The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
A framework for IoT-enabled environment aware traffic management IJECEIAES
Vehicular traffic has increased across all over the world especially in urban areas due to many reasons including the reduction in the cost of vehicles, degradation of the quality of public transport services and increased wealth of people. The traffic congestion created by these vehicles causes many problems. Increased environment pollution is one of the most serious negative effects of traffic congestion. Noxious gases and fine particles emitted by vehicles affect people in different ways depending on their age and present health conditions. Professionals and policy makers have devised schemes for better managing traffic in congested areas. These schemes suffer from many shortcomings including the inability to adapt to dynamic changes of traffic patterns. With the development of technology, new applications like Google maps help drivers to select less congested routes. But, the identification of the best route takes only the present traffic condition on different road segments presently. In this paper the authors propose a system that helps drivers select routes based on the present and expected environment pollution levels at critical points in a given area.
THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN FUTURE TECHNOLOGYAM Publications
Artificial intelligence (AI) can be defined as the simulation of human intellect processes by machines particularly computer system. The processes here include learning, self-correction, and reasoning. Knowledge of engineering has been harnessed and used in AI. Engineering together with information technology enables thorough research that enables the machines to process information at complex levels. This allows the machine to do the sophisticated task just like human. AI technology application is developing at a light speed through the application of big data which is set the platform for a high volume and velocity of data that enables automation processes. AI is expected to have a strong effect on the future of technology thus making the human life simplified. The research focuses on the role of the AI in future technology. Achieving this will encompass examination of the real-life sectors where AI will be applied in future.
Usability Engineering, Human Computer Interaction and Allied Sciences: With R...Scientific Review SR
Human Computer Interaction is actually responsible for the designing of the computing technologies keeping in mind the aspects of Interaction. Some of the fields viz. Man-Machine Interaction (MMI), User Experience Designing, User Experience Design, Human Centered Designing etc and importantly all these systems and technologies are dedicated to the designing of interface of various tools and systems such as computers, laptops, electronic systems, smart phones etc. Information Technology field is growing rapidly and there are various technologies are increasing viz. Big Data Management, Cloud Computing, Green Computing, Data Science, Internet of Things (IoT), HCI, Usability Engineering etc. Usability Engineering is gaining as a field of study as well and dedicated in creation of the higher usability and user friendliness of the electronic tools and products. In this field few aspects and technologies are most important and emerging viz. Human cognition, behavioral Research Methods, Quantitative techniques etc for the development of usability systems. Designing, implementation, usability even in multimedia material viz. audio-video may also practice in the Usability Engineering and allied fields. Wireframes including few other prototypes are required in maintaining of the better and healthy man and machine interaction. As the field is growing therefore, it is applicable in other sectors and allied areas and among these agriculture is important one. In agricultural sector different applications of information technologies are increasing and among this Usability Engineering and HCI are important one. In pre production and also in post production; directly and indirectly this technology is emerging and growing. This paper talks about the basics of this technologies and also its current and future technologies with reference to academic potentialities of this branch in Agricultural Informatics programs.
Integrating ict in traffic police department in uganda design and development...Alexander Decker
This document describes the development of a Traffic Case Records Information System (TCRIS) in Uganda to improve the management of traffic case records. The current manual system of managing traffic cases was prone to errors, loss of information, and unauthorized access. The researcher designed and developed TCRIS to electronically capture offender data, photos, fingerprints, traffic offenses, and case details in a centralized database. Various programming languages were used to develop easy to use interfaces for inserting, retrieving, and updating user information. The goal of the system was to more efficiently store and share traffic case information between government agencies working with the police.
Artificial Intelligence and Human Computer Interactionijtsrd
Computers are becoming ubiquitous and are playing significant roles in our lives. Domestic digital devices for leisure and entertainment are becoming increasingly important. To be usable, every computing device must allow for some form of interaction with its user. The human computer interaction is the point of communication between the human user and the computer. AI has been gradually being incorporated into human computer interaction HCI . As AI systems become more and more ubiquitous, it is imperative to understand those systems from a human perspective. This paper provides an introduction to the “marriage†between HCI and AI. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Uwakwe C. Chukwu | Abayomi Ajayi-Majebi | Sarhan M. Musa "Artificial Intelligence and Human-Computer Interaction" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47491.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/47491/artificial-intelligence-and-humancomputer-interaction/matthew-n-o-sadiku
Android gives you a world-class platform for creating apps and games for Android users everywhere, as well as an open marketplace for distributing to them instantly.
Entrepreneurial spirit acceptance and adoption of e commerce in the health se...hunypink
This document summarizes a research study that examined factors influencing the acceptance and adoption of e-commerce and information communication technologies (ICTs) by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the health sector in Kenya. The study used a cross-sectional survey design and administered 172 questionnaires to employees of 17 health-related SMEs. A logit regression was used to analyze how individual, technological, and external environmental factors affected ICT adoption. The results indicated that age, the CEO's ICT knowledge, perceived relative advantage of ICT, government ICT policies, and pressure from suppliers/customers were the main determinants of ICT adoption among the SMEs. The study recommended developing differentiated ICT policies, incorporating computer
A framework for IoT-enabled environment aware traffic management IJECEIAES
Vehicular traffic has increased across all over the world especially in urban areas due to many reasons including the reduction in the cost of vehicles, degradation of the quality of public transport services and increased wealth of people. The traffic congestion created by these vehicles causes many problems. Increased environment pollution is one of the most serious negative effects of traffic congestion. Noxious gases and fine particles emitted by vehicles affect people in different ways depending on their age and present health conditions. Professionals and policy makers have devised schemes for better managing traffic in congested areas. These schemes suffer from many shortcomings including the inability to adapt to dynamic changes of traffic patterns. With the development of technology, new applications like Google maps help drivers to select less congested routes. But, the identification of the best route takes only the present traffic condition on different road segments presently. In this paper the authors propose a system that helps drivers select routes based on the present and expected environment pollution levels at critical points in a given area.
THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN FUTURE TECHNOLOGYAM Publications
Artificial intelligence (AI) can be defined as the simulation of human intellect processes by machines particularly computer system. The processes here include learning, self-correction, and reasoning. Knowledge of engineering has been harnessed and used in AI. Engineering together with information technology enables thorough research that enables the machines to process information at complex levels. This allows the machine to do the sophisticated task just like human. AI technology application is developing at a light speed through the application of big data which is set the platform for a high volume and velocity of data that enables automation processes. AI is expected to have a strong effect on the future of technology thus making the human life simplified. The research focuses on the role of the AI in future technology. Achieving this will encompass examination of the real-life sectors where AI will be applied in future.
Usability Engineering, Human Computer Interaction and Allied Sciences: With R...Scientific Review SR
Human Computer Interaction is actually responsible for the designing of the computing technologies keeping in mind the aspects of Interaction. Some of the fields viz. Man-Machine Interaction (MMI), User Experience Designing, User Experience Design, Human Centered Designing etc and importantly all these systems and technologies are dedicated to the designing of interface of various tools and systems such as computers, laptops, electronic systems, smart phones etc. Information Technology field is growing rapidly and there are various technologies are increasing viz. Big Data Management, Cloud Computing, Green Computing, Data Science, Internet of Things (IoT), HCI, Usability Engineering etc. Usability Engineering is gaining as a field of study as well and dedicated in creation of the higher usability and user friendliness of the electronic tools and products. In this field few aspects and technologies are most important and emerging viz. Human cognition, behavioral Research Methods, Quantitative techniques etc for the development of usability systems. Designing, implementation, usability even in multimedia material viz. audio-video may also practice in the Usability Engineering and allied fields. Wireframes including few other prototypes are required in maintaining of the better and healthy man and machine interaction. As the field is growing therefore, it is applicable in other sectors and allied areas and among these agriculture is important one. In agricultural sector different applications of information technologies are increasing and among this Usability Engineering and HCI are important one. In pre production and also in post production; directly and indirectly this technology is emerging and growing. This paper talks about the basics of this technologies and also its current and future technologies with reference to academic potentialities of this branch in Agricultural Informatics programs.
Integrating ict in traffic police department in uganda design and development...Alexander Decker
This document describes the development of a Traffic Case Records Information System (TCRIS) in Uganda to improve the management of traffic case records. The current manual system of managing traffic cases was prone to errors, loss of information, and unauthorized access. The researcher designed and developed TCRIS to electronically capture offender data, photos, fingerprints, traffic offenses, and case details in a centralized database. Various programming languages were used to develop easy to use interfaces for inserting, retrieving, and updating user information. The goal of the system was to more efficiently store and share traffic case information between government agencies working with the police.
Artificial Intelligence and Human Computer Interactionijtsrd
Computers are becoming ubiquitous and are playing significant roles in our lives. Domestic digital devices for leisure and entertainment are becoming increasingly important. To be usable, every computing device must allow for some form of interaction with its user. The human computer interaction is the point of communication between the human user and the computer. AI has been gradually being incorporated into human computer interaction HCI . As AI systems become more and more ubiquitous, it is imperative to understand those systems from a human perspective. This paper provides an introduction to the “marriage†between HCI and AI. Matthew N. O. Sadiku | Uwakwe C. Chukwu | Abayomi Ajayi-Majebi | Sarhan M. Musa "Artificial Intelligence and Human-Computer Interaction" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-6 , October 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd47491.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/47491/artificial-intelligence-and-humancomputer-interaction/matthew-n-o-sadiku
Android gives you a world-class platform for creating apps and games for Android users everywhere, as well as an open marketplace for distributing to them instantly.
Entrepreneurial spirit acceptance and adoption of e commerce in the health se...hunypink
This document summarizes a research study that examined factors influencing the acceptance and adoption of e-commerce and information communication technologies (ICTs) by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the health sector in Kenya. The study used a cross-sectional survey design and administered 172 questionnaires to employees of 17 health-related SMEs. A logit regression was used to analyze how individual, technological, and external environmental factors affected ICT adoption. The results indicated that age, the CEO's ICT knowledge, perceived relative advantage of ICT, government ICT policies, and pressure from suppliers/customers were the main determinants of ICT adoption among the SMEs. The study recommended developing differentiated ICT policies, incorporating computer
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The study analyzed 80 milk samples from cows, buffaloes, goats and sheep to evaluate factors affecting milk composition. The average fat, protein and lactose contents varied between species. Values differed from standards due to season, nutrition, lactation stage. Early lactation saw lower fat and protein but higher lactose. Late lactation had higher fat and protein but lower lactose. Winter milk had lower lactose but higher protein than summer. Feeding and lactation stage also impacted composition but disease reduced all constituents. Season and breed influenced composition the most.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
This document summarizes a study on the suitability of soils for irrigation under the command area of the Gomal Zam Dam Multipurpose Project in Pakistan. Soil samples from 85 locations were analyzed for their physical and chemical properties. It was found that 8.23% of the study area had highly suitable soils, 61.17% had moderately suitable soils, and 25.88% had marginally suitable soils. Some areas totaling 4.7% were unsuitable due to physical limitations like steep slopes or stones. The chemical factors of salinity and lime content were generally not limiting. Maps were produced showing the classification of different soil parameters and overall land suitability classes. Ridge planting and salt-tolerant crops were recommended
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
This document summarizes the effects of scaling on the operation of a low voltage operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) in different CMOS process technologies. It describes the design of a single output OTA topology that uses a minimal number of transistors between the supply voltage and ground to operate at low voltages. Simulation results show that scaling to smaller feature sizes (90nm vs 180nm vs 350nm) increases the OTA's bandwidth, transconductance, and stability while reducing total harmonic distortion and power dissipation. Scaling allows higher frequency operation and lower power consumption in analog circuits like OTAs.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
This document summarizes a study on controlling post-harvest bacterial diseases of tomatoes in Abia State, Nigeria. The study assessed the effects of pre-heat treatments and plant extracts on bacterial soft rot caused by Erwinia carotovora and fruit spot caused by Xanthomonas vesicatoria. Subjecting tomato fruits to 50°C for 10 minutes provided the longest shelf life and was most effective at controlling the diseases. Plant extracts from neem, bitter kola, ginger, black pepper, and nutmeg were also effective at inhibiting bacterial growth in vitro compared to untreated controls. Cold water extracts of neem, ginger, and black pepper inhibited bacterial growth the most.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
This document summarizes a study on using spinach plants to remove copper and iron from polluted water through rhizofilteration and phytoextraction. The study involved planting spinach in pots with synthetic wastewater containing different concentrations of copper and iron over various time periods. The results showed that spinach was highly effective at accumulating metals, removing 86.5% of copper and 85.9% of iron from the water through rhizofilteration. The highest accumulation of metals occurred in the spinach leaves rather than the roots or stems. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that spinach is a good candidate for phytoremediation of copper and iron pollution from water.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
This document presents a study that uses time series analysis and ARIMA modeling to analyze historical data on the rate of influx of refugees into Kenya from 1993 to 2010 and forecast future refugee numbers. The study collected annual refugee influx data, analyzed it using autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation, fitted an appropriate ARIMA model, and used the model to forecast refugee numbers in Kenya. The goal was to help authorities plan responses to the increasing refugee burden.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
FUTURE AND CHALLENGES OF INTERNET OF THINGS ijcsit
The document discusses the future challenges of the Internet of Things (IoT). It outlines technical challenges related to connectivity, compatibility, longevity, standards, security, and intelligent analysis. Business challenges involve investment and developing sustainable revenue models. Societal challenges include changing demands, new devices, costs, and ensuring customer trust. Legal challenges involve establishing laws, regulations, and policies around IoT. The document also discusses myths around IoT related to sensors, mobile data, data volume, data centers, interoperability standards, privacy, security, and limited vendors.
The world is moving forward at a fast pace, and the credit goes to ever growing technology. One such concept is IOT (Internet of things) with which automation is no longer a virtual reality. IOT connects various non-living objects through the internet and enables them to share information with their community network to automate processes for humans and makes their lives easier. The paper presents the future challenges of IoT , such as the technical (connectivity , compatibility and longevity , standards , intelligent analysis and actions , security), business ( investment , modest revenue model etc. ), societal (changing demands , new devices, expense, customer confidence etc. ) and legal challenges ( laws, regulations, procedures, policies etc. ). A section also discusses the various myths that might hamper the progress of IOT, security of data being the most critical factor of all. An optimistic approach to people in adopting the unfolding changes brought by IOT will also help in its growth.
DEFINING ICT IN A BOUNDARYLESS WORLD: THE DEVELOPMENT OF A WORKING HIERARCHYIJMIT JOURNAL
Subsequent to rapid information and communication technology development, the scope of the definition of
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT or ICTs) has been utilized within diverse contexts
including economic development, education, IT, business and personal usage. A review of academic
literature, trade publications and general information was undertaken to establish a hierarchy of
applications for the term ICT or ICTs.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The study analyzed 80 milk samples from cows, buffaloes, goats and sheep to evaluate factors affecting milk composition. The average fat, protein and lactose contents varied between species. Values differed from standards due to season, nutrition, lactation stage. Early lactation saw lower fat and protein but higher lactose. Late lactation had higher fat and protein but lower lactose. Winter milk had lower lactose but higher protein than summer. Feeding and lactation stage also impacted composition but disease reduced all constituents. Season and breed influenced composition the most.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
This document summarizes a study on the suitability of soils for irrigation under the command area of the Gomal Zam Dam Multipurpose Project in Pakistan. Soil samples from 85 locations were analyzed for their physical and chemical properties. It was found that 8.23% of the study area had highly suitable soils, 61.17% had moderately suitable soils, and 25.88% had marginally suitable soils. Some areas totaling 4.7% were unsuitable due to physical limitations like steep slopes or stones. The chemical factors of salinity and lime content were generally not limiting. Maps were produced showing the classification of different soil parameters and overall land suitability classes. Ridge planting and salt-tolerant crops were recommended
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The papers for publication in The International Journal of Engineering& Science are selected through rigorous peer reviews to ensure originality, timeliness, relevance, and readability
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
This document summarizes the effects of scaling on the operation of a low voltage operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) in different CMOS process technologies. It describes the design of a single output OTA topology that uses a minimal number of transistors between the supply voltage and ground to operate at low voltages. Simulation results show that scaling to smaller feature sizes (90nm vs 180nm vs 350nm) increases the OTA's bandwidth, transconductance, and stability while reducing total harmonic distortion and power dissipation. Scaling allows higher frequency operation and lower power consumption in analog circuits like OTAs.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
This document summarizes a study on controlling post-harvest bacterial diseases of tomatoes in Abia State, Nigeria. The study assessed the effects of pre-heat treatments and plant extracts on bacterial soft rot caused by Erwinia carotovora and fruit spot caused by Xanthomonas vesicatoria. Subjecting tomato fruits to 50°C for 10 minutes provided the longest shelf life and was most effective at controlling the diseases. Plant extracts from neem, bitter kola, ginger, black pepper, and nutmeg were also effective at inhibiting bacterial growth in vitro compared to untreated controls. Cold water extracts of neem, ginger, and black pepper inhibited bacterial growth the most.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
This document summarizes a study on using spinach plants to remove copper and iron from polluted water through rhizofilteration and phytoextraction. The study involved planting spinach in pots with synthetic wastewater containing different concentrations of copper and iron over various time periods. The results showed that spinach was highly effective at accumulating metals, removing 86.5% of copper and 85.9% of iron from the water through rhizofilteration. The highest accumulation of metals occurred in the spinach leaves rather than the roots or stems. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that spinach is a good candidate for phytoremediation of copper and iron pollution from water.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
This document presents a study that uses time series analysis and ARIMA modeling to analyze historical data on the rate of influx of refugees into Kenya from 1993 to 2010 and forecast future refugee numbers. The study collected annual refugee influx data, analyzed it using autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation, fitted an appropriate ARIMA model, and used the model to forecast refugee numbers in Kenya. The goal was to help authorities plan responses to the increasing refugee burden.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
FUTURE AND CHALLENGES OF INTERNET OF THINGS ijcsit
The document discusses the future challenges of the Internet of Things (IoT). It outlines technical challenges related to connectivity, compatibility, longevity, standards, security, and intelligent analysis. Business challenges involve investment and developing sustainable revenue models. Societal challenges include changing demands, new devices, costs, and ensuring customer trust. Legal challenges involve establishing laws, regulations, and policies around IoT. The document also discusses myths around IoT related to sensors, mobile data, data volume, data centers, interoperability standards, privacy, security, and limited vendors.
The world is moving forward at a fast pace, and the credit goes to ever growing technology. One such concept is IOT (Internet of things) with which automation is no longer a virtual reality. IOT connects various non-living objects through the internet and enables them to share information with their community network to automate processes for humans and makes their lives easier. The paper presents the future challenges of IoT , such as the technical (connectivity , compatibility and longevity , standards , intelligent analysis and actions , security), business ( investment , modest revenue model etc. ), societal (changing demands , new devices, expense, customer confidence etc. ) and legal challenges ( laws, regulations, procedures, policies etc. ). A section also discusses the various myths that might hamper the progress of IOT, security of data being the most critical factor of all. An optimistic approach to people in adopting the unfolding changes brought by IOT will also help in its growth.
DEFINING ICT IN A BOUNDARYLESS WORLD: THE DEVELOPMENT OF A WORKING HIERARCHYIJMIT JOURNAL
Subsequent to rapid information and communication technology development, the scope of the definition of
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT or ICTs) has been utilized within diverse contexts
including economic development, education, IT, business and personal usage. A review of academic
literature, trade publications and general information was undertaken to establish a hierarchy of
applications for the term ICT or ICTs.
The Global Information Technology Report 2013 analyzes the state of networked readiness in 144 economies, accounting for over 98% of global GDP. It features the latest Networked Readiness Index rankings and essays exploring how ICTs can promote economic growth and job creation in an increasingly connected world. Case studies examine national policies for developing digital technologies. The report is a collaborative project between the World Economic Forum and INSEAD.
This document is the introduction to the Global Information Technology Report 2013 published by the World Economic Forum. It provides an overview of the report, which analyzes the state of information and communication technology (ICT) readiness in 144 economies using the Networked Readiness Index. The report aims to identify how ICTs can support economic growth and job creation. It features essays on topics such as national broadband plans, the impact of mobile services, health IT, and re-establishing EU competitiveness through telecommunications investment. Country case studies examine ICT strategies in Colombia, Rwanda, and Latin America. The introduction concludes that ICTs are increasingly recognized as important for innovation, growth, and high-quality jobs.
The Global Information Technology Report 2013سعادة كرم
The Global Information Technology Report 2013 analyzes the state of networked readiness in 144 economies, accounting for over 98% of global GDP. It features the latest Networked Readiness Index rankings and essays exploring how ICTs can promote economic growth and job creation in an increasingly connected world. Case studies examine national policies for developing digital technologies. The report is a collaborative project between the World Economic Forum and INSEAD.
The Global Information Technology Report 2013 analyzes the state of networked readiness in 144 economies, accounting for over 98% of global GDP. It features the latest Networked Readiness Index rankings and essays exploring how information and communication technologies can promote economic growth and job creation in an increasingly connected world. Case studies examine national policies for developing digital technologies. The report is a collaborative project between the World Economic Forum, INSEAD, and industry experts.
This document is the preface to the Global Information Technology Report 2013. It discusses how ICTs can support economic growth and job creation in the current global economic environment. The preface notes that while uncertainty remains, developed economies are focusing on competitiveness and fighting unemployment, while developing economies aim to sustain growth through innovation. It emphasizes the role of ICTs in driving efficiency, innovation, growth and jobs. The preface provides context on the GITR series, which has monitored ICT advances and networked readiness over the past decade. It highlights how the report uses the Networked Readiness Index to identify factors and impacts of ICT adoption, and responsibilities of different actors. The Global Information Technology Report 2013 features the latest NRI
Computer use in Bangladesh began in the 1960s with IBM mainframe computers and increased gradually over the following decades. By the 1980s, personal computers became more common and the first Bengali script was developed for computers. Currently, computers are widely used in education, business, communication, healthcare, engineering, entertainment, and banking. While computer use is growing, challenges remain around expertise, infrastructure, costs, and data security. However, the information technology sector is expanding rapidly and seen as an important growth area, with the government supporting development through policies and initiatives. With enthusiastic youth, human resources, and prospects in e-commerce and international markets, computer applications in Bangladesh are expected to continue advancing significantly.
MOST VIEWED ARTICLES IN ACADEMIA - International Journal of Managing Informat...IJMIT JOURNAL
The International Journal of Managing Information Technology (IJMIT) is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles that contribute new results in all areas of the strategic application of information technology (IT) in organizations. The journal focuses on innovative ideas and best practices in using IT to advance organizations – for-profit, non-profit, and governmental. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia, government and industry to focus on understanding both how to use IT to support the strategy and goals of the organization and to employ IT in new ways to foster greater collaboration, communication, and information sharing both within the organization and with its stakeholders. The International Journal of Managing Information Technology seeks to establish new collaborations, new best practices, and new theories in these areas.
RELEVANCE OF COMPUTER APPRECIATION/ICT TO THE CURRICULUM OF CERTIFICATE IN AU...Muhammad Muhammad Suleiman
Being A Text of Paper To Be Presented At Its 4-Days Final Phase of ASW Curriculum Review and Adaptation Meeting Held At Tahir Guest Palace, Kano, Organized By Society For Family Health, Between 27th To 30th April 2021
Top Cited Articles International Journal of Managing Information Technology (...IJMIT JOURNAL
International Journal of Managing Information Technology (IJMIT) is a quarterly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles that contribute new results in all areas of the strategic application of information technology (IT) in organizations. The journal focuses on innovative ideas and best practices in using IT to advance organizations – for-profit, non-profit, and governmental. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia, government and industry to focus on understanding both how to use IT to support the strategy and goals of the organization and to employ IT in new ways to foster greater collaboration, communication and information sharing both within the organization and with its stakeholders. The International Journal of Managing Information Technology seeks to establish new collaborations, new best practices, and new theories in these areas
Investigation of Readiness Indices for Embracing for Industry 5.0: The Road A...IRJET Journal
This document discusses readiness indices for embracing Industry 5.0 and determining countries' preparedness for technological change. It summarizes several major readiness indices, including the Networked Readiness Index (NRI), Global Innovation Index (GII), and Global Competitiveness Index (GCI). The NRI assesses how countries utilize information and communication technologies, while the GII evaluates innovation performance based on 80 indicators. The document outlines the components and methodology of these indices and provides examples of country rankings. It also discusses factors that influence countries' scores, such as digital infrastructure, skills, education levels, and government programs. The objective is to analyze different readiness indices that can help organizations prioritize areas of Industry 5.0 development.
Challenges Facing the Adoption of Information Technology in the Management of...inventionjournals
The economic growth of any country depends, to a certain degree, on the ability of the country’s business community to maximize their growth potential. One of the biggest contributors from the business community of any nation, to the nation’s economic development, is the small and medium sized enterprise (SME) sector. Studies have shown that SMEs and indeed, large and multi-national organizations can improve their productive capacity by using the benefits of the Information and Communications Technology (ICT). This paper explores how the Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) in the developing economies such as Nigeria can achieve their own growth through the adoption of information communication technology. This study relies on secondary data from various sources to examine the availability, accessibility and affordability to relevant ICT facilities and challenges facing SMEs in the use of information technology. The study recommends that agencies that regulate SMEs should formulate policies that will facilitate the adoption of ICT facilities by SMEs because of its potential in improving firms growth performance; SMEs owners should invest in ICT and its components because they have been proven to significantly influence organizational performance.
Challenges Facing the Adoption of Information Technology in the Management of...inventionjournals
The economic growth of any country depends, to a certain degree, on the ability of the country’s business community to maximize their growth potential. One of the biggest contributors from the business community of any nation, to the nation’s economic development, is the small and medium sized enterprise (SME) sector. Studies have shown that SMEs and indeed, large and multi-national organizations can improve their productive capacity by using the benefits of the Information and Communications Technology (ICT). This paper explores how the Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) in the developing economies such as Nigeria can achieve their own growth through the adoption of information communication technology. This study relies on secondary data from various sources to examine the availability, accessibility and affordability to relevant ICT facilities and challenges facing SMEs in the use of information technology. The study recommends that agencies that regulate SMEs should formulate policies that will facilitate the adoption of ICT facilities by SMEs because of its potential in improving firms growth performance; SMEs owners should invest in ICT and its components because they have been proven to significantly influence organizational performance.
MEDIATING AND MODERATING FACTORS AFFECTING READINESS TO IOT APPLICATIONS: THE...IJMIT JOURNAL
Although IOT seems to be the upcoming trend, it is still in its infancy; especially in the banking industry.
There is a clear gap in literature, as only few studies identify factors affecting readiness to IOT
applications in banks in general, and almost negligible investigations on mediating and moderating
factors. Accordingly, this research aims to investigate the main factors that affect employees’ readiness to
IOT applications, while highlighting the mediating and moderating factors in the Egyptian banking sector.
The importance of Egypt stems from its high population and steady steps taken towards technology
adoption. 479 valid questionnaires were distributed over HR employees in banks. Data collected was
statistically analysed using Regression and SEM. Results showed a significant impact of ‘Security’,
‘Networking’, ‘Software Development’ and ‘Regulations’ on ‘readiness to IOT applications. Thus, the
readiness acceptance level is high‘Security’ and ‘User Intention’ were proven to mediate the relationship
between research variables and readiness to IOT applications, and only a partial moderation role was
proven for ‘Efficiency’. The study contributes to increasing literature on IOT applications in general, and
fills a gap on the Egyptian banking context in particular. Finally, it provides decision makers at banks with
useful guidelines on how to optimally promote IOT applications among employees.
Mediating and moderating factors affecting readiness to io t applications the...IJMIT JOURNAL
Although IOT seems to be the upcoming trend, it is still in its infancy; especially in the banking industry. There is a clear gap in literature, as only few studies identify factors affecting readiness to IOT applications in banks in general, and almost negligible investigations on mediating and moderating factors. Accordingly, this research aims to investigate the main factors that affect employees’ readiness to IOT applications, while highlighting the mediating and moderating factors in the Egyptian banking sector. The importance of Egypt stems from its high population and steady steps taken towards technology adoption. 479 valid questionnaires were distributed over HR employees in banks. Data collected was statistically analysed using Regression and SEM. Results showed a significant impact of ‘Security’, ‘Networking’, ‘Software Development’ and ‘Regulations’ on ‘readiness to IOT applications. Thus, the readiness acceptance level is high‘Security’ and ‘User Intention’ were proven to mediate the relationship between research variables and readiness to IOT applications, and only a partial moderation role was proven for ‘Efficiency’. The study contributes to increasing literature on IOT applications in general, and fills a gap on the Egyptian banking context in particular. Finally, it provides decision makers at banks with useful guidelines on how to optimally promote IOT applications among employees.
ASCERTAINING THE INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) MATURITY LEVE...ijait
Information and Communication Technology has indeed been the driving force in most economics of the
world owing to its versatility in integrating with most national sectors. Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) models have been developed with the sole aim of ascertaining the maturity level in
various economic sectors from the perspective of ICT. Due to the divergent impact of ICT in the Banking
sector in Nigeria; this research paper has attempted to ascertain the maturity level within the banking
sector using KochiKar Model: a Knowledge-driven ICT maturity model. The dataset for analysis was
obtained using structured interview approach spread across Ten (10) Nigeria banks, capturing 12
personnel’s each with an overall total of 120 respondents.The ICT maturity parameter indicators show
clearly that Application, Human Resource Infrastructure and Policy have varied ratio of: 65%, 46% , 30%
and 16%, respectively while the overall maturity index was captured at 0.40 (40%) falling into “BASIC”
level within the stages of Kochikar model measurement. These results have highlighted the need in
improving policies and infrastructures tremendously while applications and human resources can be
expanded gradually which will overall increase the maturity index level.
ASCERTAINING THE INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) MATURITY LEVE...ijait
Information and Communication Technology has indeed been the driving force in most economics of the world owing to its versatility in integrating with most national sectors. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) models have been developed with the sole aim of ascertaining the maturity level in various economic sectors from the perspective of ICT. Due to the divergent impact of ICT in the Banking sector in Nigeria; this research paper has attempted to ascertain the maturity level within the banking sector using KochiKar Model: a Knowledge-driven ICT maturity model. The dataset for analysis was obtained using structured interview approach spread across Ten (10) Nigeria banks, capturing 12 personnel’s each with an overall total of 120 respondents.The ICT maturity parameter indicators show clearly that Application, Human Resource Infrastructure and Policy have varied ratio of: 65%, 46% , 30% and 16%, respectively while the overall maturity index was captured at 0.40 (40%) falling into “BASIC” level within the stages of Kochikar model measurement. These results have highlighted the need in improving policies and infrastructures tremendously while applications and human resources can be expanded gradually which will overall increase the maturity index level.
Similar to The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES) (20)
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracyTomaz Bratanic
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers
Have you ever been confused by the myriad of choices offered by AWS for hosting a website or an API?
Lambda, Elastic Beanstalk, Lightsail, Amplify, S3 (and more!) can each host websites + APIs. But which one should we choose?
Which one is cheapest? Which one is fastest? Which one will scale to meet our needs?
Join me in this session as we dive into each AWS hosting service to determine which one is best for your scenario and explain why!
Ivanti’s Patch Tuesday breakdown goes beyond patching your applications and brings you the intelligence and guidance needed to prioritize where to focus your attention first. Catch early analysis on our Ivanti blog, then join industry expert Chris Goettl for the Patch Tuesday Webinar Event. There we’ll do a deep dive into each of the bulletins and give guidance on the risks associated with the newly-identified vulnerabilities.
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdfssuserfac0301
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
OpenID AuthZEN Interop Read Out - AuthorizationDavid Brossard
During Identiverse 2024 and EIC 2024, members of the OpenID AuthZEN WG got together and demoed their authorization endpoints conforming to the AuthZEN API
HCL Notes and Domino License Cost Reduction in the World of DLAUpanagenda
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-and-domino-license-cost-reduction-in-the-world-of-dlau/
The introduction of DLAU and the CCB & CCX licensing model caused quite a stir in the HCL community. As a Notes and Domino customer, you may have faced challenges with unexpected user counts and license costs. You probably have questions on how this new licensing approach works and how to benefit from it. Most importantly, you likely have budget constraints and want to save money where possible. Don’t worry, we can help with all of this!
We’ll show you how to fix common misconfigurations that cause higher-than-expected user counts, and how to identify accounts which you can deactivate to save money. There are also frequent patterns that can cause unnecessary cost, like using a person document instead of a mail-in for shared mailboxes. We’ll provide examples and solutions for those as well. And naturally we’ll explain the new licensing model.
Join HCL Ambassador Marc Thomas in this webinar with a special guest appearance from Franz Walder. It will give you the tools and know-how to stay on top of what is going on with Domino licensing. You will be able lower your cost through an optimized configuration and keep it low going forward.
These topics will be covered
- Reducing license cost by finding and fixing misconfigurations and superfluous accounts
- How do CCB and CCX licenses really work?
- Understanding the DLAU tool and how to best utilize it
- Tips for common problem areas, like team mailboxes, functional/test users, etc
- Practical examples and best practices to implement right away
Programming Foundation Models with DSPy - Meetup SlidesZilliz
Prompting language models is hard, while programming language models is easy. In this talk, I will discuss the state-of-the-art framework DSPy for programming foundation models with its powerful optimizers and runtime constraint system.
In his public lecture, Christian Timmerer provides insights into the fascinating history of video streaming, starting from its humble beginnings before YouTube to the groundbreaking technologies that now dominate platforms like Netflix and ORF ON. Timmerer also presents provocative contributions of his own that have significantly influenced the industry. He concludes by looking at future challenges and invites the audience to join in a discussion.
Essentials of Automations: The Art of Triggers and Actions in FMESafe Software
In this second installment of our Essentials of Automations webinar series, we’ll explore the landscape of triggers and actions, guiding you through the nuances of authoring and adapting workspaces for seamless automations. Gain an understanding of the full spectrum of triggers and actions available in FME, empowering you to enhance your workspaces for efficient automation.
We’ll kick things off by showcasing the most commonly used event-based triggers, introducing you to various automation workflows like manual triggers, schedules, directory watchers, and more. Plus, see how these elements play out in real scenarios.
Whether you’re tweaking your current setup or building from the ground up, this session will arm you with the tools and insights needed to transform your FME usage into a powerhouse of productivity. Join us to discover effective strategies that simplify complex processes, enhancing your productivity and transforming your data management practices with FME. Let’s turn complexity into clarity and make your workspaces work wonders!
Let's Integrate MuleSoft RPA, COMPOSER, APM with AWS IDP along with Slackshyamraj55
Discover the seamless integration of RPA (Robotic Process Automation), COMPOSER, and APM with AWS IDP enhanced with Slack notifications. Explore how these technologies converge to streamline workflows, optimize performance, and ensure secure access, all while leveraging the power of AWS IDP and real-time communication via Slack notifications.
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalizationZilliz
Mike Del Balso, CEO & Co-Founder at Tecton, presents "Full RAG," a novel approach to AI recommendation systems, aiming to push beyond the limitations of traditional models through a deep integration of contextual insights and real-time data, leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation architecture. This talk will outline Full RAG's potential to significantly enhance personalization, address engineering challenges such as data management and model training, and introduce data enrichment with reranking as a key solution. Attendees will gain crucial insights into the importance of hyperpersonalization in AI, the capabilities of Full RAG for advanced personalization, and strategies for managing complex data integrations for deploying cutting-edge AI solutions.
AI 101: An Introduction to the Basics and Impact of Artificial IntelligenceIndexBug
Imagine a world where machines not only perform tasks but also learn, adapt, and make decisions. This is the promise of Artificial Intelligence (AI), a technology that's not just enhancing our lives but revolutionizing entire industries.
Things to Consider When Choosing a Website Developer for your Website | FODUUFODUU
Choosing the right website developer is crucial for your business. This article covers essential factors to consider, including experience, portfolio, technical skills, communication, pricing, reputation & reviews, cost and budget considerations and post-launch support. Make an informed decision to ensure your website meets your business goals.
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/building-and-scaling-ai-applications-with-the-nx-ai-manager-a-presentation-from-network-optix/
Robin van Emden, Senior Director of Data Science at Network Optix, presents the “Building and Scaling AI Applications with the Nx AI Manager,” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
In this presentation, van Emden covers the basics of scaling edge AI solutions using the Nx tool kit. He emphasizes the process of developing AI models and deploying them globally. He also showcases the conversion of AI models and the creation of effective edge AI pipelines, with a focus on pre-processing, model conversion, selecting the appropriate inference engine for the target hardware and post-processing.
van Emden shows how Nx can simplify the developer’s life and facilitate a rapid transition from concept to production-ready applications.He provides valuable insights into developing scalable and efficient edge AI solutions, with a strong focus on practical implementation.
Mind map of terminologies used in context of Generative AI
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)
1. The International Journal Of Engineering And Science (IJES)
||Volume||2 ||Issue|| 7 ||Pages|| 18-25||2013||
ISSN(e): 2319 – 1813 ISSN(p): 2319 – 1805
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 18
Information Technology Applications and Challenges: An
Empirical Study of National Sports Associations of Zimbabwe
Edmore Nhamo1
, Simbarashe Magonde2
1,2
Department of Health Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Zimbabwe Open University, Zimbabwe
------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT----------------------------------------------------------
The use of Information Technology (IT) in the training, officiating and management of sport has gained
significant ground and has revolutionalized the international sport industry. However in spite of this widespread
adoption of Information Technology in the sport industry in developed countries, the situation in Zimbabwe
seems to suggest that Information Technology applications in National Sports Associations (NSAs) have
remained depressed and have not reached their full potential. This study exposes and discusses both the extent
of Information Technology applications and the reasons for the limited utilization. The findings and
recommendations provided are expected to help National Sports Associations of Zimbabwe to recognize the gap
and develop relevant strategies for improvement. The results indicate that the use of Information Technology
applications in National Sports Associations of Zimbabwe is lagging behind. This study recommends that the
teacher training curriculum should be changed, National Sports Associations in Zimbabwe should make IT
applications an integral part of their strategic plans and invest more in information technology training,
equipment and infrastructural development.
KEY WORDS: Challenges, computer applications, information technology applications, National Sports
Associations, Zimbabwe.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Date of Submission: 8July. 2013 Date of Publication: 25.July 2013
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I. INTRODUCTION
In today’s world of rapidly advancing technology computers are being used in almost every activity. It
is difficult to find any field of human endeavour that has not been impacted by computers. As Agere (2013)
write the era of ICT has taken over every sphere of life. The emergence of sophisticated software and gadgets
has made life fast and easier. The world of sport is no exception. The world of sport is naturally very dynamic
and the use of information technology is one of the developments that have made a significant impact on many
modern day sporting disciplines and organisations. It has been observed that most professional sports in the
United States of America and other similarly developed nations in the global north now make extensive use of
computer technology in administration, coaching and officiating which have revolutionalised and enhanced the
standard and status of their sport. For example developed countries have used technology based instant replays
and other high tech aids to help referees make the right call (Topend sport 2013). A look at the Zimbabwean
sporting industry seems to give a totally contrasting picture. Even the e-readiness survey report (2003) observed
that Zimbabwe was lagging behind technologically as it did not have an integrated and coherent national
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) policy then. The absence of a coherent ICT policy has
invariably inhibited coordination, harmonization and full utilization of the existing infrastructure. It affects the
capacity and initiatives to implement by various sectors of the economy. This was also compounded by the
decade of economic recession which Zimbabwe experienced around 2008.
However in spite of all these negatives the Ministry of information and technology (2010) as
articulated in their 2010 to 2014 strategic plan, insist that the use and diffusion of ICTs for national development
has continuously been reflected and articulated in several government documents and statutory instruments such
as the Science and Technology Policy of 2002. In addition the Ministry of Science and Technology
Development was tasked with the development of an overarching National ICT Policy framework at its
inception. It conducted extensive consultations nationally and working with the National Economic
Consultative Forum and other stakeholders it ultimately produced the National ICT Policy Framework
document of 2005.
2. Information Technology Applications And Challenges…
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 19
The above mentioned document was approved by Cabinet and then officially launched by His
Excellence the President of the republic of Zimbabwe in September 2007. This development, coupled with the
rapid impact of ICTs across all sectors of the economy and congruent with the national economic development
agenda, precipitated the formation of a whole new Ministry to ICTs. In 2012 the new Ministry of Information
and Communication Technology (MICT) embarked on a two month long process to craft a new ICT Policy. ICT
Minister Nelson Chamisa explained the rationale for the review saying "it has been six years now, the time has
come for a review of this policy, more so considering the rapid nature in which the revolution of technologies
for information and communications take place". In spite of all these developments ICT utilization in Zimbabwe
still lags behind countries like South Africa. It is against the above background that this study intents to establish
the extent to which NSAs have complied with the local and international development in the ICT sector.
According to Kundishora (2010) Systematic exploitation of ICTs offer developing countries Zimbabwe
included, an opportunity to leapfrog into the developed world community.
1.1 Purpose of study
This study examined information technology applications in National Sport Associations (NSAs) in
Zimbabwe. The purpose of the study was to provide an overview of the extent to which NSAs in Zimbabwe use
information technology in administration, training/coaching and umpiring/referring and the challenges they are
facing.
1.2 Research question
To what extent do Zimbabwe National Sports Associations use Information Technology and what challenges do
they face ?
1.3 Research Objectives
a. To establish the prevailing skill preparedness level of Zimbabwe National Sports Associations in the
use of information technology
b. To find out the information technology Infrastructure available for use by Zimbabwe NSAs
c. To ascertain the specific Information technology Applications used by Zimbabwe NSAs in
administration, coaching and umpiring
d. To assess the challenges faced by Zimbabwe NSAs in their quest to utilize information technology
II. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS IN SPORT: A THEORETICAL
FRAMEWORK.
Information technology (IT) is the use of technology and the application and benefits derived from it in
all spheres of human endeavour. IT refers to the management as well as the processing of information in
organizations and by individuals. IT specifically deals with the use of electronic computers as well as computer
software to convert store and process, transmit, retrieve and protect information.( Tusubira and Kyeyune ,2001;
Wade 2013). It follows that IT applications in sport refer to the manipulation and utilization of electronic
computers and software in order to achieve the day to day objectives of sport. Sport on the other hand is defined
by Wade (2013) as a collective term meaning games or competitive activities. The literature reviewed reveal
that computers have been applied mostly but not restricted to the following three main areas i.e. administration,
coaching and umpiring/officiating.
2.1 Administration
Brown (2013) identifies communication as one of the administrative activities of a coach and a national
sports association. Coaches and associations need to effectively communicate with athletes and other
stakeholders. Brown also identifies marketing as another area of administration. The association is often
required to advertise itself through the use of websites. The coach is often required undertake marketing to
potential members in order to ensure that there is constant supply of athletes. National associations are also
required to track the progress of players. According to Glencore (2013) today professional colleges and even
school sports teams have their own websites. Computers are also widely used in sport to keep statistics for
example how many games your national team has played etc. In addition to the above basic day to day
administrative functions of computers in NSAs, literature also reveal that computers can control the sale of
tickets for different events, computers can record results and lists of world records can be kept up to date.
Computers can be used to produce fixtures, programmes etc.
3. Information Technology Applications And Challenges…
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 20
2.2 Coaching/Training
Baca and Dabnichki (2008) say that coaching is one of the earliest areas of application of computer
science in sport. The link between sport and biomechanics has been there from the very beginning. They argue
that the most valuable tool in this relationship has been the development of biomechanical models that are
utilized in both performance analysis and equipment selection and development. In this regard computers can be
used to improve for example water sport, where according to Baca et al (2008) “from ancient times the vast
water pools on the planet have been perceived as both a barrier and a challenge”. Computers allow this barrier to
be broken and hence the provision of constructive feedback for performance improvement in water sport. Brown
also argues that computer analysis of an athlete helps to provide feedback and cause improvement. Analysis can
take place from the coach’s observation through the use of sophisticated software. Tactics, techniques and
physical fitness are parameters that can be analyzed by coaches using computers. Biomechanical analysis can
help Pitchers in softball become better Pitchers and Batters become better Hitters.
Literature reveals that there are numerous software packages that are designed for fitness and nutrition
professionals to organize data and produce reports. The following are a few selected examples:
Team beep Test - Most versatile and useful software for conducting and recording the bleep/beep test
with all results recorded directly onto your computer
Body Byte – Universal standalone computer software program specially developed to comprehensively
organize and manage all information associated with nutrition, training and fitness.
World of sport science (2013) talk about the concept of computer simulation in training and coaching, which is
a process by which specific anticipated effects that the athlete will experience in the course of performance are
replicated through a computer. The outcome of an event can be predicted by using actual data gathered
concerning previous similar events. The simulation may be designed to either mimic the desired competitive or
racing environment or to project what is a desired result of a particular athlete or team. The simulation is
constructed on a series of mathematical codes that are used to build the programs that are the basis for the visual
and graphic replication of the simulated event.
2.3 Umpiring/Officiating : Examples of information technology applications include Basketball referees
who use replay systems to make sure that players are shooting within the time allotted by the shot clock.
International cricket uses a third umpire, who sits off the field with access to replays or disputed situations and
advise the central umpire. Hawk- eye technology is a typical example of a computer and camera system which
traces the trajectory of a ball. It is used widely in international cricket and tennis. Accurate timing of athletic
races such as the London marathon and car races like the British Grand Prix are controlled by
computers.(Topend sport, 2013)
According to Topend sport (2013), while most professional sports have long used instant replays and
other high tech aids to help referees make the right call there has been resistance in some sport codes. For
example the need for goal line technology in soccer has been realized but not yet implemented. Particularly as
TV replays are showing wrong decisions by the referees. A promising prospect has been a “smart ball” loaded
with a computer chip jointly developed by German companies Cairos Technologies and the Fraunhoter
Companies’ Technologies. This technology uses a network of receivers around the field designed to track the
ball’s precise position in real time, including when it has passed the goal line. The information would be relayed
in less than a second to a watch like device worn by the referee. However the system has its setbacks and
another system using the hawk eye is being looked at. The hawk-eye is a camera and computer system which
traces the trajectory of the ball. It is being used in international cricket and tennis and many other sports are also
looking at making use of this technology.
2.4 Challenges
Research show that fear of change, lack of qualifications in ICT skills and obsolete equipment are the
major challenges that teachers face in trying to keep up with latest trends of technology. Research on ICT uptake
in education conducted in Zimbabwe has revealed that one of the biggest reasons why there is slow utilization of
ICT in Zimbabwe could be emanating initially from the type of the education system. This link is important
because NSAs are being run by people who are products of the same education system. According to Agere
(2013) in Zimbabwe, the era of improving ICT in schools gained momentum at the turn of the new millennium
with President Mugabe leading through the Schools Computerization Programme. The initiative has been
embraced by many schools that have gone further to establish computer laboratories. However, in spite of most
schools having joined the international migration towards ICT and ICT band wagon, educationists say it is
worrying to note that the development is not commensurate with local investments to equip the tutor.
4. Information Technology Applications And Challenges…
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 21
The country’s teacher training module is seen as lagging behind on the requisite ICT training before the teachers
are deployed to the schools. Zimbabwe Teachers Association Chief Executive Officer Sifiso Ndlovu is cited by
Agere (2013), as concurring with the above observation. Ndlovu is cited as saying “I can confirm that indeed
our teachers are facing difficulties in embracing modern technology.” It is difficult for teachers to embrace new
technology as it was never in their learning curriculum during training. The situation is made worse by constant
power outages experienced in Zimbabwe. As Agere (2008) avers research shows that fear of change by
teachers, lack of qualification in ICT skills and obsolete computers are the major challenges that tutors face in
trying to keep up with latest trends in technology.
III. METHODOLOGY
The study used a mixed method approach which enabled the researcher to collect both quantitative and
qualitative data. The study used an e-mailed questionnaire to collect data from the representatives of all 52
registered National Sports Associations. Twenty five (25) NSAs responded thereby constituting a 48 % response
rate. The questionnaire was designed to collect data on their level of IT expertise, current level of skill to use IT
hardware and software, availability of IT infrastructure as well as the challenges they faced. The questionnaire
contained both closed and open ended questions. The face validity of the questionnaire was established by pilot
testing and giving the questionnaire to experts to comment on its validity. The study also interviewed Provincial
Sports Associations (PSAs) based in Bulawayo for purposes of data triangulation and validation. The PSAs in
Bulawayo were purposively sampled.
The results obtained from the study are presented in the next section
IV. RESULTS
4.1 NSAs state of preparedness to embrace IT applications
Table 1: NSAs’ preparedness for IT Applications
No Question Novice Intermediate Advanced
1 What is the level of computer expertise in your
National Sport Association in terms of general IT
usage?
6(24%) 17(68%) 2(8%)
2 What is the level of computer expertise in your
National Sport Association in terms of sport specific
IT applications in training and coaching?
25(100%) 0(0%) 0(0%)
3 Rate the level of computer expertise in your National
Sport association in terms of sport specific IT
applications in officiating / umpiring/refereeing?
23(92%) 2(8%) 0(0%)
(N= 25)
The data collected shows that the current level of IT expertise of surveyed NSAs in IT applications in
administrative activities is average. The majority i.e. 68% rated the level of computer expertise in their NSA as
Intermediate. Twenty four percent (24%) rated their expertise as novice and only 8% rated their expertise as
advanced. Regarding the level of expertise in the use of specific IT applications in training and coaching, 100%
indicated that they were mere novices. The majority constituting 92% of the respondents indicated that their
level of expertise in the use of specific IT applications in officiating and umpiring is very low (novice).
5. Information Technology Applications And Challenges…
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 22
4.2 Professional development
Table 2: Professional development needs
No Question Yes No
4 Do you feel that you need professional development in the use of IT applications? 25(100%) 0(0%)
All NSA surveyed i.e. (100%) were of the opinion that they could benefit tremendously from staff development
initiatives.
4.3 IT Infrastructure
Table 3: IT Infrastructure (hardware and software) Availability
No Question None Inadequate Fairly
adequate
Adequate
5 Availability of IT infrastructure (hardware and
software) for administrative purpose?
0(0%) 10(40%) 15(60%) 0(0%)
6 Availability of IT infrastructure (hardware and
software) for coaching/training purpose?
23(92%) 2(8%) 0(0%) 0(0%)
7 Availability of IT infrastructure (hardware and
software) for officiating/umpiring/refereeing
purposes?
22(88%) 3(12%) 0(0%) 0(0%)
On availability of IT infrastructure for administrative purposes 60% said it was fairly adequate and 40% indicated that it was
inadequate.
Results show that 92% of NSAs do not have IT hardware and software for coaching and training. Only 8% indicated that
they possess specific IT infrastructure for coaching and training purposes.
The data collected show that 88% of the NSAs do not have specific IT hardware and software for umpiring or officiating. On
the other hand only 12% confirmed that they do possess hardware and software which assist in the process of
umpiring/officiating.
4.4 The level of IT practice and activities
Table 4: Use of IT by NSA
No Question Yes No
8 Use of IT infrastructure (hardware and software) for administrative
purpose?
25(100%) 0(0%)
9 Use of IT infrastructure (hardware and software) for coaching/training
purpose?
2(8%) 23(92%)
10 Use of IT infrastructure (hardware and software) for
officiating/umpiring/refereeing purposes?
3(12%) 22(88%)
6. Information Technology Applications And Challenges…
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 23
Regarding the actual use of IT infrastructure, all NSA surveyed indicated that they make use of IT infrastructure
for administrative purposes.
Result show that 92% do not make use of IT infrastructure for coaching/training purposes, while only 8% do.
The majority 88% revealed that they do not make use of any specific hardware and software in their training and
coaching activities.
4.5 Examples of specific IT applications used by NSAs
The respondents were asked to specify examples of specific software they use in coaching/training or
umpiring /officiating. The majority revealed that they make use of power point, excel, word-processing and
database applications for purposes of producing fixtures, programmes compiling results and keeping records.
Most also indicated that they use email for communication and websites for marketing. In terms of
coaching/training and officiating/umpiring only a few indicated that they use these as alluded to earlier on.
These few NSAs identified timing races and hawk eye software.
4.6 Challenges
Table 5: Challenges faced by NSAs in using IT applications
No 11 Challenge Number
i Lack of exposure to relevant software and hardware 25(100%)
ii Lack of suitable sporting facilities where the necessary hardware and software can be installed 23(92%)
iii Lack of support from government 25(100%)
iv Lack of technical support from international federations 18(72%)
v In adequate training for coaches, referees and administrators 25(100%)
vi Lack of resources to purchase the necessary hardware and software 25(100%)
In addition to the challenges listed in table above NSAs also cited fear of change and persistent electrical power
outages experienced in Zimbabwe as significant barriers/challenges.
V. DISCUSSION
It is clear from the results of this study that there is limited utilization of IT infrastructure by Zimbabwe
National Sports Associations. However it is also clear that NSAs recognize the need for them to adopt modern
IT applications to improve the quality and enhance the status of their sport. Although IT has not yet
revolutionalised the Zimbabwean sports industry as much as it has done in the developed countries ,it is
apparent that it has changed the manner in which business is now being carried out in the sports industry. This is
so in particular reference to NSA’s administrative functions. However it should be noted that this approach is
rather limited since administrative applications tend to be basic applications of IT. The NSAs should strive to
use more advanced IT applications in training/coaching and officiating umpiring activities. NSAs seem to have
satisfactorily adopted basic IT applications for administrative purposes. The majority i.e. 65% rated the level of
computer expertise in their NSA in administrative applications as Intermediate. On availability of IT
infrastructure for administrative purposes 60% said it was fairly adequate. Regarding the actual use of IT
infrastructure, all NSA surveyed indicated that they do make use of IT infrastructure for administrative purposes
in one way or another. The NSAs seem to have adopted the IT applications in administrative work in line with
international trends. As pointed out by Brown (2013) that, communication and marketing are administrative
applications of IT used by sports organizations. Glencoe (2010) argues that, these days professional colleges and
even school sports teams have their own websites for marketing and publicity. Computers are also widely used
in sport to keep statistics for example how many games your national team has played etc. However it is not
clear from the results whether NSAs are able to use advanced and sophisticated administrative IT applications
such as those used in the control of ticket sales in addition to the basic day to day administrative functions of
computers. Literature reviewed confirms that in NSAs, computers can control the sale of tickets for different
7. Information Technology Applications And Challenges…
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 24
events, computers can record results and lists of world record can be kept up to date. Some of these applications
are quite basic while others require sophisticated software and computer based gadgets.
National Sports Associations cannot be expected to be successful in the adoption of IT applications in
training/coaching and officiating umpiring without the availability of appropriate infrastructure. This study
indicated that 92% of NSAs do not have appropriate IT hardware and software for coaching and training. The
data collected also show that 88% of the NSAs do not have specific IT hardware and software for umpiring or
officiating. On the other hand only 12% confirmed that they do possess hardware and software which assist in
the process of umpiring/officiating. As observed by Cuban (2001) limited IT infrastructure results in limited
applications. Baca and Dabnichki (2008) say that coaching is one of the earliest areas of application of computer
science in sport. They argue that the link between sport and biomechanics has been there from the very
beginning. However as revealed by this study this link is still very weak in Zimbabwe.
The use of IT applications is directly related to the availability of the appropriate IT infrastructure as
discussed above. The study indicates a very low usage of IT applications in coaching/training and officiating
/umpiring. Results show that 92% do not make use of IT infrastructure for coaching/training purposes. The
majority 88% revealed that they do not make use of any specific hardware and software in their officiating and
umpiring activities. The reason can be linked to the unavailability of IT infrastructure as NSA cannot be
expected to use infrastructure which they do not have. The NSAs surveyed identified lack of exposure to
relevant software and hardware, lack of suitable sporting facilities where the necessary hardware and software
can be installed, lack of support from government, lack of technical support from international federations,
inadequate training for coaches referees and administrators, lack of resources to purchase the necessary
hardware and software, fear of change and the persistent electrical power outages experienced in Zimbabwe as
significant barriers/challenges. These findings are supported by similar finding in the adoption e- learning
applications in Zimbabwe. The findings were made by Chitanana, Makaza and Madzima (2008). These authors
also identified challenges such as: lack of technical support (51%), lack of administrative/initiative at Faculty
level (52%) and lack of awareness regarding ways of integrating the software into teaching (52%). which are
related to infrastructural development, support and pedagogical considerations for e-learning. It is clear from
this study that inadequate training for coaches, referees and administrators as a challenge can also be linked to
the type of education received by the respondents. As stated by Agere (2013), the Zimbabwean teacher training
module is lagging behind on the requisite IT training before the teachers are deployed. While the demand of IT
learning is high, there is serious lack of qualified teachers in ICT. NSAs administrators could be finding it
difficult to venture into the ICT because it was never part of their curriculum at school.
VI. Conclusion and Recommendations
The findings of this study lead to the conclusion that IT applications in NSAs of Zimbabwe are
inadequate and that NSA face numerous challenges that range from their education curriculum, to lack of
resources in their quest to adopt IT applications.
In light of the above conclusion it is recommended that:
The education curriculum for teachers be revolutionalised to match the latest technological advancements
with a relevant example being South Africa where the idea has been synchronized into teacher training
syllabi (Agere 2013). This will enable these teachers to produce school graduates who are I compliant
since it is the same graduates who end up running National Sports Associations
National Sports Associations in Zimbabwe should make IT applications an integral part of their strategic
plans and invest more in information technology training, equipment and infrastructural development.
Government through the Sports and Recreation Commission should provide more support to NSA to adopt
IT applications
REFERENCES
[1] Agere H (2013) ICT: Teachers’ worst nightmare, The Sunday Mail In-Depth May 19-25,
[2] Topendsport (2013) Assisting the umpires/Referees. (Online) [Retrieved on the 25th of June 2013] from www.topendsport.com
[3] Government of Zimbabwe (2005) Information and Technologies in Zimbabwe: PROJECT ZIM/03/003: Zimbabwe e-readiness
survey report: Department of Science and Technology Development in the Office of the President: Harare: Government printer
[4] Ministry of Information Communication and Technology (MICT) (2010), Strategic plan 2010-2014. Harare, Zimbabwe
[5] Kundishora. S (2010) Ministry of Information Communication and Technology (MICT) (2010) Strategic plan 2010-2014.
Harare, Zimbabwe
[6] Science and Technology Policy (2002), Harare: Government printer
[7] Government of Zimbabwe (2005), National Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Policy framework: Harare
[8] Ministry of Information, Communication and Technology ICT policy 2012, Harare
8. Information Technology Applications And Challenges…
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 25
[9] Tusubira F.F and Kyeyune (2001) Tutorial paper: What is Information and communication Technology? (online) [retrieved on
20 June 2013] from www.fftusubira.com
[10] Wade, A. (2012) Information Technology: What is it and what does it mean to you? (Online) [Retrieved on the 5 th of July 2013]
from: www.articlesnatch.om
[11] Brown, C. (2013) Technology to use in your coaching, (online) [retrieved on the 2nd
of July 2013] from www.sportscoachuk.org
[12] Glencoe (2010), Computers in sport, Mc Graw Hill (Online) [retrieved on the 10th
of June 2010] from: www.techconnectonline:
technology foundations
[13] National Association for Sport and Physical Education, an association of the American Alliance for Health, Physical Education,
Recreation and Dance, (2009).Appropriate Use of Instructional Technology in PE ( Online) [retrieved on 2nd
of July 2013] from
www.aahperd.org/naspe
[14] Cuban, A. L. (2001). Oversold and underused: Computers in the classroom. Cambridge, a: Harvard University Press
[15] Baca A and Dabnichki P (2008) Computers in sport Wit Press: UK
[16] World of sport science (2013) Computer simulations as a training tool. (Online) [retrieved on the 1st
of July 2013] from
www.woldofsportscience.com.
[17] Chitanana, L., Makaza, D., & Madzima, K. (2008, July 5). The current state of e-learning at universities in Zimbabwe:
Opportunities and challenges. International Journal of Education and Development using ICT (Online), 4(2). [retrieved on the 5th
of may 2011] from: http://ijedict.dec.uwi.edu/viewarticle.php.