Building Sem 2 (EMT 157)
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The document discusses foundations for buildings. It defines a foundation as the base that safely transfers a building's load to the subsoil. Key factors in choosing a foundation type are the building's total loads, the subsoil's load-bearing capacity, and cost. Shallow foundations include strip, pad, and raft foundations, while deep foundations include pilings. Pad foundations are suitable for non-cohesive soils and buildings under 4 stories. They have a square column stump, are made of concrete, and transmit loads from columns to a wider area for stability. The document also outlines the process of installing a pad foundation.
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building foundation kagemu SELEMANI
This document provides information on foundations for buildings. It defines foundations as the lowest part of a structure that transfers loads to the soil. Foundations have several functions, including distributing weight over a large area to prevent overloading the soil. Proper site investigation is important to determine soil properties and suitable foundation type. Investigation methods include test pits, auger borings, and deep borings. Bearing capacity refers to the load a soil can support without excessive settlement. Shallow foundations suitable for stronger soils include strip, raft, and pad foundations. Deep foundations using piles are used for weaker soils.
Foundation
This document discusses different types of shallow foundations that can be used to transfer structural loads from buildings to the soil or earth very near the surface. It describes spread footing foundations, mat-slab foundations, slab-on-grade foundations, and rubble trench foundations. Spread footing foundations consist of strips or pads of concrete that transfer loads from walls and columns to the soil. Mat-slab foundations distribute loads across the entire building area to lower pressure on the soil. Slab-on-grade foundations are commonly used in areas with expansive clay soils. Rubble trench foundations use loose stone to minimize concrete and improve drainage in an environmentally friendly way.
Foundation Types | Jameel Academy
This document outlines different types of foundations used in building construction. It discusses shallow foundations like isolated, combined, and wall footings that are used when the soil can support loads. Deep foundations like pile foundations are used when the soil is weak or groundwater levels are high. Pile foundations include end bearing piles and friction piles made of materials like concrete, steel, or wood. The document also states that foundation quality depends on design and construction materials and their type depends on site conditions, as foundations are crucial to supporting buildings.
Foundations
The document provides information on different types of foundations used in construction. It discusses shallow foundations such as spread footings, combined footings, strap or cantilever footings, mat or raft foundations, and grillage foundations. It also covers deep foundations including pile foundations, caisson foundations, and well foundations. Pile foundations are described in more detail, outlining different types of piles based on their function and how they are constructed and used with pile caps to distribute loads to the soil.
Building Foundations, Soil Survey, Types of Foundations
A very brief and clear introduction to Foundation and its types along with soil investigation are provided. After studying you will be able to understand different types of Foundations and footings. Also various methods and techniques for soil investigation along with various types of soil according to the Building code of Pakistan.
Civil types of foundations for different soil characteristics (2) - copy
This document summarizes different types of soil classifications and foundations. It describes how soils are classified based on particle size into coarse-grained or fine-grained soils. The engineering properties and index properties of soils that influence foundation design are discussed. Shallow foundations like footings and rafts as well as deep foundations like piles are introduced. Factors affecting bearing capacity and different types of footings for varying soil conditions are summarized.
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This document discusses different types of foundations used in construction. It begins with an introduction to foundations, their purpose of transferring structural loads to the ground, and factors like soil conditions and load types. It then covers types of soils and their characteristics for load transfer. Construction of foundations is outlined, including excavation protection and dewatering. The main types of foundations discussed are shallow foundations, which require suitable soil bearing capacity, and deep foundations used when shallow foundations are not suitable. Examples of shallow foundations include isolated footings, wall footings, and raft foundations.
Chapter 4 deep foundation ( bi )
This document provides an overview of deep foundations and pile foundations. It discusses factors that affect foundation design such as building loads and soil bearing capacity. Deep foundations transfer loads below the ground floor level, usually more than 3m below grade, and include pile foundations. Pile foundations transmit structural loads to deeper subsoil using columns inserted into the ground. Pile types include displacement piles (driven into the ground), replacement piles (bored into place), and composite piles (using multiple materials). The document also describes pile installation methods, classification of piles, advantages and disadvantages of different pile materials, and pile driving techniques.
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This document provides information on foundations for buildings. It defines foundations as the lowest part of a structure that transfers loads to the soil. Foundations have several functions, including distributing weight over a large area to prevent overloading the soil. Proper site investigation is important to determine soil properties and suitable foundation type. Investigation methods include test pits, auger borings, and deep borings. Bearing capacity refers to the load a soil can support without excessive settlement. Shallow foundations suitable for stronger soils include strip, raft, and pad foundations. Deep foundations using piles are used for weaker soils.
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The document provides information on different types of foundations used in construction. It discusses shallow foundations such as spread footings, combined footings, strap or cantilever footings, mat or raft foundations, and grillage foundations. It also covers deep foundations including pile foundations, caisson foundations, and well foundations. Pile foundations are described in more detail, outlining different types of piles based on their function and how they are constructed and used with pile caps to distribute loads to the soil.
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A very brief and clear introduction to Foundation and its types along with soil investigation are provided. After studying you will be able to understand different types of Foundations and footings. Also various methods and techniques for soil investigation along with various types of soil according to the Building code of Pakistan.
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This document summarizes different types of soil classifications and foundations. It describes how soils are classified based on particle size into coarse-grained or fine-grained soils. The engineering properties and index properties of soils that influence foundation design are discussed. Shallow foundations like footings and rafts as well as deep foundations like piles are introduced. Factors affecting bearing capacity and different types of footings for varying soil conditions are summarized.
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This document discusses different types of foundations used in construction. It begins with an introduction to foundations, their purpose of transferring structural loads to the ground, and factors like soil conditions and load types. It then covers types of soils and their characteristics for load transfer. Construction of foundations is outlined, including excavation protection and dewatering. The main types of foundations discussed are shallow foundations, which require suitable soil bearing capacity, and deep foundations used when shallow foundations are not suitable. Examples of shallow foundations include isolated footings, wall footings, and raft foundations.
Chapter 4 deep foundation ( bi )
This document provides an overview of deep foundations and pile foundations. It discusses factors that affect foundation design such as building loads and soil bearing capacity. Deep foundations transfer loads below the ground floor level, usually more than 3m below grade, and include pile foundations. Pile foundations transmit structural loads to deeper subsoil using columns inserted into the ground. Pile types include displacement piles (driven into the ground), replacement piles (bored into place), and composite piles (using multiple materials). The document also describes pile installation methods, classification of piles, advantages and disadvantages of different pile materials, and pile driving techniques.
Fondation
This document provides an overview of foundations, including:
1. It discusses the different types of soils that compose foundations and their properties.
2. It describes the various types of foundations, including shallow foundations (e.g. footings, slabs) and deep foundations (e.g. piles, caissons).
3. It covers foundation design considerations like loads, strength, stability, drainage, and construction methods.
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The document provides information on the basics of civil engineering foundations. It discusses the objectives and types of foundations, including shallow foundations like isolated and combined footings, and deep foundations such as pile and pier foundations. Pile foundations can be friction piles or load bearing piles. Factors that determine the size and bearing capacity of foundations are also covered. The document contains diagrams to illustrate foundation components and construction methods.
Foundation
This document provides an overview of foundations for building construction. It discusses the importance of foundations in distributing building loads to the ground. There are two main types of foundations - shallow foundations and deep foundations. Shallow foundations include spread footings, grillage foundations, raft foundations, stepped foundations, and mat/slab foundations. Deep foundations transfer loads deep into the earth and include drilled caissons, driven piles, and precast concrete piles. Foundation design considers factors like soil type, structural requirements, construction requirements, site conditions, and cost. The document also discusses waterproofing, drainage, and underpinning foundations.
types of Foundations with animated sketches
This document discusses different types of foundations used to support structures. It begins by stating the objectives are to understand foundation construction, types of foundations, and which are suitable for different soil types. It then defines foundations as the lowest part of a structure below ground that transmits the weight to the subsoil. The main types discussed are shallow foundations, which include wall, column, combined, and mat foundations, and deep foundations, such as pile, under-reamed pile, and well foundations. Specific foundation types like isolated column, combined, mat, pile, under-reamed pile and well foundations are then described in more detail.
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This document discusses different types of shallow foundations used in civil engineering. It describes shallow foundations as those placed immediately below the superstructure to distribute structural loads over a wide, shallow area below ground level. The main types discussed are spread footings, combined footings, mat/raft foundations, and grillage footings. Spread footings are used to support columns and walls, and can be wall, reinforced concrete, inverted arch, or column footings. Combined and mat foundations are used when columns are close together or loads are large.
Deep foundation full information
Hi everyone thanks for you to see our report again, and our report contains every single information about deep foundation just like advantages and disadvantages and types and here again just like the shallow foundation report we compared both with each other.
And from this link you read about shallow foundation
https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/AliRizgar/shallow-foundation-full-information
And from this email you can ask any thing to us
Alirizgar234@gmail.com
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2.foundation
The document discusses different types of foundations used to transmit the load of a building to the underlying soil. It describes shallow foundations such as wall footings, isolated column footings, and combined footings. Deep foundations including pile foundations, well foundations using caissons and cofferdams, are also summarized. Specific foundation types are defined, like mat/raft foundations used for soft soils, and grillage foundations for supporting high-rise steel structures.
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The document discusses various types of foundations and foundation systems. It covers shallow foundations like spread footings, mat foundations, and slab on grade foundations. It also discusses deep foundations like piles and caissons used when the soil cannot support shallow foundations. Various aspects that foundations must address are also covered like loads, drainage, reinforcement, and excavation support.
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Footing and Its Types
This document discusses different types of footings used in building construction. It describes strip footings, which are continuous strips of concrete under walls. It also discusses raft/mat footings, which are continuous footings that support an entire structure. Finally, it covers isolated/pad footings, which are independent slabs of concrete that support individual columns or piers. The document provides details on when each type of footing would be used based on soil conditions, structural loads, and other factors. It also lists variations of pad footings and references additional resources on foundations.
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This document discusses different types of foundations for buildings. It describes shallow foundations including spread foundations and mat/raft foundations. It also describes deep pile foundations that extend below the surface. Specific foundation types are defined, such as spread footings, pad foundations, and different types of piles. Factors that determine the appropriate foundation type include soil conditions, structural loads, cost, and durability. Methods for installing pile foundations include driven piles, cast-in-place piles, and helical piles.
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This document discusses different types of foundations used in construction. It describes pad, strip, raft, and pile foundations. Pad foundations are suitable for most subsoil types and are usually constructed of reinforced concrete. Strip foundations are used for light structures on stable soil. Raft foundations spread loads over a large area for structures on low bearing soils. Pile foundations transmit loads to deeper soils using columns when suitable shallow foundations are not possible. The document also outlines functions of foundations and materials used, namely concrete composed of cement, aggregates, and water.
Vs types of footings vandana miss
1. Footings are structural members that transmit loads from columns and walls to the soil. The depth and location of foundations depends on factors like soil properties, groundwater, and adjacent structures.
2. Shallow foundations are suitable when surface soils can support loads but not in weak soils. Deep foundations transfer loads to deeper, stronger soils using piles, piers or caissons when near-surface soils are unsuitable.
3. Factors affecting foundation choice include subsurface soil properties, groundwater, structural requirements, construction constraints, codes and regulations, and impact on surrounding structures. Foundation type and depth aim to safely transmit loads without exceeding soil capacity or allowing excessive settlement.
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This document discusses different types of foundations. There are two main types: shallow foundations and deep foundations. Shallow foundations are provided immediately underneath the structure near ground level to distribute loads over a large base area. Deep foundations are constructed well below ground level using methods like piles, wells, or caissons to transfer loads through weaker surface soils to stronger layers below. Pile foundations use long concrete cylinders pushed into the ground to support structures. Well foundations are typically used below water levels for bridges.
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Pad foundations are shallow foundations that require little excavation, making them economic to construct. They can accommodate reinforcement and tight sites. However, they are weak against forces and require large sizes for deep excavations. Pad foundations are mostly used for framed buildings where bearing capacity is sufficient at low depths and uniform thickness is needed to carry point loads or distributed loads. Cost estimates are provided for pad foundations of different sizes.
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This document provides an overview of foundations, including:
1. It discusses the different types of soils that compose foundations and their properties.
2. It describes the various types of foundations, including shallow foundations (e.g. footings, slabs) and deep foundations (e.g. piles, caissons).
3. It covers foundation design considerations like loads, strength, stability, drainage, and construction methods.
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The document provides information on the basics of civil engineering foundations. It discusses the objectives and types of foundations, including shallow foundations like isolated and combined footings, and deep foundations such as pile and pier foundations. Pile foundations can be friction piles or load bearing piles. Factors that determine the size and bearing capacity of foundations are also covered. The document contains diagrams to illustrate foundation components and construction methods.
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This document provides an overview of foundations for building construction. It discusses the importance of foundations in distributing building loads to the ground. There are two main types of foundations - shallow foundations and deep foundations. Shallow foundations include spread footings, grillage foundations, raft foundations, stepped foundations, and mat/slab foundations. Deep foundations transfer loads deep into the earth and include drilled caissons, driven piles, and precast concrete piles. Foundation design considers factors like soil type, structural requirements, construction requirements, site conditions, and cost. The document also discusses waterproofing, drainage, and underpinning foundations.
types of Foundations with animated sketches
This document discusses different types of foundations used to support structures. It begins by stating the objectives are to understand foundation construction, types of foundations, and which are suitable for different soil types. It then defines foundations as the lowest part of a structure below ground that transmits the weight to the subsoil. The main types discussed are shallow foundations, which include wall, column, combined, and mat foundations, and deep foundations, such as pile, under-reamed pile, and well foundations. Specific foundation types like isolated column, combined, mat, pile, under-reamed pile and well foundations are then described in more detail.
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This document discusses different types of foundations for buildings, including shallow and deep foundations. Shallow foundations discussed include individual/isolated foundations, combined foundations, spread foundations, and raft/mat foundations. Deep foundations discussed include basement foundations, pile foundations, drill shaft foundations, hollow box foundations, and cylinders foundations. The document provides details on the definition, benefits, and uses of each foundation type to help builders and architects choose the right foundation for their needs.
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This document discusses different types of shallow foundations used in civil engineering. It describes shallow foundations as those placed immediately below the superstructure to distribute structural loads over a wide, shallow area below ground level. The main types discussed are spread footings, combined footings, mat/raft foundations, and grillage footings. Spread footings are used to support columns and walls, and can be wall, reinforced concrete, inverted arch, or column footings. Combined and mat foundations are used when columns are close together or loads are large.
Deep foundation full information
Hi everyone thanks for you to see our report again, and our report contains every single information about deep foundation just like advantages and disadvantages and types and here again just like the shallow foundation report we compared both with each other.
And from this link you read about shallow foundation
https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/AliRizgar/shallow-foundation-full-information
And from this email you can ask any thing to us
Alirizgar234@gmail.com
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2.foundation
The document discusses different types of foundations used to transmit the load of a building to the underlying soil. It describes shallow foundations such as wall footings, isolated column footings, and combined footings. Deep foundations including pile foundations, well foundations using caissons and cofferdams, are also summarized. Specific foundation types are defined, like mat/raft foundations used for soft soils, and grillage foundations for supporting high-rise steel structures.
Factors to consider in foundation design
Factors to consider in foundation design include: footing depth and spacing, location of spread footings, soil pressures, erosion risks for structures near water, corrosion protection, water table fluctuations, and properties of soil types like sand, silt, loess, clays, and expansive soils. Designs must account for frost depth, moisture changes, unsuitable subsurface materials, adjacent existing structures, net versus gross pressures, predicted scour depths, corrosion risks, drainage, and consolidation settlements.
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Foundations
The document discusses various types of foundations and foundation systems. It covers shallow foundations like spread footings, mat foundations, and slab on grade foundations. It also discusses deep foundations like piles and caissons used when the soil cannot support shallow foundations. Various aspects that foundations must address are also covered like loads, drainage, reinforcement, and excavation support.
Shallow foundation
This document discusses shallow foundations. Shallow foundations are placed at a shallow depth and distribute structural loads over a wide area. The main types of shallow foundations are spread footings, combined footings, mat/raft foundations, and grillage footings. Spread footings support columns and walls and transmit loads to the soil. Common varieties include wall, reinforced concrete, inverted arch, and column footings. Combined and mat foundations are used when columns are close together or loads are large. Shallow foundations provide quick construction and resist water absorption but have limitations with point loads.
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This document discusses different types of footings used in building construction. It describes strip footings, which are continuous strips of concrete under walls. It also discusses raft/mat footings, which are continuous footings that support an entire structure. Finally, it covers isolated/pad footings, which are independent slabs of concrete that support individual columns or piers. The document provides details on when each type of footing would be used based on soil conditions, structural loads, and other factors. It also lists variations of pad footings and references additional resources on foundations.
Foundation 2
This document discusses different types of foundations for buildings. It describes shallow foundations including spread foundations and mat/raft foundations. It also describes deep pile foundations that extend below the surface. Specific foundation types are defined, such as spread footings, pad foundations, and different types of piles. Factors that determine the appropriate foundation type include soil conditions, structural loads, cost, and durability. Methods for installing pile foundations include driven piles, cast-in-place piles, and helical piles.
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This document discusses different types of foundations used in construction. It describes pad, strip, raft, and pile foundations. Pad foundations are suitable for most subsoil types and are usually constructed of reinforced concrete. Strip foundations are used for light structures on stable soil. Raft foundations spread loads over a large area for structures on low bearing soils. Pile foundations transmit loads to deeper soils using columns when suitable shallow foundations are not possible. The document also outlines functions of foundations and materials used, namely concrete composed of cement, aggregates, and water.
Vs types of footings vandana miss
1. Footings are structural members that transmit loads from columns and walls to the soil. The depth and location of foundations depends on factors like soil properties, groundwater, and adjacent structures.
2. Shallow foundations are suitable when surface soils can support loads but not in weak soils. Deep foundations transfer loads to deeper, stronger soils using piles, piers or caissons when near-surface soils are unsuitable.
3. Factors affecting foundation choice include subsurface soil properties, groundwater, structural requirements, construction constraints, codes and regulations, and impact on surrounding structures. Foundation type and depth aim to safely transmit loads without exceeding soil capacity or allowing excessive settlement.
Foundation and its types and detailed explanation
This document discusses different types of foundations. There are two main types: shallow foundations and deep foundations. Shallow foundations are provided immediately underneath the structure near ground level to distribute loads over a large base area. Deep foundations are constructed well below ground level using methods like piles, wells, or caissons to transfer loads through weaker surface soils to stronger layers below. Pile foundations use long concrete cylinders pushed into the ground to support structures. Well foundations are typically used below water levels for bridges.
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This document summarizes information about pad foundations:
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Backfilling 2014a-Lecture4
This lecture discusses backfilling procedures for excavated structures. It defines backfilling as the activity that occurs after excavation to fill the excavated area. The lecture outlines the objectives of learning about backfilling clauses and how to determine which clauses apply. It then provides examples of excavating and backfilling footings and foundations for a simple guard house structure. It emphasizes the need to carefully measure excavation depths and backfill quantities for different areas. Finally, it provides exercises for students to measure backfill quantities for given structural details and footing configurations.
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1. The document discusses excavation work for building foundations, including determining the type and depth of excavation needed and which measurement clauses to apply.
2. Excavation work includes measuring the volume of soil removed for footings and pile caps, as well as disposing of surplus soil according to clauses for on-site or off-site removal.
3. Calculating excavation work requires identifying the foundation type from drawings, finding the relevant clause, and measuring the excavation depth, length, and width to determine the excavated material volume.
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This document discusses different types of footings used in reinforced concrete design, including isolated spread footings, wall footings, combined footings, pile caps, mat foundations, and column footings. It covers topics such as bearing pressure under footings, design of eccentrically loaded footings, moment and shear in wall footings, critical sections for shear and moment in column footings, and transfer of forces at the base of a column. Two example problems are included to demonstrate the design of a wall footing and square column footing.
SITE REPORT (PAD FOOTING)
The document is a site visit report for a construction site building 96 terrace houses and related infrastructure. It includes an introduction to the site visit, objectives of the visit, observations of the site and construction processes, and photos from the visit. Specifically, it describes the pad footing foundation system being used, including excavating the ground, laying a lean concrete base, forming and reinforcing the pad, and pouring the concrete. The report concludes the visit provided valuable first-hand learning about construction site safety, materials, techniques and the pad footing construction process.
Footing design
This document provides an overview of foundation design, including:
1) It defines the two major requirements of foundation design as sustaining applied loads without exceeding soil bearing capacity and maintaining uniform settlement within tolerable limits.
2) It differentiates between shallow and deep foundations, with shallow foundations including isolated, combined, strap, and strip footings and deep foundations including pile foundations.
3) It explains considerations for foundation design such as minimum depth, thickness, and determining bending moments and soil bearing capacity.
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The document discusses different types of foundations used in construction. It describes shallow foundations, which include wall, column, combined, and mat/raft foundations. It also describes deep foundations, including pile, under-reamed pile, and well foundations. It provides details on different types of piles and factors to consider when choosing a foundation type, and outlines the basic process for constructing foundations, including site preparation, layout, excavation, and pouring concrete.
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Raft foundations are large concrete slabs laid on the ground to support buildings. They spread the building load over a wide area, lowering pressure on the soil. This makes raft foundations suitable for unstable soils, areas with soil movement, and buildings with high loads or closely spaced supports. Raft foundations can serve as both the foundation and floor slab. They are used for heavy commercial buildings, in low bearing soils, and where footing overlap would otherwise occur. Advantages include reduced excavation needs and differential settlement.
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The document discusses the construction of Madge Mansions, a luxury condominium development consisting of 3 blocks of 10 stories with 52 units total. It describes the pile foundation, suspended slab flooring, and flat roof used for the building. The foundation uses piles to transfer the heavy building loads to deeper, stronger soil layers. Suspended slabs are used for the floors to support loads between levels. A flat roof design is employed.
Building components
This document discusses different types of building foundations. It begins by explaining the functions and requirements of foundations. It then describes factors that influence foundation design such as bearing capacity and settlement of soils. Different types of shallow foundations are presented including isolated footings, strip footings, combined footings, raft/mat foundations, etc. Deep foundations including pile foundations and well foundations are also summarized. The document provides details on analyzing soil properties, bearing capacity, and settlement for foundation design.
Ct assignment
The document discusses the slab used in Madge Mansion, a luxury condominium development. It describes the functions of slabs as providing a flat surface, supporting loads, and acting as insulation and dividers between units. There are two main types of slabs used - precast concrete slabs and in-situ concrete slabs. Precast slabs offer advantages like higher quality control during production and faster construction. In-situ slabs are constructed on site with reinforced concrete spanning between supporting members. The development uses suspended slabs to support loads on the ground level and upper levels.
Mat or raft foundation
This document discusses mat and pile foundations. It describes mat foundations as thick reinforced concrete slabs that transmit loads from columns or walls into the soil. Common uses include supporting storage tanks and industrial equipment. It then discusses different types of mat foundations and how load is distributed depending on soil conditions. The document also outlines the typical procedures for constructing a mat foundation, including soil testing, excavation, reinforcement, forming, and curing. Pile foundations are described as using deep foundations when soil bearing capacity is low. Types of piles are classified based on function, material, and installation method. Factors for selecting the appropriate pile type include loads, soil conditions, structure type, and costs.
Ct assignment
The document summarizes the construction technology of Madge Mansions, a luxury condominium development in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It consists of 3 blocks of 10 stories with 52 units total, including 6 penthouses. The development uses pile foundations to support the building due to weak soil conditions. Suspended slabs are used for the ground level and upper levels, and a flat roof covers the top.
Ct assignment
The document summarizes the construction technology of Madge Mansions, a luxury condominium development in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It consists of 3 blocks of 10 stories with 52 units total, including 6 penthouses. Pile foundations were used to support the building due to weak surface soils. Suspended slabs were utilized for the ground level and upper levels to distribute loads. A flat roof was also employed.
Construction Technology Report
The document summarizes the construction technology of Madge Mansions, a luxury condominium development in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It consists of 3 blocks of 10 stories with 52 units total, including 6 penthouses. Pile foundations were used to support the building due to weak surface soils. Suspended slabs were utilized for the ground level and upper levels to distribute loads. A flat roof was also employed.
MAT/RAFT foundation presentation- Details of Construction
This presentation summarizes the key aspects of mat foundations. It defines a mat foundation as a thick concrete slab that spreads over the entire construction area and transfers loads directly to the soil through a large network of columns. The presentation outlines the types of mat foundations and explains that they are required when the foundation area covers 50-60% of the total plot area or when soil bearing capacity is low. It then describes the 13 step construction process for a basic mat footing and highlights advantages like reducing differential settlement and disadvantages like added reinforcement costs.
Introduction to Types of Foundation
This document discusses foundations for structures. It defines a foundation as the low artificially built part of a structure that transmits loads to the ground. Foundations come in two main types: shallow foundations, which are used when soil can support loads within 1.5m of the surface, and deep foundations, which are required when soil cannot support loads near the surface. Shallow foundations include isolated footings, combined footings, raft foundations, and strip footings. Deep foundations include pile foundations, which use long structural members driven or bored into the ground to transfer loads to stronger deeper soils. The document discusses classifications and functions of different foundation types.
Soils properties and foundations
This document discusses different types of soils found in India and their characteristics that affect soil behavior. It also discusses different types of foundations used depending on the soil type, including pile foundations and raft foundations. The main types of soils described are alluvial, black, red, laterite, mountain, and desert soils. Key soil characteristics discussed are cohesion, internal friction, and permeability. The document also examines different pile foundation types based on function (bearing, friction, screw, etc.) and material (timber, concrete, steel). Raft foundation types including flat plate, thickened, beam-slab, and cellular foundations are also summarized.
Pile Foundation and beams site report
This is a Pile Foundation and beams site report actually done on site. This includes site photos, Introduction, Q&A on site, conclusions.
Types of deep foundation
There are several types of deep foundations that can be used depending on the soil conditions and load requirements. These include basement foundations, buoyancy raft or hollow box foundations, well/caisson foundations, pier foundations, drilled shaft foundations, and pile foundations. Each type has advantages and disadvantages related to cost, construction difficulty, and suitability for different soil and loading conditions. Common examples of deep foundations used include caissons for bridge piers, drilled shafts for structures with large axial and lateral loads, and piles beneath structures with high groundwater or compressible soils. The type of deep foundation selected depends on the project needs and subsurface environment.
Mat foundation
Mat foundation is also known as the raft foundation. It is a continuous thick concrete slab on the soil that extends the entire footprint of the building and increases the soil bearing capacity power. This foundation supports the entire building loads and safely transfer it to the ground
pptsantosh-141119034508-conversion-gate01.ppt
This document discusses different types of foundations and their uses. It begins by outlining the objectives and functions of foundations, which include distributing structural loads safely to the subsoil, providing stability, and minimizing settlement. It then describes common foundation types like pad, strip, raft, and pile foundations. Pad foundations are suitable for most subsoil, while strip foundations are used for light structures. Raft foundations spread loads over a large base. Pile foundations transmit loads to deeper subsoil. The document concludes by covering materials used for foundations, primarily concrete composed of cement, aggregates, and water.
Foundation_(Anshumi Tanna BCT-II).pptx
The document discusses foundations for buildings. It begins by defining what a foundation is and its purposes, which include distributing the load of the structure, preventing differential settlement, and providing stability. It then covers factors that affect foundation design like soil conditions, structural requirements, and cost. The main types of foundations discussed are shallow foundations, which transfer load directly to the soil, and deep foundations, which transfer load deeper using techniques like piles. Construction of foundations involves site preparation, excavation, forming and pouring footings and walls. The document also discusses underpinning existing foundations and protecting foundations from moisture using waterproofing and drainage.
Chapter 3
This document discusses different types of foundations used in construction. It describes foundations as the base that supports a building and transfers loads to the soil. It outlines different soil types and factors considered in determining suitable foundation systems. Various foundation types are defined, including strip, trench, pad, raft and pile foundations. Pile foundations transmit loads through weak soils and include different piling materials. The document provides details on load transfer methods and usage of different foundation types.
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Building Sem 2 (EMT 157)
- 1. EMT 157 EM2D Faerina Mohd Nasir Izzah Atira Dolmat Nik Nur Fatin Najwa Nik Hassan Nur Hasimah Mahamood Mohamad Syahir Md Azam FOUNDATION Muhammad Ariff Khamzah
- 2. Definition “A foundation is the base on which a building rests and its purpose is to safely transfer the load of a building to a suitable subsoil”
- 3. Factors need to consider when choosing the type of foundation Total loads of the building The capacity of the subsoil Cost involved
- 4. Type of loads of the building Total Imposed Wind Dead
- 5. Factors need to consider when choosing the type of foundation Total loads of the building The capacity of the subsoil Cost involved
- 6. Wrong subsoil might cause movement of building The capacity of the subsoil Wrong subsoil may release harmful material An adequate depth can help retain the building position Avoid shrinkage and sediment from soil
- 7. Types of Foundation Shallow Foundation : Strip Pad Raft Deep Foundation : Piling
- 8. What kind of soil suitable for Pad foundation? Pad Non cohesive soil
- 9. Non cohesive soil A soil such as gravel or sand in which the particles do not stick together, as opposed to a sticky clay or claylike silt.
- 10. How does it look like? Pad
- 11. Characteristic of Pad Foundation • For buildings not more than 4 storey • Made by using formwork • Not for load bearing building • Column stump is square shaped • Usually made by concrete • Transmit loads from column • The more wider area, the more thicker the foundation
- 13. Site Visit On the 23rd of March a survey has been done • The site is for commercial building • This project under MRCB • For 8 months on August 2010 they started for soil investigation • For 2 months on February 2011 they started for site investigation • Now they are doing the process of foundation by steps • Two types of foundation use for the project > Piling – for high rise building > Pad – for building less than 3 storey building • Use reinforcement concrete • Concrete mix of 1:3:6
- 14. Process in making Pad Foundation 1. Clearing the site 2. Excavate : small excavation because pad foundation requires small size of space
- 15. Process in making Pad Foundation 3. Formwork for Pad 4. Install reinforcement : up to ground floor filling : extra reinforcement called starter bar
- 16. Process in making Pad Foundation 5. Pour concrete into the Formwork : 6. Let concrete cured then Earth column stump backfill
- 17. Process in making Pad Foundation 7. Place Formwork and install 8. Pour concrete then backfill slab reinforcement for ground beam base and soil compaction
- 18. Advantages of Pad Foundation Economic due to control of size Shallow form of foundation needs little excavation Shape can be designed to accommodate tight sites Disadvantages of Pad Foundation Can become very large if used for high point loads Limited to dealing with point loads
- 19. Conclusions Easy to make The right types of foundation in the right types of subsoil will prevent from cracking More economical
- 20. THANK YOU It’s Q&A session
Editor's Notes
- Square sh
- Charact
- It’s Q&A session