Breast reconstructive surgeries aim to reform or reshape breasts after mastectomy or lumpectomy and can involve silicone/saline implants or skin flap techniques. The implant procedure typically includes a tissue expander to stretch the skin, followed by the insertion of the implant, while skin flap surgery involves relocating tissue from another body part. Potential complications include infection, delayed healing, and issues with implants.

1. BREAST RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERIES

2. • The goal of breast reconstruction is to reform or reshape one
or both breasts after mastectomy or lumpectomy.

3. INDICATIONS
 After mastectomy
 Congenital anomalies
 Developmental anomalies
 Traumatic disfigurement

4. TYPES
 Uses silicone or saline implants
 Autologous or skin flap surgery:
This method uses tissue from another part of the body.
 Combined
In some cases, a surgeon might use a combination of both
techniques to create a more natural reconstruction.

5. IMPLANTS
• When reconstructing a breast with implants, surgeon will
insert silicone or saline implants underneath the skin or
muscle, in the place of the previous breast tissue.
• This is a two stage procedure.
• During the first stage, surgeon places a tissue expander
underneath the remaining breast skin,
• The expander serves gradually stretches the remaining tissue.

6. • After the person has fully healed following surgery, surgeon
will inject sterile saline or salt water through the skin into the
tissue expander on a weekly basis.
• This balloon gradually stretches the skin and muscle until the
breast reaches a size with which the person is comfortable.

7. • When the chest tissues heal and the surgeon has added
enough saline to the tissue expander in preparation for the
implants, they will perform the second procedure to insert
the implants.
• The surgeon removes the tissue expanders and replaces them
with either a silicone or saline implant.
• In some cases, a surgeon may place a permanent saline or
silicone implant at the time of the mastectomy, without use of
a tissue expander.

8. SKIN FLAP SURGERY
 With skin flap surgery, the surgeon takes tissue from another
part of the body and moves it to the chest to rebuild the
breast.
 The surgeon usually removes this tissue from the
abdomen,the buttock or thigh.
 Two methods are available for this surgery:
 Free flap surgery
 Pedicle flap surgery

9. COMPLICATIONS
• Bleeding or blood clots
• Infection
• Fluid buildup in the breast or at the donor site (for skin flap
surgery)
• Delayed wound healing
• Tissue death, or necrosis, which may develop in the tissue flap
• Loss of muscle strength at the donor site (for skin flap surgery)
• Changes in breast or nipple sensation
• Uneven breasts
• Problems with the implant (movement, rupture, leakage, or
scar tissue)

10. BREAST REDUCTION SURGERY ( reduction mammaplasty)
• Removes excess breast fat tissue and skin to reach a breast
size that’s more in proportion with the body.