The document provides information on solar powered water pumps and irrigation systems. It discusses: - The basic operation of solar pumps, which only operate during daylight hours with variable output depending on sunlight. - Design considerations for solar irrigation systems including water requirements, common irrigation applications like drip systems, and factors that determine the appropriate pump size like lift, pressure, and water volume needed. - Examples of sized systems for different irrigation needs like greenhouses, fields, and flood irrigation, pairing the proper solar pump and array size to meet the desired water volume and lift.

1. NAMASKAR
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2. 1. Basic of Solar Pumps
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• Pumps only during daytime (more sunshine = more water)
• Peak pump capacity only during midday
• Variable speed and pump capacity
• No fixed working point
• Pump capacity depends on the size of the solar PV Array
• Use Manual tracking system to increase output

3. 2. Water Volume and Lift
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• The pump is defined by its volume [Q] and lift [H]
• Volume = [Q = m3/day]
• Max. flow [q = l/min]
• Lift = [H = m]
• Pressure [bar]

4. 3. Theory of Solar Irrigation
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5. Water requirements
6. Irrigation applications
7. Low pressure irrigation system
7.1 Micro Irrigation system
7.1.1 Filters and control
8. Traditional Irrigation (flooding)
9. Water volume management

5. 4. Water Requirements
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• Water losses by plants and environment
• Depends on crops and their development
• Soil type
• Latitude and altitude
• Evapotranspiration losses
• [ET = mm/day]
• Evaporation = by open surfaces
• Transpiration = by plants
• high = < 6.5 mm/day (tropical region)
• medium = 5 -6.5 mm/day
• low = < 5 mm/day (moderate region)
• e.g. 5.5 mm/day = 5.5 L/m2/day

6. 5. Irrigation Applications
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• Compensation of water losses to optimize plant
growth
• E.g. missing rain fall or uneven time distribution
• Irrigation is possible for one plant or a field
• Irrigation Technology
• Modern irrigation: use pressurized systems
• Sprinkler, Mini-sprinkler (spray), Drip systems
• Traditional irrigation: use flood and furrow system
• Irrigation timing: every day or in time sequences
(bigger volume)

7. 6. Low Pressure Irrigation Systems
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• From 0.5 to 2 bars (reduced energy
requirements)
• Low pressures means
• more water outlets
• more dense water distribution system
• mainly use plastic pipe and outlets (emitters)
• mainly fixed installation

8. 7.1 Micro Irrigation System
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• Mini-Sprinkler (rotating droplet types)
• Radius: 1-4 m / app. 1.5 bars
• Mini-Sprayer (mist and spray types)
• Radius: 1-3m / app. 1.25 bars

9. 7.1 Micro Irrigation System – Drip System
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• Drip Irrigation System
• Drops at each outlet with app. q = 1 l/h
• Integrated dipper
• Attached adoptable dripper
• Lay-flat tapes
• Different outlets and row spacing
• Outlets from 0.2m – 0.33m form a humid band
• Different wall thickness
• Thickness defines time of usability
• Pipe length depends on hydraulic limits
• Equal water distribution (+/- 10%)
• Different pipe or tube diameter available
• Can be buried or attached at trees, e.g. vineyards

10. 7.1 Micro Irrigation Systems - pictures
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11. 7.2 Filters and Control
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• Each system must have a filter (or several)
• Otherwise the small outlets are blocked
• Use bigger model to reduce hydraulic losses
• Disc filter is better than screen filters
• Clean the filters and pipes regularly
• Control the irrigation system at the head unit
• Install control and measurement devise for volume
and pressure
• Add an inlet to the head unit for liquid fertilizer

12. 7.2 Filters and Control - pictures
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13. 8. Traditional Irrigation (Flooding)
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• Solar pumps lift water
• Also from rivers and canals (floating version)
• Water distribution through free outlet
• Only lifting, no pressure required
• High volume with minimum head
• App. 1-6m only

14. 8. Traditional Irrigation (flooding) -
pictures
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15. 9. Water Volume Mangament
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• Flow control only by volumetric meters (water
meter)
• Time control not common in Solar-Irrigation-Systems
• Manual control is standard (automatic optional)
• Divide the irrigation plot in sections
• Section (field) sizes must be equal
• Irrigation plot must be rotated each time
• Irrigation time (volume) due to crop development
and Evapotranspiration [ET]
• Add 2nd drip-line for further crop development
and water requirement

16. IV. Application and Design
criteria
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10. BRIGHT Solar Pumps System and Irrigation
11. Design criteria
12. Examples for BRIGHT Solar Irrigations Systems

17. 10. BRIGHT Solar Pumps System and
Irrigation
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• BRIGHT SOLAR pumps can easily be connected with
many irrigation systems
• Match BRIGHT SOLAR pump with your irrigation system
(hydraulic requirements)
• Low pressure systems are cost efficient (Drip)
• Use water tank (min 3m) or direct connection

18. 11. Design Criteria Step 1
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• Check your water source and look for limitations
• Define lift and pressure [H] (TDH)
• Select the crops (plants) and water needs [ET]
• Define water volume [Q]
• Select BRIGHT Solar Pumps
• Determine size of the solar array
• Select BRIGHT Solar Modules
• Select BRIGHT SolarTracker

19. 11. Design Criteria Step 2
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• Determine low pressure irrigation system (Drip)
• Calculate hydraulic parameter (friction losses)
• Use bigger filters and pipe diameters
• Calculate max. drip line length (adopt field size )
• Define drip line row spacing (distance) and out let
spacing
• Select water meter and head unit for control and
management
• Except variation in [Q & H] during the day (no water in
the night)
• Use [Q = m3/day] and peak (max.) flow [q = l/min]
• In summer more Solar Power = more water for irrigation

20. 12. Application Sizing and Examples (1)
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• Example 1 (Greenhouse Irrigation):
• 1PM4SS-HR07 (900Wp -1 H.P. - Tracked)
• 17m³/day at 60m lift
• Medium ET: 5mm/day (~5l/m²/day)
-> Drip irrigation area 2720m² (using 80% eff.)
Greenhouse: 9m*55m = 540m² -> app. 5 greenhouses

21. 12. Application Sizing and Examples (2)
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• Example 2 (Field Irrigation):
• 2PM4-SS5-12 (1800Wp – 2 H.P. - Not tracked)
• Q = 46m³/day at H = 30m lift
• High ET: 6.5mm/day (~6,5l/m²/day)
-> Drip irrigation area 5300 m² (using 75% eff.)
Field area: app. 0.5 Ha

22. 12. Application Sizing and Examples (3)
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• Example 3 (Flood Irrigation):
• 5PM6-SS30-2 (4800Wp – 5 H.P. - tracked)
• Q = 300m³/day at H = 15m
• High ET: 5mm/day (~5l/m²/day)
-> Drip irrigation area 27000 m² (using 45% eff.)
Field area: app. 2.5Ha

23. 12. Application Sizing and Examples (4)
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• Example 4 (Flood Irrigation):
• 10PM6-SS42-4 (9600Wp – 10H.P. - tracked)
• Q = 500m³/day at H = 10m
• High ET: 5mm/day (~5l/m²/day)
-> Drip irrigation area 48000 m² (using 45% eff.)
Field area: app. 4.5 Ha

24. V. Final Conclusion
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1. Select low pressure irrigation system (micro irrigation system)
• Preferable drip irrigation system with app. 0.5 bar working pressure
2. If possible use tank with app. 5 m tower
• Optional direct system (set pressure for irrigation at app. 1 bar)
3. Match water use for irrigation with the BRIGHT solar pump capacity
• Check for the appropriate pump model
• Irrigation area depends on pump parameters [Q / H]
• [Q / H] defines the size of the solar generator
4. Control the irrigation system on volume basis (water meter)
• Subdivide the fields into equal plots
• Calculate drip line length with a +/- 10% variation in water volume
• Use bigger filters and distribution pipes to reduce friction losses
5. Use BRIGHT SOLAR power pack for peak (max) water needs in summer
• Night time irrigation

25. Installed Pump Sites in Gujarat State
Gujarat State : 5HP – 183 Systems
3HP – 64 Systems
2HP - 41 Systems
1HP - 29 Systems
7.5HP - 06 Systems
10HP - 02 Systems
Other States : More than 2000
Systems
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