Basic Life Support and its facts

1. BASIC LIFE SUPPORT
SURG LT CDR SOORAJ.S
DISTRICT MEDICAL OFFICER
DHQ-13

3. March 22, 2012
Fabrice Muamba, a Bolton
midfielder, collapsed on the
pitch before halftime.
It was 78 minutes before his
heart started beating again

4. And our colleagues die??
BLS

5. Aristotle
 The heart is the source
of blood to the brain
and other parts of the
body

6. Role of the Heart
 It’s a pump
 Delivers oxygen to all cells of the body

7. What is cardiac arrest
 Sudden cessation of the pumping function
of the heart
 Causes

8. When cardiac arrest occurs
 If circulation to the brain is not re-started
within 4 to 6 minutes, permanent and
irreversible damage can occur.
 The treatment for cardiac arrest is Basic Life
Support or cardiopulmonary
resuscitation (CPR).
 Cardiac arrest is reversible and patient can
survive without any disabilities.

9. In BLS we are trying to revive the arrested
Heart by manually pumping the blood by
giving compressions.

10. What Is CPR?

11. What Is CPR?
 CPR is the technique of compressing the heart
to push out blood into blood vessels
 Its purpose is to move blood, and therefore
oxygen, to the brain and heart

12. Why Perform CPR?
 Performing CPR supports the heart and brain
with oxygen until medical help arrives

13. Basic life support (BLS)
Chest
Compre
ssion
Ventilati
on
Defibrill
ation

14. OBJECTIVES
How to assess the collapsed victim.
How to check for pulse.
How to perform chest compression.
How to give artificial respirations.

15. Approach safely
Check response
Call for help
Check Pulse
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
Check breathing

16. APPROACH SAFELY!
Scene
Rescuer
Victim
Bystanders
Approach safely
Check response
Call for help
Check Pulse
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
Check breathing

17. CHECK RESPONSE
Approach safely
Check response
Call for help
Check Pulse
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
Check breathing

18. CHECK BREATHING
Approach safely
Check response
Call for help
Check Pulse
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
Check breathing

19. Shake shoulders gently
Ask “Are you all right?”
If he responds
• Leave as you find him
• Find out what is wrong
CHECK RESPONSE

20. CHECK BREATHING
 Scan the chest for
movement for 10 sec

21. Call for help
Approach safely
Check response
Call for help
Check Pulse
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
Check breathing

22. Call for help
 Call the MI Room/ hospital
 Ask for an AED/ defibrillator

23. Check Pulse
Approach safely
Check response
Call for help
Check Pulse
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
Check breathing

24. Check Pulse
 Locate windpipe
(trachea)
 Slide fingers into
groove between
trachea and muscles at
side of neck
 Feel for a pulse for 10
sec

25. 30 CHEST COMPRESSIONS
Approach safely
Check response
Call for help
Check Pulse
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
Check breathing

26.  Position yourself at the victims
side
 Make sure the victim is lying on
a firm flat surface
CHEST COMPRESSIONS

27.  Place the heel of one hand in
the centre of the chest
 Place other hand on top
 Interlock fingers
 Straighten arms. Shoulders
over hands
CHEST COMPRESSIONS

28.  Compress the chest
• Push hard, push fast
 Rate 100-120 min-1
 Depth 4-5 cm
 Equal compression :
relaxation
CHEST COMPRESSIONS

29. Chest compression
Start compressions as soon as possible
“Push hard and fast on the center of the chest."
100 compressions per minute
Down-stroke of at least 5 cm
Allow complete chest recoil
Minimise interruptions
BLS: 2010 Guidelines

30. RESCUE BREATHS
Approach safely
Check response
Call for help
Check Pulse
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
Check breathing

31. RESCUE BREATHS
 Lift the chin
 Pinch the nose
 Take a normal breath
 Place lips over mouth
 Blow until the chest rises
 Take about 1 second
 Allow chest to fall
 Repeat

32. Compression-ventilation ratio
100 to 120 compressions per minute
Ratio of 30 compressions to 2 ventilations

33. CONTINUE CPR
30 2

34. 2 Person BLS

35. CONTINUE RESUSCITATION UNTIL
 Qualified help arrives and takes over
 The victim starts breathing normally

36. Approach safely
Check response
Call for help
Check Pulse
30 chest compressions
2 rescue breaths
Check breathing

37. Take home messages
 Start CPR immediately. Do not rush to shift
the patient to hospital
 Continue CPR until expert help arrives.
 Drowning may require CPR for a prolonged
time

38. When you save a life, you save a lifetime and
everyone it touches.

40. Any Questions?