over Germany, whilst maintaining an illusion of democracy.
It will first explore this topic in chronological order, from the Reichstag Fire through to the death of President Hindenburg, and then explore it thematically in the last section. On the 31 January 1933, Hitler, conscious of his lack of a majority in the Reichstag, immediately called for new elections to try and strengthen his position. The Nazis aimed to increase their share of the vote so that they would have a majority in the Reichstag. This would allow them to rule unopposed and unhindered by coalition governments.
Over the next two months, they launched themselves into an intense election campaign.
On 27 February 1933, as the campaign moved into its final, frantic days, the Reichstag, the German Parliament building, was set on fire and burnt down. An atmosphere of panic and terror followed the event.
This continued when a young Dutch communist, Van der Lubbe was arrested for the crime.
The Nazi Party used the atmosphere of panic to their advantage, encouraging anti-communism. Göring declared that the communists had planned a national uprising to overthrow the Weimar Republic. This hysteria helped to turn the public against the communists, one of the Nazis main opponents, and 4000 people were imprisoned.
The day after the fire, Hindenburg signed the Emergency Decree for the Protection of the German People. On the 28 February 1933, President Hindenburg signed the Emergency Decree for the Protection of the German People. This decree suspended the democratic aspects of the Weimar Republic and declared a state of emergency.
This decree gave the Nazis a legal basis for the persecution and oppression of any opponents, who were be framed as traitors to the republic. People could be imprisoned for any or no reason.
The decree also removed basic personal freedoms, such as the freedom of speech, the right to own property, and the right to trial before imprisonment.
Through these aspects the Nazis suppressed any opposition to their power, and were able to start the road from democracy to a dictatorship. The atmosphere of uncertainty following the Reichstag Fire secured many voters for the Nazi party.
The SA also ran a violent campaign of terror against any and all opponents of the Nazi regime. Many were terrified of voting of at all, and many turned to voting for the Nazi Party out of fear for their own safety. The elections were neither free or fair.
On the 5 March 1933, the elections took place, with an extremely high turnout of 89%.
The Nazis secured 43.9% of the vote.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: NAZI REGIME - 04. HITLER BECOMING CHANCELLOR 1933George Dumitrache
Hitler was not immediately appointed chancellor after the success of the July 1932 elections, despite being leader of the largest party in the Reichstag. It took the economic and political instability (with two more chancellors failing to stabilise the situation) to worsen, and the support of the conservative elite, to convince Hindenburg to appoint Hitler.
Hitler was sworn in as the chancellor of Germany on the 30 January 1933. The Nazis were now in power.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 08. NAZIS IN THE WILDERNESSGeorge Dumitrache
The “Lean Years” (also called the "wilderness" years) of Hitler and the Nazi Party in Germany refer to the period between 1924 and 1928 when the Nazi party did not have high levels of support and still suffered from humiliation over the Munich Putsch. Why where these years “lean”?
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 07. STRESEMMAN ERA 1924-1929George Dumitrache
The period 1924-1929 was a time when the Weimar economy recovered and cultural life in Germany flourished. This dramatic turnabout happened in large part because of the role played by Gustav Stresemann who became Chancellor in August 1923 during the hyperinflation crisis.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 06. THE BEER HALL PUTSCH 1923George Dumitrache
The Beer Hall Putsch, also known as the Munich Putsch, was a failed coup d'état by Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP) leader Adolf Hitler, Generalquartiermeister Erich Ludendorff and other Kampfbund leaders in Munich, Bavaria, on 8–9 November 1923, during the Weimar Republic. Approximately two thousand Nazis marched on the Feldherrnhalle, in the city centre, but were confronted by a police cordon, which resulted in the deaths of 16 Nazi Party members and four police officers. Hitler escaped immediate arrest and was spirited off to safety in the countryside. After two days, he was arrested and charged with treason. The putsch brought Hitler to the attention of the German nation for the first time and generated front-page headlines in newspapers around the world. His arrest was followed by a 24-day trial, which was widely publicised and gave him a platform to express his nationalist sentiments to the nation. Hitler was found guilty of treason and sentenced to five years in Landsberg Prison, where he dictated Mein Kampf to fellow prisoners Emil Maurice and Rudolf Hess. On 20 December 1924, having served only nine months, Hitler was released. Once released, Hitler redirected his focus towards obtaining power through legal means rather than by revolution or force, and accordingly changed his tactics, further developing Nazi propaganda.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 05. HYPERINFLATIONGeorge Dumitrache
Hyperinflation affected the German Papiermark, the currency of the Weimar Republic, between 1921 and 1923, primarily in 1923. It caused considerable internal political instability in the country, the occupation of the Ruhr by France and Belgium, and misery for the general populace.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 03. THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES IMPACT ON...George Dumitrache
Thanks to the Treaty of Versailles, Germany's ability to produce revenue-generating coal and iron ore decreased. As war debts and reparations drained its coffers, the German government was unable to pay its debts. Some of the former World War I Allies didn't buy Germany's claim that it couldn't afford to pay.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 02. THE NOVEMBER REVOLUTION 1918George Dumitrache
The German Revolution or November Revolution was a civil conflict in the German Empire at the end of the First World War that resulted in the replacement of the German federal constitutional monarchy with a democratic parliamentary republic that later became known as the Weimar Republic. The revolutionary period lasted from November 1918 until the adoption of the Weimar Constitution in August 1919. Among the factors leading to the revolution were the extreme burdens suffered by the German population during the four years of war, the economic and psychological impacts of the German Empire's defeat by the Allies, and growing social tensions between the general population and the aristocratic and bourgeois elite.
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 01. THE EFFECT OF WW1 ON GERMANYGeorge Dumitrache
DEPTH STUDY GERMANY: WEIMAR REPUBLIC - 01. THE EFFECT OF WW1 ON GERMANY. This presentation covers the social, economic and political impact of war along with a brief analysis of the physical cost of war.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS - LEAGUE OF NATIONS. The League of Nations was an international organization, headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, created after the First World War to provide a forum for resolving international disputes.
ABYSSINIAN CRISIS. The Abyssinian Crisis was over in 1936. Italy and Mussolini continually ignored the League of Nations and fully annexed Abyssinia on May 9th 1936. The League of Nations was shown to be ineffective. The League had not stood up against one of the strongest members and fulfilled the promise of collective security.
Manchurian Crisis. On September 18, 1931, an explosion destroyed a section of railway track near the city of Mukden. The Japanese, who owned the railway, blamed Chinese nationalists for the incident and used the opportunity to retaliate and invade Manchuria.
05. LEAGUE OF NATIONS - Great Depression and LON.pptxGeorge Dumitrache
GREAT DEPRESSION AND THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS. The Great Depression of 1930-33 meant people turned to extremist dictators such as Hitler and Mussolini, who were keen to invade other countries. This made it hard for the League to maintain peace. The League had some very ambitious plans and ideals – to stop war and make the world a better place.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
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Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
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This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
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This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
2. WHAT IS A TOURIST ATTRACTION?
A tourist attraction is a place where tourists visit, for its natural or cultural
value, historical significance, natural or built beauty, offering leisure and
amusement.
Natural beauty such as beaches, tropical island resorts with coral reefs,
national parks, mountains, deserts and forests, are examples of traditional
tourist attractions.
Cultural tourist attractions include historical places, monuments, ancient
temples, zoos, museums and art galleries, botanical gardens, buildings and
structures like castles or bridges, theme parks and carnivals, living history
museums, historic trains and cultural events.
Many tourist attractions are also landmarks.
3.
4. TOURISM IN JAMAICA – THE BEGINNING
Christopher Columbus - on his inaugural voyage to Jamaica - was struck by
the island’s beauty.
These natural attributes proved to be invaluable assets when in 1891 the
government sought to explore the “economic potential of the colony.”
The decision to stage an “International Exhibition” in Jamaica during that
year fuelled the idea that “the Exhibition would bring many to Jamaica for the
first time who would make known the advantages of Jamaica as a winter
resort to others and thus lay the foundation for a steady and increasing flow
of tourists to the island.”
This signalled the “beginning of government’s commitment” to the
development of the tourist industry.
8. TOURISM IN JAMAICA – THE BEGINNING
Jamaica is the third largest of the Caribbean islands.
Tourism (Figure 13.12 on next slide) originated in the latter part of the
nineteenth century when a limited number of affluent people arrived to
avoid the cold winters in the UK and North America.
The first tourist hotels were built in Montego Bay and Port Antonio.
9.
10.
11. TOURISM IN JAMAICA – POTENTIAL DESTINATION
Advances in transportation made Jamaica a potential destination for an
increasing number of people.
In 2005 a total of 2,614,506 visited Jamaica. This comprised: 1,386,996
foreign nationals, 91,667 non-resident Jamaicans and 1,135,843 cruise
passengers.
The high or ‘winter’ season runs from mid-December to mid-April.
The rainy season extends from May to November. About 25% of hotel
workers are laid off during the off-season.
12.
13. TOURISM IN JAMAICA – GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
Jamaica is an example of a tourist area where there has been clear evidence
of growth and development. As the industry has expanded, its linkages with
other industries have developed as well.
Tourism has become an increasingly vital part of Jamaica’s economy in recent
decades (Table 13.2). In 2007 the direct contribution to GDP was almost $1.2
billion; with all the indirect benefits added the figure was $3.8 billion.
The contribution of tourism to total employment has also risen substantially.
14. JAMAICANISATION
During the 1970s the Jamaican government
introduced ‘Jamaicanisation’ policies
designed to attract much-needed foreign
investment in tourism.
Policies included comparatively high wages
and special industry taxes that went directly
into social development, health care and
education.
Jamaica has been determined to learn from
the ‘mistakes’ of other countries and
ensure that the population will gain real
benefits from the growth of tourism.
15. GLOSSARY
Growth (of tourism) refers to the increase in numbers of tourists.
Development (of tourism) refers to the expansion of tourism activities such
as adventure tourism and ecotourism.
16.
17. ATTRACTIONS
Jamaica’s north coast, with its pleasant weather and white-sand beaches, is
the centre of the island’s tourist industry.
The main resorts are Montego Bay, Ocho Rios and Port Antonio, although
many tourists also visit the capital city, Kingston.
While sun and sand are the main attractions, the island also has other
attributes including dolphin parks, nature reserves, museums and galleries.
There are excellent facilities for a range of sports.
Jamaica’s cuisine is an attraction for many visitors.
There are many festivals and entertainment events during the year, often
featuring Jamaica’s native music, reggae.
18.
19. NATIONAL PARKS
Figure 13.12 shows the location of Jamaica’s three national parks.
A further six sites have been identified for future protection. The Jamaican
government sees the designation of the parks as a positive environmental
impact of tourism.
Entry fees to the national parks pay for conservation. The two marine parks
are attempting to conserve the coral reef environments off the west coast of
Jamaica.
They are at risk of damage from overfishing, industrial pollution and mass
tourism.
20.
21. ECOTOURISM
Ecotourism is a developing sector of the industry with, for example, raft trips
on the Rio Grande river increasing in popularity.
Tourists are taken downstream in very small groups.
The rafts, which rely solely on manpower, leave singly with a significant time
gap between them to minimise any disturbance to the peace of the forest.
Ecotourism is seen as the most sustainable form of tourist activity.
Considerable efforts are being made to promote community tourism so that
more money filters down to the local population and small communities.
Community tourism is seen as an important aspect of ‘pro-poor tourism’.
22.
23. COMMUNITY TOURISM
Community tourism fosters opportunities at the community level for local
people. Part of the tourist income gained is set aside for projects that provide
benefits to the community as a whole.
Pro-poor tourism results in increased net benefits for poor people.